Kwemida kobunini karhulumente emhlabeni: umthetho federal

Ngokuhambelana nomthetho Russian, ubunini karhulumente bomhlaba ukuze ingafani phakathi kwamaqumrhu federal, zommandla kamasipala. Njani na indlela? Yiyiphi imithetho elawula zomthetho nezobudlelwane ezihambelana kuyo?

Yintoni eyona -hlukeneyo kwempahla karhulumente emhlabeni?

Loo inkqubo njengomhlaba ukwahlukanisa karhulumente ngokwemveli omnye kakhulu nzima kungekuphela nje ngokwembono ukusekwa kunye nesicelo ummiselo womthetho, kodwa ngokwemiqathango yempembelelo iinkqubo zentlalo nezoqoqosho. Okubuhlungu yimibuzo okuluphawu kukho mahluko efanelekileyo, Vuka xa kufikwa imfuneko ukuchonga amagunya ezithile kwabasemagunyeni ngokubhekiselele kulawulo komhlaba, kwakunye nokumisela kwisakhono namanye amaqumrhu asemthethweni, ezifana noomasipala, kufuneka ngokomthetho ukwenza imisebenzi kummandla wolawulo kungakhathaliseki evela kurhulumente.

Yintoni na le nkqubo - ukuba ndibe ngumzekelo lobunini karhulumente komhlaba? Yena esekwe imithetho Russian Federation umyalelo ekudluliseni emazweni ezahlukeneyo kwipropati;

• uhulumeni;
• izifundo RF;
• mandla zendawo.

imimandla nokwabiwa nto iya kubhalwa ngexesha isishicilelo igunya kwenza isigqibo sokunikwa yeyelenqe umhlaba ipropati isifundo esithile. Ngokwesiseko izigqibo ezifanelekileyo uya kukhutshwa ezahlukeneyo amaxwebhu asemthethweni, afana ubungqina bobumnini.

Njengomgaqo, kwemida karhulumente-emhlabeni oluqhutywa apho ulwazi malunga ndawo ziboniswe kwi-inventri yesikolo. njani ukufumana olu lwazi? Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa resource? njenge imaphu cadastral yoluntu. Funda iimpawu zayo zolwimi ngokunabileyo.

Ukusebenzisa imephu cadastral yoluntu: bokuqonda

Liqwalasela ngezibonelelo ebekwe kwi website kwiRejista State Russian. It wadalwa becala ngenxa imfuneko ukubonelela ngamathuba anika abemi kunye nemibutho ukufumana ulwazi ichanekileyo njengoko ixesha kumhlaba eye ecandwe ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho, okanye kwintsimi eziyinxalenye abo okanye ezinye ubuhlobo ziye zasasazwa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba imaphu uluntu cadastral Rosreestra ayiboneleli ngolwazi malunga abanini kwiindawo ezithile. Kodwa likuvumela ukuba wenze ukuqinisekisa ukuba siza ebhaliswe kwirejista yoluntu ngaphakathi kwemida ethile, kwaye wenza imisebenzi ethile.

Ukusetyenziswa kwekhadi ekuthethwa yenza kube lula, kuqala, ukonga ixesha, ophambi imbonakalo lwemvelaphi ahambelanayo kubantu ngabanye nakwimibutho ngokufuthi kwafuneka ukuba achithe ukusebenzisana ngqo kunye nomelo indawo Rosreestra ukuba kumiselwe imida kunye nobume kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuphunyezwa nobudlelwane phakathi kwamagunya kunye nezinye bemidlalo kwimeko kunokwenzeka, ukuba amalungelo empahla hayi ziboniswe kwiirejista ezifanelekileyo. Kwakhona Iindawo zokulahla kunokwenzeka, ezo nto ecandwe ngokuhambelana kunye nenkqubo lusekiwe. Makhe sifunde kule nkalo zolwimi ngokunzulu.

ubudlelwane Legal ukuba akukho kwemida lobunini imo ilizwe elo: bokuqonda

Ngoko ke, ukuba nemida karhulumente-emhlabeni angabhalwanga kwaphunyezwa, ukulahlwa macandelo afanelekileyo kusenjalo kunokwenzeka. Ngokwesiqhelo, le ikhutshwa phandle ngabasemagunyeni kamasipala. Ukongeza, ukuba iziza zifumaneka kwiindawo zoluntu awanalo iwonga neziko yolawulo Russian Federation okanye lingumxholo elikomkhulu, ngoko ukulahla kubo olwenziwa ngoomasipala, ngaphandle kokuba ngenye indlela ngokucacileyo ezimiselwe ngumthetho phezu kwinqanaba lengingqi. Ngenxa yoko, imithetho zikwazi ukuthathwa kwimimandla eRashiya, njengako apho nerazgranichennaya ubunini zikarhulumente mhlaba ke uya kuba kulahlwe izakhiwo igunya lolawulo kwimimandla.

