Inqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal. Iphula umthetho wabucala

Kakhulu kutshanje, ilungelo ulozinzisa elimiweyo kubomi obubobakhe. Oku kwenzeka kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngexesha ukuvukelwa yamaphephandaba ilungelo okukwazi isagquba eYurophu. Regulatory ukudityaniswa efanayo lwaqhutywa komthetho waseFransi. UMqulu wamaLungelo kwaye siseko we-United States, eli lungelo ezingabhaliweyo njengobuhle. Noko ke, ukuba lithatyathwe ezinye izilungiso zoMthetho esiSiseko.

ulwazi zembali

Uphuhliso lokuqala zenzululwazi ilungelo nemfihlo sele kubonakala kwiNqaku Brendaysa kunye Warren - abaphengululi zomthetho. Lo msebenzi yapapashwa ngo-1890 eUnited States. Emva koko, lo mthetho ixhaswa imikhosi exhobileyo of America Zibe. INkundla Ephakamileyo kugwetyelwa khona amkhupha izilungiso ezithile-siseko. In imi--40-50. unelungelo lokuba nemfihlo iye yabhalwa ngu izivumelwano ezininzi ngamazwe. Sekusenziwa imigangatho baba (ezenziwa) kwi imithetho yamazwe amaninzi, phakathi leyo waseUSSR, yaye kamva Russian Federation. Uphuhliso kweziveliso ze-mthetho ezithile ngeendibano eStrasbourg Court.

I Regulatory Framework eRashiya

ERashiya, iimfihlo abemi lufumanisa Amanqaku 23 no-24 loMgaqo-siseko. Phakathi nemigaqo elawula eli lungelo, kukho uMthetho Federal "Kwi Data Personal", GC, kwakunye yezizwe ngezizwe. Kubo yokugqibela, ukubaluleka inkulu Declaration on Human Rights, kuba Convention lwabo yokhuseleko, i-International yomnqophiso. Privacy kwi Russian Federation ukhusela 137 inqaku le-Code Criminal.

isigaba esikhulu

Yintoni ezikhuselekileyo kwiSiqendu 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal? Izimvo inokunikwa ngolu hlobo.

amalungelo oluntu civil ziquka:

• umlomo ukuqokelelwa, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kolwazi malunga nabanye abantu ngaphandle kwemvume lwabo ukuba enze njalo;
• ukhuselo ngodumo kunye negama elihle;
• enika ulwazi ulawulo oluzimeleyo malunga ngokwabo;
• ukhuselo lwe data umntu;
• unxibelelwano ngasese.

Xa nqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal lo mthetho wahlanganisa imfihlelo wokwenziwa oonyana, uxilongo lwezonyango, lo isivumo.

Le ngcamango yokuphila abucala

Ngo komthetho, eli gama libhekisela ilungelo labantu luluvo ukugcina indlela yobomi enikwa iinkolelo zobuqu bakhe, imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye inqubo. It ayisekho ngaphandle yeendima zentlalo. Umzekelo, ikhefu, egqalwa kubekho ubomi labucala kuthathwa uhlobo lobudlelwane noluntu.

iimpawu

ubomi Private isekelwe:

• Ukufihla kwabo miba yobukho bomntu ukuba akukho ezinxulumene nobudlelwane noluntu;
• umgaqo yolondolozo yemeko lobuqu.

Inxalenye ephambili yobomi abucala kufuneka iquke:

1. House, kuquka ilungelo inviolability yeli khaya.
2. Family. Kwimeko zomthetho, unelungelo emfihlekweni, izalamane kunye nabahlobo abakwazi ubungqina enkundleni nxamnye omnye komnye.
3. Gen. Umntu unelungelo amalungiselelo onxulumano ekhayeni lakhe kunye nosapho njengoko ebona kufanelekile.
4. Imbalelwano. UMbuso uqinisekisa iimfihlo imbalelwano.
5. Health. Umntu akanako kukuxelela ngesimo sempilo yakhe, ugqirha unyanzelekile ukuba kugcinwe kuyimfihlo kwesifo.
6. Inkolo. Abemi kufuneka ithuba lokuba abeke ngokukhululekileyo nawuphi na umbutho yonqulo okanye akekho.

Le miba ingentla akhuselwe inqaku 137 no 138 of Code Criminal. Lo mthetho umisela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo uxanduva ukunyhashwa la malungelo.

Inqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal: nokwakheka

Ummiselo we-Code Criminal umisela butyala yokuqokelelwa mthethweni, ukugcinwa kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi malunga nobomi yabucala ummi yelo kusapho lwakhe okanye imfihlelo lobuqu, ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe okanye nokuhanjiswa kule nkcukacha iintetho zoluntu, umsebenzi kawonke okanye imidiya. Inqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal izichaza isohlwayo:

1. A omhle ukuya ku-200 000 engange. okanye isixa umvuzo okanye enye ingeniso umrhanelwa iinyanga ezili-18.
2. umsebenzi enyanzelekileyo ukuya kwiiyure 360.
3. Entolongweni iminyaka emi-2 kunye nokuthintelwa ukubamba izithuba ezithile kunye nezikhundla okanye aqhube imisebenzi ethile iminyaka ukuya ku-3.
4. umsebenzi lezoluleko ukwenzela unyaka-1.
5. Nokubanjwa kwiinyanga ukuya ku-4.
6. Banyanzelwa up wezabasebenzi kwiminyaka 2 nokungalali elandelayo ilungelo lokwenza izinto ezithile okanye ukuba ahlale phezu kwezinye izithuba kunye nezikhundla, okanye ngaphandle kwayo.

Lijongene ngokusebenzisa isikhundla esemthethweni

Inqaku 137 lomGaqo yoLwaphulo ukuba ityala kulo mzekelo, ngasentla ufundeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Nokungalali ilungelo sihlale kwizikhundla ezithile kunye nezikhundla okanye ukusebenzisa imisebenzi ethile isithuba seminyaka-2 ukuya ku-5.
2. Nokubanjwa kwiinyanga ukuya ku-6.
3. Ngabafakwa uviko ukuya kwiminyaka-4 kunye ukuvalwa ukwenza inani imisebenzi ukwenza ezinye umsebenzi iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphandle kwayo.
4. A omhle 100 ukuya 300 lamawaka. Thambisani. okanye ubungakanani c / n okanye enye ingeniso enetyala kwithuba ukususela kunyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.
5. Ejele iminyaka ukuya ku-4 kunye ukuvalwa ukubamba inani lezithuba kunye nezikhundla kwaye enze imisebenzi ethile iminyaka emihlanu.

Inqaku 137 soMthetho i-Criminal Code for kweminyaka

Lo mthetho ukhusela ilungelo lokuba nemfihlo labantu ayifikanga neminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Ngokukodwa, inqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal iquka oku kulandelayo.

Distribution e Ubonisa umsebenzi karhulumente okanye intetho, amajelo eendaba, okanye nge ulwazi kunye neenkcukacha zonxibelelwano nothungelwano, ebonisa iinkcukacha lixhoba ummi ngubani na eminyakeni yobudala engama-18, kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye inkcazelo equlathe inkcazelo ukubandezeleka yokuziphatha okanye ngokwasemzimbeni, wawafumana ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho, nto leyo ebangela isifo sengqondo okanye ezinye iziphumo engcwabeni, akukho mthethweni.

Inqaku 137 soMgaqo-Code Criminal umisela xanduva lulandelayo ukuba amatyala ezidweliswe ngasentla:

1. Nomsebenzi onyanzelwayo ukuya kwiminyaka-5 kunye ukuhluthwa kungenzeka ukuba ahlale izithuba ezithile kunye nezikhundla okanye asebenzise umsebenzi ethile iminyaka 6 okanye ngaphandle kwayo.
2. PIM 150 ukuya-350 lamawaka. Hlikihla. okanye isixa s / n okanye enye ingeniso enetyala ixesha leenyanga ezili-18. ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3.
3. Isithintelo ukuhlala kwizikhundla ezithile okanye izikhundla kule minyaka 3-5 ezayo.
4. Nokubanjwa iinyanga ezintandathu.
5. Ejele ukuya kwiminyaka 5 kokuvalwa ukuba ahlale kwizikhundla ezithile kwaye ukwenza iintshukumo ezithile phakathi kwiminyaka emi-6.

Ekuphetheni

Ngoko ke, uRhulumente uya ukukhusela iimfihlo nawuphi na ummi, kuquka yobudala emntaneni. Oku kuvumela abantu ukuba bazive bekhululekile kwaye ndaqonda ukuba bahlala kwilizwe lwentando yesininzi. Kwimeko ukugxojwa okanye ukuphula amalungelo abemi ukuba isibheno enkundleni ngendlela jikelele. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akukho mntu unelungelo bephula igama elihle, imbeko kunye nobumfihlo nabanye abantu abangabakhe kubo kwasekuzalweni.