Izizwe zehlabathi. Uluhlu mlinganiselo

Uyazi ukuba bangaphi abantu ehlabathini? Mhlawumbi, bambalwa ngokuchanileyo ukuphendula lo mbuzo, nditsho phakathi abaphengululi nababhali-mbali. isikhundla 194 zehlabathi eRashiya yedwa (uluhlu eqhubekile). Bonke abantu ehlabathini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, kwaye le nto inzuzo enkulu.

yokwahlukanisa jikelele

Kakade ke, bonke abanomdla idatha oluninzi. Ukuba kuqokelela zonke izizwe zehlabathi, uluhlu alupheli. Kakhulu lula mabazihlele ngokwemiqathango ethile. Okokuqala, oko kwenziwa kuxhomekeke ulwimi oluthethwa ngabantu phakathi kwintsimi enye, okanye izithethe ezithile zenkcubeko. Ngakumbi ngokubanzi kudidi - iintsapho ulwimi.

Apha baya kufumana lula. Konke oku ukuba abe kweli hlabathi, ukuba iintsapho ulwimi 20. Ezi ziquka izizwe ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi (ngaphandle Russia). Uluhlu yokuhlelwa ngokubanzi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. I-European Indo-iilwimi. Bathetha ulwimi efanayo iintlanga 150 ngubani rasbrosany phantse yonke Asia naseYurophu. Abemi ngu 2,8 milliard abantu.
2. Iqela lesibini - usapho Sino-Tibetan. Kuba phantse bonke abemi China kunye lokusila ezikufutshane. Xa iyonke kukho 1.4 milliard abantu beli qela.
3. usapho Afro-Asia uhlanganisa bonke abantu Arab kunye neentlanga of South-West Asia kunye naseMntla Afrika.
4. Niger-Kordofanian usapho - ukuba phantse zonke iintlanga Central kunye Southern Africa.

Ifudusiwe ukutyhubela iinkulungwane

Zonke iintlanga, enoba yintoni ibali yakhe yonke indlela uzama ukubonisa ukuba ookhokho babo wakha kwenqaba yaseBhabheli. Ngamnye uMdal ukucinga ukuba sinxulumene iingcambu, leyo zivela amaxesha akude. Kodwa kukho iintlanga zamandulo zehlabathi (ezikolu luhlu luqhotyoshelweyo), imvelaphi kokubhalwa kwembali yayo asithandabuzi ukuba nabani na.

1. Koysantsy. Akumangalisi, olu hlanga malochislenny Afrika ehlabathini yeyona mandulo. Zofuzo aba bantu, izazinzulu ziye zafumana DNA nezikhethekileyo yahlukile nayiphi na enye. Abantu beli. Iminyaka ngaphezulu kwe-100 lamawaka.
2. Basques. (9-10 amawaka. BC. OE). Zizo ezo yokuqala Indo-baseYurophu bafika kummandla Europe oko akuyishiyi ukuya kutsho namhlanje.
3. IsiTshayina (4-5 amawaka. BC. E.). Eli ziko ihlabathi lwempucuko wazalwa ngomhla ngasechwebeni kwiYellow koMlambo, kunye kakhulu iintlanga zehlabathi (kuluhlu see) uziquke.
4. Asiriya (4-3 amawaka. BC. E.). Ubukhosi lokuqala embalini yoluntu kuthathwa-Asiriya, nokuba aba bantu kwindawo yesine.
5. Ethiopia (3 amawaka. BC. E.). Nkqu amaYiputa ayekholelwa zabo izinyanya zabo.
6. WamaJuda (2-1 amawaka. BC. E.). abantu Amazing, ngubani kangangamawaka eminyaka waba ummandla wayo elizimeleyo, kodwa ikwazile ukugcina amasiko nenkcubeko.

