Kuza kwenzeka ntoni na Ukraine, apho ukwakha "Nord Stream-2"?

2019 ezicwangcisiweyo kokugunyaziswa irhasi yombhobho "Nord Stream-2". Imbali kokwakhiwa mngxilo yokuqala yale emendweni ingqina ukuba lo gama kuya kuhlangatyezwana, ingakumbi njengoko projekthi ibandakanya ukongeza "Gazprom" uye iinkampani ezazimalunga nesithandathu banomdla kakhulu kwi ukukwazi yokumpompa igesi yendalo ukusuka eRashiya ukuya eYurophu. Imiphumo yale iziganeko akonwabi. Supply kubathengi uya kubiza nokuba nethembeke ngakumbi, kodwa kukho kwakhona sisiphumo - amazwe sendleleni abachaphazelekayo, ngoku ufumana ingeniso alunakuqinisekiswa, yaye oku. Ngokukodwa, bekuya kuba phantse okungeyomfuneko kwinkqubo yezothutho igesi Ukrainian.

imbali ixabiso

Iminyaka emininzi, Ukraine wafumana igesi Russian yendalo phantse ngexabiso ifuzisela malunga $ 50 cubic metres lamawaka, ukuba ilizwe ukuze banandiphe amalungelo amaninzi. Iindleko zemveliso kwamashishini-eneji olunzulu ukwenza umahluko kwimarike ukukhuphisana, yaye abemi ehlawulwa kwi-counter kancinane, nangona kakuhle ulonwabo lwakhe ngoko. Emva koko kwafika 'ixesha-orenji ", yaye kwenziwa iinzame isantya iifizi ixabiso lohambo koko, ukwanda, oko kukuthi ukuzisa ubudlelwane kwezoqoqosho" kwimilinganiselo engenamkhethe ehlabathini. " Kulo mzekelo, olunyuswe ukuzithemba wabetheka iintloko embalwa Kiev befuna inguqulelo ukusuka Russian zibe ngezaphulelo Ukrainian, okanye nje, ngaphandle nayiphi na impikiswano. Nokuba kukho imfuneko yokucacisa ukuba zonke iinzame ezifana bubangele ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, ngokuqhelekileyo kabini logama nje Tymoshenko akayi ebengekazukiswa isayinwe isivumelwano sakhe. Ukususela ngoko, ubudlelwane phakathi eRashiya Ukraine malunga igesi baye baba ngokufanayo kunye lonke elaseYurophu, leyo ilingana ngokupheleleyo.

Bandwidth kwaye zingumthwalo Ukrainian GTS

inkqubo yezothutho igesi Ukrainian ezikhuphile baninzi nje enye njengelifa uqalekisiwe Ngoku ngabasemagunyeni zangaphambili eSoviet. main index Its - bandwidth, okt isixa imveliso ngokusebenzisa "umbhobho 'ukuba ngomtshini ngonyaka ngakwicala ntshonalanga. Kuyinto 288 ezigidi. Cube. m ngonyaka ngamnye, ukwakha inkqubo yesikali Soviet. Amandla kangangoko GTS abakhange lolayisho, ngoko ngo-2007 yawela-115, yaye ngowe-1012 81 billion kuphela cubic metres. m. Kutshanje, kwabhengezwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba impumelelo enkulu, ukwandisa umthamo ngo-2015 nge-7.9% xa kuthelekiswa ne kwixesha lokunika ingxelo langaphambili. Ngokwamanani ubuninzi, babengama-64,14 billion. Cubic metres, dibanisa enye. Moldova 2,92 billion (yaye, ngokucacileyo, Transnistria, kakhulu). Eli nani kubalulekile ukuba ukuhlola amathuba "Nord Stream-2".

Umbhobho nje isixhobo

Kiev kudla ababangcikive eMoscow, yaye kufuneka ahlawule irhafu, hayi kuphela emva kokuba Maidan, kodwa elide ngaphambili, kuba isebenzisa irhasi yendalo nje isixhobo. Kakade ke, yayingeyiyo malunga abanombono ngolo wayitshisa ndibuqonde ezizizembiwa blue ovuthuzayo, idangatye, le nkulumo ngokomfanekiso. Yithini, ezo mazwe ziphantsi kwiqula Russian, ioli buthengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi, kunye nezinye, efuna ngandlela zonke ukuba ekukruqulayo ummelwane, oko kukuthi, ndiyayithabatha umendo kwedemokhrasi Western, loo ozikhethayo abakunikwanga. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba ububi, nabezopolitiko ezininzi zaseYurophu (singasathethi ke leNdlu yeeNgwevu American kunye nomongameli) wabiza eMoscow ukuba benze izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kwaye kungcono ukwenza ngolunye uhlobo. Kodwa nelembande, njengoko kanti, nazo zingasetyenziswa njenge isixhobo. Njengoko kucacile evela kwingxelo kuMlawuli woPhuhliso "Naftogaz Ukraine" uYuri Vitrenko on December 30, 2015, wathi "Gazprom" lothutho ebhatalwa kancinci, yaye ngenxa yoko izinga kufuneka avuswe. kathathu. Head of Kyïv ebizwa isigqibo "impendulo eyaneleyo" ukuba "imizamo ixesha elide," inkampani Russian yokucima Ukraine.

Noko ke, iingxaki zibe kwixesha elidlulileyo, kunye Yushchenko kunye Kuchma.