Njengokuba kuphawuliwe amagqwetha, ukutshintshwa igunya akusoloko ezinento yokwenza nomyalelo amacandelo kulo mzekelo, oko sikhatshwe ukugqithiselwa umnini imisebenzi kwiindawo ezithile. Ngoko ke, eli lizwe ukuba lo propati ubume nerazgranichennoy isenokuba isifundo yonxulumano zomthetho. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko apho ubunini kwintsimi ezifanelekileyo ongabhaliswanga, ngoko ukulahla kubo mhlawumbi kunjalo kuthwalelwa phandle. Umzekelo, kwimeko zomthetho nezobudlelwane of ukuthenga nokuthengisa okanye ingqesho.

Kufuneka kwakhona Makusoloko kukhunjulwa ukuba uxanduva lokulawula ilizwe, ngokungabi ubume umahluko ingavezwa ukutshintshwa omnye okanye esinye isifundo nawuphi na umsebenzi lolawulo, abasoloko sikhatshwe ukufunyanwa zesifundo idatha ilungelo lobunini kwintsimi enjalo.

Indlela umhlaba karhulumente ngokwemida ulawule nezithethe ezithile amalungelo. Siza kufunda iimpawu zazo.

Kucaciswe imiyinge ubunini bomhlaba: ummiselo olumisiweyo

Ngo-2002, abasemagunyeni baseRashiya baye umthetho federal, ekuthi ngawo iikhrayitheriya lucalulo belizwe yeekhosi seyikhethiwe kwabo isicelo impahla amaqumrhu federal, zommandla kamasipala. Ukongeza, urhulumente yamkela isigqibo, ekuthi ngawo imigaqo evunyiweyo ukulungiswa kunye nolungelelaniso lwezintlu nemimandla apho izakhiwo federal, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala iza kuvela ilungelo ipropati ngokomthetho.

Njengoko amagqwetha, ezi zenzo esemthethweni Oku engasebenziyo, ngenxa yokuba yanika iinkqubo ngokucaciswa ipropati emhlabeni esibonakala zintsonkothe kunye nexesha. Ngokukodwa, izifundo engena kubudlelwane ilizwe, kuyimfuneko ukuba okokuqala zonke ukunika ixesha elininzi ukulungiselela uluhlu imimandla. La maxwebhu kamva kwafuneka kuthunyelwa kurhulumente Russian, babe ke sele belinda lokutshekisha nemiyalelo nokususwa ekuhambeni ngabasemagunyeni. ubhaliso Property lwaqhutywa ngokusekelwe kumthombo onjalo yomthetho, njengoko isenzo karhulumente emhlabeni, epapashwe nguRhulumente Russian Federation. Ukongeza, kuba kwisiza ngasinye ziqukwe kuluhlu, idale ityala apho kwakukho ezahlukeneyo amaxwebhu ezingqina wihi yokwenza indawo efanelekileyo kuluhlu. Ukuziqhelisa, le nkqubo singathatha iinyanga malunga 7-9.

Ezi ntsilelo komthetho, ngokungqinelana ngayo delimit nobunini karhulumente federal bomhlaba, yommandla kamasipala, kwathiwa yenzelwe ukujongana izimilo-sikhokelo apho umthetho omtsha ligqithise. Kumalunga isenzo olumisiweyo ngayo kwiPalamente lazise iinguqu ezithile ukuze Code Ilizwe Russian Federation, kwakunye nemithetho elawula ubhaliso karhulumente le izindlu. Lo mthombo efanelekileyo umthetho wangena force ngo-2006 yaye irhoxisiwe lowo wavunywa ngo-2002.

