Intaba Austria: igama, ukuphakama. Geography of Austria

yinxalenye emangalisayo intle weentaba Austria. Zizakubalulwa ngobuninzi bayo amanzi acocekileyo, acocekileyo, kanzulu nje kuphela umkhenkce emilanjeni, kodwa emachibini ezininzi zasezintabeni aluhlaza.

Malunga eli lizwe ngeyona ndlela intle, yintoni ezintabeni ibekwe Austria kunabo iyamangalisa, unako ukufunda ngokufunda eli nqaku.

E Austria, zininzi iindawo ezimangalisayo, ubambe ubuhle bayo emangalisayo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa iintaba zayo ezininzi. Ngezantsi kukho thaca kakhulu abadumileyo kwiincopho, leyo ukutsala ingqalelo inani elikhulu labakhenkethi kunye nabakhenkethi abavela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi.

A kancinci Austria

Ngaphambi kokuba sifunde igama ezintabeni Austria, ufumanise yabo ethile ingqalelo ulwazi kwindawo jikelele wejografi kaRhulumente.

Austria ise- Central Europe. indawo wayo 83.859 square metres. km, kuquka kwamachibi zendalo abahlala malunga 1120 yezikwere. km, kwaye iintaba -. phantse 70% yommandla iyonke.

Austria into erhangqwe Switzerland kunye Liechtenstein kwintshona; kumantla eJamani kunye Czech Republic; ukuya ngasempumalanga, Hungary and Slovakia; kumazantsi eItali Slovenia. Ubude lilonke kwimida km 2563.

Ekumeni omangalisayo yendalo Austria enchant abakhenkethi kunye nabahambi. Kwaye indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa iintaba, iphakathi apho intaba aphezulu e-Austria ekuthiwa Grossglockner (ukuphakama neemitha zayo 3798 ngentla komgangatho wolwandle. Sea).

iinkcukacha Okuninzi Izakuchaza kuphela ezindle kwiincopho kakhulu langutana.

intaba Austria: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Ngokutsho imaphu, wenza ngokusekelwe imifanekiso yesatellite ibonisa ukuba 1/4 yommandla ezinabantu buhlanti-block Ibanga Young Eastern Alps, edibanisa sisonke sublatitudinal. zone Hot kunye isiqabu yezihlunu glacial intaba-imilo lulele entshona ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha 3500 (Großglockner - 3798 m) kunye empumalanga ngezantsi - ukuya kutsho kwiimitha 2400. Umda inshorensi ikhephu kwi-avareji, sise ezinobude kweemitha 2800.

Ezinye iincam zomkhenkce Austria (umz pasterze glacier ogama ubude iyonke yi-9 km). Imixokelelwane southern kunye emantla yezihlunu baseMpuma Alps singqongwe kuyehla, ayifani kumathambeka kakhulu, dissected kunye nophuhliso elinqatyisiweyo karsts. Ngasentla, kunye kwimida Alps kugcwele emathafeni flysch.

Ngaphakathi Austria for eMpuma Alps luphawulwa iintlambo ikakhulu enkulu (Enns River Zaltsh, Inn et al.), Yaye eentaba oriental unikela nezitya (Klagenfurt, Graz et al.).

Kwinxalenye esempuma yommandla urhulumente laseSamariya Styrian-Burgenland plain (yinxalenye Pannonian), wehla waya eVienna Basin. Xa nizkogorja amalungiselelo ezisemantla nasempuma lihlangana Waldviertel Myurfirtel, Veynfirtel et al. Phakathi kwabo kunye neMpuma Alps is a flat ngumcu kwimiqolo iDanube umlambo masimu.

Dlulani neNtaba Gerlospass

Austria iintaba yonke into enkulu, kodwa enye yezinto eziphambili ezinomtsalane Salzburg uthathwa Gerlospass. Ukususela ukuphakama intaba enkulu (1,500 meters) unika iimbono ezinkulu ipaka yesizwe esi sixeko.

Le yindawo enkulu ukuphumla. Usenakho kanti nokutyelela yokutyela encinane mavoko. Kwaye kuyenzeka ukuhlala ngasekunene emoyeni evulekileyo omtsha, edibanisa isidlo isishwankathelo kwanobuhle Austria. Unakho ukusebenzisa imoto intambo, leyo yakhiwa ngo-2010.

Phakathi bendawo kwezi ndawo ngokukodwa athandwa uhamba kwindawo engqongileyo kwi wokuhamba. Emva kokuba ahambe up induli - inzuzo enkulu emoyeni emangalisayo esicocekileyo uhlobo loqeqesho (test unyamezelo).

Mount Kapuzinerberg

iintaba Austrian ezininzi izibakala umdla zembali. Le ngaphandle ayikho, yaye le phezulu. Liphuma 640 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ukwakweli ibhanki ngasempumalanga lomlambo. Salzach. Malunga leentaba iMyuziyam Salzburg.

Ukongeza, ibekwe kwi eMonastri ethambekeni Catholic eyiCapuchin, ezakhiwe ngokomyalelo Wolf eDietrich von Raitenau (Bishop) kwi XVI-XVII eminyaka. Yena izenzo namhlanje.