"Ummandla Hot"

Enyanisweni, naseYurophu, naseRashiya akayithandi ubukho endleleni umlamleli esisi, ingakumbi xa iba shushu kule ndawo. Gas - impahla Iziqhushumbi, kudinga zokumpompa lobushushu ezolileyo kwaye efanelekileyo. Ukuba ukudubula kumbhobho, yenza ethile inkxalabo, zombini umthumeli umamkeli. Kungenxa yoku kwaye nolusizi ingcamango ukwakha yokuqala "Nord Stream 'kude indawo kuyingozi. Ekuqaleni, le projekthi Ukraine ngenxa yesizathu esithile ingqalelo a eBluff, kodwa lwakwakhiwa yombhobho ngokukhawuleza. Ngoku nantsi isebe yesibini icetyelwe, kungekhona nje ngamazwi. Yaba ingcinga kunye "South Stream 'ukuba walala phantsi kuLwandle Black, kodwa azikakhuli kunye. Relations kunye eTurkey ziye zehla, ukwenza ngaphandle apha, ewe, kulungile. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuhlola inani kwakhona okugqiba.

umthamo design

Kuba ukwakhiwa 'Northern umlambo 2 "ukhandwa Joint Stock Company European New lwemibhobho AG, nto leyo ibandakanya inkampani BASF / Wintershall, Shell, E.ON, OMV (kunye packs ezilishumi ngalinye), ENGIE (9%), kwaye ilungu ulawulo" Gazprom " (i-51%). Umthamo mali eyenziwe - 9 billion 900 million euro ... Isivumelwano iNxaxheba ungene ngemvume Vladivostok ngoSeptemba 4 kunyaka ophelileyo kwi Forum Economic East. Olukhupha amandla mbhobho (imigca emi-2) 55 ezigidi. Cube. m ngonyaka ngamnye, 28.7% yabo unikezelo lilonke inkxalabo "Gazprom" eYurophu ngalo mzuzu. Lifikile ixesha lokuba ukhumbule ngemfano nomthamo inkqubo yezothutho igesi Ukrainian ye zokumpompa ngo-2015, nto nje abangaphezu kwezigidi 67. Cubic metres. m. Musa Ungakhathazeki, kusekho elinambini million, ngakumbi.

Square igesi

Ngaphambi kokuba isithuba Prime Minister Yatsenyuk ezidweliswe kokoyisa kwakhe ( "peremogy"), elinye lawo yaba kukuyeka ukuxhomekeka gas. Ukuqamba kuye eli xesha, awukwazi sisingcikivo, amafutha kunye nokuba ngaphezulu zithengiwe eRashiya, kodwa ngokwenene ngaphantsi kakhulu. Yenziwe le japan emangalisayo ngeendlela ezimbini, yaye zombini ilula kakhulu. Okokuqala, unikezelo ngoku "Yiza ngomuva", okt ukuya emva, emva. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-EU uyithengile kodwa igesi lingapheli aqukuqela kwakhona waya kummandla Ukraine, mhlawumbi nje sokumpompa yokugcina Ukrainian (kutheni drive yakhe-apha?). Kule "Akukho iithegi" (kwakhona Yatsenyuk nombhali aphorism), kwaye ezifana ukujonga kwilizwe imvelaphi akusekho kunokwenzeka, nangona yonke into icacile kunjalo, apho amafutha. Okwesibini, ukusetyenziswa yancitshiswa kakhulu. Kodwa ke maningakuvuyeli ikufanele.

ukusetyenziswa Ukunciphisa Ukrainian

kwiminyaka Ukuba emithathu eyadlulayo Ukraine liyadla 70 ezigidi. Cube. eziimitha gas ngonyaka ngamnye, ngoku kabini ngaphantsi. Hayi, oku ngenxa yokuvezwa kobuchwepheshe ezonga umbane kunye nokusetyenziswa iindlela zemveliso nokusingqongileyo "green" (nangona kwezinye iimeko baye). Yonke into ilula kakhulu. Ukunciphisa amandla imfuno mveliso eyabangelwa yile ntlekele kwezoqoqosho mihla le nangenxa yokudodobala ngokuxhaphaka kwicandelo yokwenene. Ngoko kunye ubusika ke athi lithamsanqa, babenothando. It ngokwenene kuthathelwa ingqalelo i inkululeko yokwenene. Ukuba into ayikho kuyimfuneko, kuhle. Logama nje umntu esempilweni, abaselula ugcwele amandla, kuba sonke kufuneka - zokutyela, iimoto, uhambo, nice, nangona kakhulu isidlo esisempilweni neziselo bade ezinxilisayo, abanye yimbi, kunye nezipho ukwenza oyithandayo. Kwaye ukuba umntu omdala, okanye usifa, okanye zombini, ukuze yonke into akusafuneki, kungabizi, isithambiso elincinane ingqolowa phezu kwamanzi ama anzongonzongo kakhulu. Savings!

A bit elincinane yekamva

Kwaye ngoku ungazama ukwenza engqondweni ukuhamba emva ababhali zamabali kwixesha elizayo, kude kangaka, Noko ke, ngo-2019, oko kukuthi, ngexesha apho ukwakhiwa yombhobho iza kuphela, "North Stream-2". ukubangisana wokwandisa Ukraine ugqiba umgquba, iinkuni sele ziphelile, kwaye icandelo iphelile. Lo mthombo yokugqibela yomvuzo, oko kukuthi, ukuba sendleleni, ndidiniwe. Kuba elinesibini intsalela yezigidi cubic metres zinokuzisa umrhumo kusekho izihlandlo ezithathu, kodwa loo nto kuba lula. Igesi akagushiwe eYurophu, apho abasekho niboleke uhlawule nto. picture obukhulu ke ezikhatshwa avuthayo Khreshchatyk, nto leyo nayo yinja. Ndinqwenela ukuba umntu wakhuthaza ...