Iingxaki kokonakaliswa entlango Russian arctic

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo entlango arctic ezifana eziphila kwemozulu-ukwakha zitshintsha ebusweni bomhlaba. Uluntu jikelele uxhalela ukunyibilika ngumkhenkce, kwakunye mpofu amahlwempu, yaye ke enezityalo nezilwanyana ye-Arctic imimandla nenamathafa. Inolwazi ngeengxaki le-ethe, kodwa ecosystem ebalulekileyo enjalo - inyathelo lokuqala negalelo ngakukhuselo ukuphila emhlabeni.

Apho ezingcakacileyo khona akuyichazi

Arctic - kumda osemantla kommandla million 27 ezikwere zeekhilomitha, kumda osemazantsi leyo kuthathwa ukuba kumda osemazantsi bendawo emathafeni. million Kuphela 6 ezikwere zeekhilomitha - nto injalo naseYurophu, Asia kunye nomNtla Melika. Malunga 4 million ezikwere zeekhilomitha iwela imimandla siqithi.

Umkhathalele kakhulu utshintsho incinane ukuya ukukwazi eliphantsi okuphilisa ngokwayo, izinto eziphila kwentlango Arctic kumathafa basengozini kakhulu. ukwakheka iintlobo Poor yaye ngokufuthi esingapheliyo enezityalo nezilwanyana kufuna unyango ngenyameko kakhulu.

Leyo - oko kukuthi,

Izinto ezisongela eziphila kumathafa Arctic, lungohlulwa lube yendalo yomntu. Kodwa eli candelo lunemiqathango. Zonke iinkqubo kwi planethi amaqhina oqhagamshelwano imisonto zintle, nto leyo maxa wambi ezingalindelwanga xa efika kuqala. Kodwa bume kunye noluntu isizathu amazwe ngamazwe sharing-90 ngokukhutheleyo kungenisa nokuphuhlisa Umba wophuhliso oluzinzileyo, edibanisa amacandelo kokusingqongileyo, uqoqosho kunye nezentlalo. nobungozi le Arctic zininzi, kodwa siza kubalaselisa iingxaki kakhulu kokusingqongileyo entlango Arctic.

Ukufudumala le planethi

Kwimeko wobushushu kwihlabathi, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-Arctic uyafudumala ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwezinye iingingqi. Kunye neziphumo ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu apha zibaluleke jikelele. Uphando lubonisa ukuba kwixa elizayo umkhenkce Arctic angaqala unyamalale ngokupheleleyo ehlotyeni.

Imiphumo oku kuya kuba kwanda engakumbi lobushushu. Ngapha koko, umkhenkce Arctic ibonisa imisebe yelanga, ukuthoba iqondo lobushushu emhlabeni. Kakade ke ukufa amabhere ngenxa kwimigama ezinkulu phakathi ice floes ngoku ezisisigxina. Ezi abahlali bomthonyama kumantla strong baphelelwe ngamandla kunye yazika.

Yemvelo indawo rich

Kwimigodi nezimbiwa okuhlola (oyile, irhasi) kukhokelela nemveliso omkhulu yeemveliso kokungcola. iingxaki zokusingqongileyo yasezinkqantosini Arctic izinto ezihambelanayo kuphela kuphuhliso lelizwe Arctic, kodwa uvela kwezinye iingingqi zingcolisi. Kuphela ukuhamba umlambo ukuya Arctic Ocean wazisa ambalwa ezilikhulu okulahlwayo zeoli inkunkuma. Ukulungiswa kwimihlaba ezingcolisekileyo ioli kummandla yemveliso idla kuphela Okusemthethweni.

Iingozi ziquka ukumosha nokuchitheka ngexesha gesi yayo. Ukongeza, eceleni yemveliso oyile - igesi methane, kwaye indima yayo ukufudumala kwehlabathi yeyabahlali.

abazingeli eyenzeke

Kwishishini le-oyile kwi Arctic izowuni Abazingeli kuza. Kwaye oku umzingeli, oye bafikela sleigh. Uphuhliso lwezibonelelo kwiindawo ezazifudula ezingaphuhliswanga - indlela yeemanyano ukuzingela. Kukho ubungqina bokuba ukuya ku 300 polar unezibizo ukuwa ngonyaka phantsi iimbumbulu of abangenamvume. utsalo ngokungemthetho whitefish kunye Intlanzi kwimimandla esezantsi yoMnayile Western eSiberia - kuphela isahlulo esincinci oko kuzisa iingxaki zokusingqongileyo entlango Russian arctic.

Ingxaki komhlaba

Bonisa ukuba ziphele umgangatho aphantsi komhlaba kwi Arctic - iimpembelelo yasekuhlaleni kuphuhliso oyile okanye ungcoliseko lwemilambo neelwandlekazi, akunakwenzeka. Noko ke, kule komhlaba Nenets Ukuzilawula District ziqulathe zesixa hydrocarbon petroleum, maxa wambi eli nani likhulu kune izinga izihlandlo ezilishumi.

Le nto ingadala nje kuphela iingxaki zokusingqongileyo ezinkqantosini Arctic Russian, kodwa yingozi emhlabeni wonke.

Gas kunye namafutha ezishelfini

kwetheknoloji yale mihla kufuneka wenze kube lula kwiinkampani amandla ukuze ufumane izibonelelo nonxweme. Zemvelo isandi alam, ngokuba uphuhliso amasimi offshore kuyingozi sele kwisigaba wokuhlola seismic, singasathethi ukuthuthwa ngu yokufunxa okanye ezisendleleni.

iingxaki kokonakaliswa entlango Russian arctic sele iqalile ngofakelo kweqonga zokomba "Prirazlomnaja" ( "Gazprom") kule ndawo prishelfnom kuLwandle Pechora.

Kwihlabathi akukho iindlela ezisebenzayo ukuze kweoli kwiimeko kumntla amaqondo aphantsi. Ngokutsho neengcali ngamazwe, ukuba ummandla wamanzi nge-10% igutyungelwe ngumkhenkce, ukucocwa mechanical kuthetha angasebenzi. Ukudumba ioli kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, umgama ukusuka amaqonga nemisinga ukunciphisa ioli kunokwenzeka iziphaza.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo kwe-Arctic entlango, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Iingxaki zophuhliso offshore zingaphelelanga. Enoba Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukhokelele ekubeni ukuvuza oyile (zicinywe yomkhenkce, umzekelo, ayithi), oko kuya kubangela nemiphumo emibi ngenxa abameli zehlabathi ophilileyo. platform ukubhola "Prirazlomnaja" lingaphantsi kwe-100 yeekhilomitha kumgca othe ngqo ukusuka Nenets Reserve kunye oovimba umdlalo eziliqela kubaluleke federal. Kwaye kukho imeko efanayo liyasetyenziswa kwezinye iinkalo igesi kunye neoli ezishelfini ze akhuselwe ngokukhethekileyo imimandla yendalo Russia.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo entlango arctic nenamathafa ukuba akuphelelanga kule mizekelo. I-Russian Federation kunye namazwe eziyinxalenye le Arctic Council (1996), ezinkulu-ngezinga imizamo ejoliswe sigcine i eziphila zisekhona ubukhulu becala esenjalo kuwo Arctic.