Vula kubakhenkethi ibandla emishini kuphela apho zibanjwa rhoqo. Woku kukuba lendela bayishiya woonongendi kuphela 1938 ngokwemiyalelo Adolf Hitler, owayefuna kule ndawo ukwakha lemidlalo, kodwa izicwangciso zakhe angakhange. Ukususela ngo-1945, ubomi woonongendi ahlayo ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Ngomhla endulini Kapuzinerberg nayo nezinye izakhiwo umdla zembali: zokuzifaka apha esihle (ngoku restaurant yakhe); indlu awayephila uStefan Tsveyg kwi 30, njalo njalo.

ntaba Menhsberg

Menhsberg, njengezinye ezintabeni Austria, lunobude elincinane - 540 leemitha. Le yenye yezinto eziphezulu-5 ibekwe e Salzburg. Yahlula inxalenye mihla isixeko endala (bank ngasekhohlo lomlambo Salzach).

Intaba kwicala elinye ligutyungelwe ehlathini, kwelinye icala Igcwele ecaleni layo enamatye eqolo. Le yenye yeendawo ezininzi athandwa kakhulu uhamba phakathi abemi, kokukhona oku caca kakhulu olufikeleleka nawuphi na umntu (lift esebenzayo). Inikezela ngelona esicace omangalisayo umzi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwitonela ngenqindi engxondorheni emva ngo-1767 - omnye omdala eYurophu.

Kwaye Menhsberge likhaya izakhiwo ezininzi ezinomdla: inqaba encinane Yohanesshloss (inxalenye woonongendi kwenkulungwane XIV); Marketendershloss inqaba encinane (kumaXesha Aphakathi baba enqabeni, ngoku iziko loqeqesho); Schloss Menhshteyn (eyayisakubizwa ngokuba University of Salzburg lwezindlu, hotel ngoku); Museum of Modern Art (ngo-2004). Hayi nje kuphela ngenxa ubuhle bendalo, kodwa uphinde iziza zembali, etsala ingqalelo Austria.

Mount Grossglockner

Highest e Austria nguye Grossglockner - Intaba, liphuma ku 3798 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. ULwandle iphakathi Tyrol ne laseCarinthia. Xa unyawo yayo kukho glacier pasterze glacier inkulu, ubude ogama ngu 9 km.

Ngale ndawo emangalisayo kukuba akukho ndlela ngaphantsi ephawulekayo obanzi Grossglockner Hochalpenstraße. It wavula ngo 1935. Ekubeni abaninzi intaba ephakamileyo eOstriya luyafumaneka kubakhenkethi abaninzi abafuna ukutyelela kuyo.

Naye ukwazi nembali wokwakha.

Ixesha lobunzima kwezoqoqosho emva kwemfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala kunye nokukhula weziphithiphithi yesizwe kwakhokelela ekubeni ekutshatyalalisweni Empire Austria-Hungarian. Austria ngelo xesha, ndayihluthwa Czech Republic, Hungary kunye Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia kunye nabanye. Umphumo waba kwamaxabiso, ukungabi kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuwa ikota kwimveliso.

Ke High Alpine Road, nto leyo ukunika umsebenzi abangaphangeliyo abaninzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba yengeniso yombuso iyilwe ukusuka yokukhwela kuyo.

A ehlumayo

EOSTRIYA, ezintabeni, Alps basenokuvana. ummandla Alpes zithathwa ehlathini.

Isiphumo iimeko zendalo bokuhlala kunye utshintsho kunokuba kakhulu le meko zizenzo zabantu ngoku utyani ngokumangalisayo zinaso kwezi ndawo. Ingakumbi kummandla ongezantsi (1000 meters) Kuyinto abohlukeneyo zombini ehlabathini yezityalo, kunye isimo sayo. Ngokwalo nxalenye Alps, kufutshane kumathafa ezikufutshane kuyo. inxalenye Southern iphenjelelwa kwiMeditera, ngokunxulumene noko kwafunyanwa iintlobo etropiki kotyani.

isabelo Western kuquka komterebhinti, nezompleyini kunye beech ihlathi (emathambekeni), emantla - imihlaba ihlathi bedidekile podsolic kunye nasempuma limele Lesostep. Eyona unabantu abaninzi utyani ezantsi imisindo, kuya ukutshintsha utyani zayo zendalo, ngokuba ummandla nenkcubeko kwiiAlps.

isiphelo

An isiseko umdla nembali unalo igama ezintabeni Austria. Ngamnye kubo ekuxonyekezelwe kuwo nawuphi na iziganeko ezithile zembali okanye amagama adumileyo.

Fantastically entle Austria Alps esinendawo gorgeous intyatyambo, amahlathi eluhlaza kunye zomkhenkce eziluhlaza nekhephu. Kule nyanga zishushu zasehlotyeni iqala apha ingakumbi kwalowo ngokukhawuleza lasebusika ntaba, into leyo eyenza igalelo ukuvela izikhukula ezinkulu. Enkosi kubo, inqanaba lamanzi weDanube liphuma kumphezulu ngamaxesha yeemitha 8-9.