iintlanga ezinkulu

On Earth, abantu abaninzi ezinkulu, ezinye iingcambu zembali. Umzekelo, iintlanga 330 lwehlabathi, uniko manani kwesigidi abantu. Ke aba, apho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-100 (ngamnye) - nje lishumi elinanye. Qwalasela uluhlu beentlanga yabantu emhlabeni:

1. Chinese - million 1.17 zabantu.
2. Hindustanis - million 265 abantu.
3. Bengalis - million 225 abantu.
4. American (USA) - million 200 abantu.
5. Abase - million 175 abantu.
6. Russian - Abantu million 140.
7. Japanese - million 125 abantu.
8. Punjabis - million 115 abantu.
9. Biharis - 115 yezigidi zabantu.
10. EMexico - million 105 abantu.
11. Isi-Javanese - million 105 abantu.

Umanyano Diversity

Enye inkalo yokuhlela ekuvumela ukuba umahluko phakathi abemi behlabathi, na iintlanga ezinkulu ezintathu. It abaseAfrika, Mongoloid kunye Negroid. Abanye ababhali-mbali Western, izazi ziye kancinane ngakumbi, kodwa ubuhlanga isengoyena intsimbi evela ezintathu eziphambili.

Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje kukho inani elikhulu ludume zoqhagamshelwano. Oku kwakhokelela ekubeni yokuba kukho iintlanga ezintsha zehlabathi. Olu luhlu okwangoku zesayensi, kuba nokuhlelwa ngokuchanekileyo kungabikho namnye wenza. Nantsi imizekelo embalwa. iintlanga phambene isuka indlela elisetyenziswa ngayo amanye amasebe North Caucasians kunye North Mongoloids. bonke abantu lesiqithi South Asian yavela bubudlelwane Mongoloids kunye Australoids.

amaqela ezisengozini uhlanga

On Earth, kukho abantu behlabathi (uluhlu oluqhotyoshelweyo), uniko manani abantu amakhulu. Oku amaqela ezisengozini uhlanga abazama ukugcina ungubani yabo.

1. ELiwa. Ukuhlala e Latvia ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-12. Ngoku akukho abameli ngaphezulu kwama-280. Xa yokuba nkqu ulwimi lomthonyama, kodwa ngoku ulibele.
2. Tsaatans. E Mongolia bakholelwa ukuba kuphela iqela uhlanga ukuba yasinda imfihlelo yokwenene nemimoya. Funda kunokuba ibe ngomnye wabantu 200.
3. Cocopa. Indawo awazalelwa kuyo esizweni - umda phakathi Mexico nase-United States. Abameli amancinci - malunga nama-300 abantu.
4. abantu Huaorani. Abantu le ndlu bahlala Ecuador. ukukhula Okumangalisayo low. Nkqu amadoda mkhulu 150 cm.
5. Mursi. Isizwe esimnyama-Afrika, nto leyo ingafunyanwa kwi umlebe asezantsi kwandiswa. Le yokuhlala ali-7.5 amawaka. Man.
6. Nenets. Aba bantu baziwa kakuhle eRashiya. Kodwa ke, yeha, uhlobo olungumxube labemi kukhokelela kutshatyalaliso epheleleyo lwamaxabiso kwakudala. Kukho 45 kuphela amawaka. Man.
7. Ladakhi. Abantu kuphela ehlabathini, Umkhwa ukushumayela (Umfazi xa athe amadoda ambalwa). Xa ezintabeni Tibet wahlala ngamawaka-50. Man.

iziphumo

Le mbono "abantu" Inokuchazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye baphikise ukuba abantu ngaphakathi kurhulumente, ngoxa abanye baya kugxininisa inyaniso kukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba abantu baphile, okoko nje ezinye izinto zabo idibene ezixhaphakileyo ezichaza kubo bephuma imvelaphi zembali. Kanti abanye bacinga ukuba abantu - eli qela yobuhlanga, leyo likhona iinkulungwane, kodwa zingacimeka iminyaka. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, bonke abantu ehlabathini zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaye ifundwe kumnandi.