IZizwe Ezimanyeneyo Convention nxamnye Urhwaphilizo: ubunjalo kunye namathemba

YeZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN) idlala indima ebalulekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe ekulweni urhwaphilizo kumazwe amaninzi zomhlaba. Ukusombulula lo mba ngendlela mlonyeni nezinye iingxaki ezininzi engxamisekileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe ngulo mbutho ngamazwe. I-UN Convention nxamnye Urhwaphilizo inyathelo elilandelayo ekulweni lo mhlola mthetho, nto leyo ephazamisana uphuhliso ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo kwi-sikhokelo imarike free.

prehistory

Ngowe-2003, kwisixeko Mérida eMexico yabamba-kwinqanaba eliphezulu inkomfa lezopolitiko loMbutho weZizwe eziManyeneyo, phantsi esatyikitywa liqela kwi UN Convention nxamnye noRhwaphilizo kuqala. Le mini, Disemba 9 - umhla ekuqaleni nkomfa Mexican - waba Usuku Anti-Corruption esemthethweni.

I kanye UN Convention nxamnye noRhwaphilizo, yamkela kancinane ngaphambili - 31.10.2003. Esi sigqibo esaye yi- UN yiNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. Uninzi ithi bavumelana ngemfuno ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni le ngxaki. Ukusombulula le ngxaki kufuneka yentshukumo zayo yonke kwaye namanyathelo.

I-UN Convention nxamnye noRhwaphilizo wangena force kuphela ngo-2005 - emva kweentsuku ezingama-90 emva kokusayina uxwebhu ka 30 UN angamalungu. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yokuba i-UN - umbutho omkhulu ngamazwe, iindlela izigqibo wokwenza kakhulu ecothayo ngababuthuntu; ngoko nokuphunyezwa kwezibonelelo ezininzi kuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka.

imithetho

Kolu xwebhu, ezona ezichazwe iinkcukacha undoqo urhwaphilizo ngamazwe, iimpawu zalo ezisisiseko. Kwakhona isindululo ezithile yokulwa okuncothula urhwaphilizo. Iingcali UN aye avelisa isigama ngokusesikweni yaye yavumelana uluhlu amanyathelo ukuba iqela ngalinye State ukuya Convention, linyanzelekile ukuba ibonelele ukuze kuliwe urhwaphilizo.

I-Convention ikhankanya ngokweenkcukacha imigaqo ukuqeshwa kwamagosa karhulumente banikwa iingcebiso ngeenkonzo nokunikezela uluntu, ingxelo kunye neminye imiba emininzi enegalelo ukuba ubudlelwane karhulumente nawabucala selubala.

Ngubani usayine kanti

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi lwamalungu States abaye bangenela le UN Convention nxamnye Corruption.

Umdla ingakumbi iingcali ezininzi Inqaku la-20 ye-UN Convention wokulwa norhwaphilizo, elibhekisela ukutyebiseka zesini amagosa karhulumente. Inyaniso kukuba asingawo onke amazwe nemigangatho yezomthetho kunye nemithetho evumela ukuba asebenzise imimiselo yeli nqaku.

Iintsomi ezininzi uya eRashiya malunga ukuba kutheni Inqaku la-20 ye-UN Convention nxamnye noRhwaphilizo ayisebenzi. Ngokutsho abanye abagxeki, oko kwenziwa egameni kumaqela athile yimpembelelo, abangazange wayengafuni kuphulukana amandla nolawulo.

Noko ke, le iqiniso ingcaciso yomthetho - umxholo ichasene Inqaku la-20 loMgaqo-siseko, elibhekisela ngokukhukhumala-nyhuku. Ngaphezu koko, eRashiya akukho lisebenza kwezomthetho ezifana "uqiniso mthethweni". Konke oku xa enza kube nzima ukuphumeza imiqathango yalo Siqendu kummandla Russian Federation. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba uya kuhlala ngonaphakade. Ukongeza, le ndibano ethe meko enjalo - onke amalungiselelo indibano kufuneka wenziwe kuphela xa kukho ngumba ezisemthethweni kunye nomthetho.

Iinjongo Iinjongo

Eyona njongo ephambili ukuphelisa lo mhlola mthetho zorhwaphilizo, ekubeni kuchasene ngokupheleleyo imithetho-siseko yedemokhrasi nobudlelwane ezamahala kwimarike, kokubini phakathi States yaye phakathi kweenkampani ngamnye. Urhwaphilizo kuthiya uphuhliso kwiingingqi ezininzi kunye namazwe.

States abaye esayiniweyo izivumelwano xwebhu, bazimisele ukuba ukuchonga amatyala orhwaphilizo kwaye ulwe nabo. I-Convention UN lula intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe uzingela amatyala orhwaphilizo, kokubini kumazinga zengingqi nezehlabathi ngokubanzi.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zonke kweminyaka 2 labiza inkomfa ye States Amaqela kwi UN Convention nxamnye noRhwaphilizo, apho kukho ulwazi ngokubhekiselele kumanyathelo athatyathwe. Nxaxheba baxoxa malunga nokuphunyezwa ngempumelelo iingcebiso, ukuthatha izigqibo ezintsha kwintsebenziswano elizayo kunye kule ekulweni urhwaphilizo. Ngowe-2015, inkomfa yabanjwa eRashiya eSt Petersburg.