Phantsi komthetho omtsha, umhlaba ongokarhulumente, kwaba lula ukwahlula phakathi nkqubo lula. Ukuba sithethe malunga izilungiso imithombo komthetho amandla, ukuze kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho norm ingakumbi yahluzwa kubonakala umthetho nobhaliso amalungelo kwilifa ngokwenene, ngokungqinelana ne apho ukungena kolwazi malunga ndawo delineates kwiirejista karhulumente.

Ngoko ke, imithombo iphambili umthetho olawula inkqubo umbuzo, - i-Code Ilizwe Russian Federation, kwakunye isenzo olawula ubhaliso engundoqo karhulumente olumisiweyo amalungelo kwipropati engashukumiyo kunye nokuba isimo umthetho federal.

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele izikhokelo ezingundoqo kule mithombo yomthetho zolwimi ngokunzulu. Ngoko ke, ungenza ukuhlola oko amaxwebhu ezisetyenziswa kubudlelwane zomthetho esicaciswe apho iintlobo ezithile zobumnini karhulumente komhlaba.

Bhalisa ubunini bomhlaba: amaxwebhu

Uxwebhu oluphambili ngokwesiseko apho unikezelo imimandla phakathi izifundo ezithile, ingxelo kuthetha kugunyaziwe olawulayo kwinqanaba elithile, umasipala okanye ubuso ngaphandle ethe egunyaziswe, umzekelo ngenxa ngokomyalelo. Eli gunya kufuneka zibonise isiseko ekudalweni ekunene kwi negunya federal, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala lokuba le okanye elo kwisiqwenga somhlaba. Kubhaliwe kumaxwebhu ekufuneka ukongeza kwingxelo sibonile. Olu luhlu luvela kwi isigqibo eyahlukileyo kurhulumente.

Ngoko ke, ukuba isiseko ubhaliso bobunini phambi kummandla yempahla fanele ngokusemthethweni kule okanye kweso sifundo, isiphathamandla esinegunya kufuneka amaxwebhu setayitile kwisakhiwo ithunyelwe. Kwakhona, ungafuna iziphumo zemeko ixabiso cadastral kumazwe eliboniswe kwisicwangciso ezizodwa, nto leyo engqina ukuba indawo lezakhiwo kwingingqi ethile.

Ngenxa yoko, ukuba isiseko enza njengoko ukutshintshwa komhlaba kwezinye abasemagunyeni, kuya kuba amaxwebhu isihloko kuyimfuneko intsimi, kwakunye nesicwangciso cadastral ndawo.

Ngokubanzi, imithetho ye-Russian Federation akuthethi ukuncedisa ezi mithombo kunye nayiphi na enye. Ezi zintlu - abazidlayo hetiseka kwamaxwebhu - zingathathwa ngokuba alupheli.

nemithetho Russian elawula ukwabiwa iziza ilizwe elo abasemagunyeni federal, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala, ukuchaza imiqathango reference imimandla ukuya impahla ingangumsebenzi wesakhono kwisifundo esithile. Xiya iinkcukacha ezincinane.

Imigaqo nokwabiwa komhlaba

Ngokuhambelana kunye nezibonelelo ze-Code Land of Russia, imiqathango reference kwamacandelo awohlukeneyo ukuze impahla amaqumrhu federal, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala:

• indawo kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo izakhiwo ezivela enye okanye ezinye izakhiwo kwi ekunene kwipropati;
• ngokubonelela sites abasemagunyeni ezithile, urhulumente okanye kamasipala amashishini, ii-NGO.

Ukongeza, lo umthetho neminye imiqathango yobudlelwane omthetho kungachazwa, ngawo.

Le elandelayo Eyona ukuphunyezwa imithombo umthetho olawula indlela urhulumente wezwe mayibe nokulandeleka nobunini mhlaba, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala, - iikhrayitheriya zokuhlela iindawo, enyanisweni, kwabo eJiputa sibe izakhiwo zikarhulumente, kwakunye kudluliselwa koomasipala.

Ziziphi iindawo ingaba impahla Federal?

Inqanaba eliphezulu kwamandla karhulumente Russian Federation - Federal. Ngokuhambelana kunye nezibonelelo ze-Code Land, ukuba ezi ndidi zilandelayo karhulumente ubunini kunganxulunyaniswa ilizwe federal:

• izwe okuhlala izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo ezivela izakhiwo yase ilungelo lobunini;
• indawo walungiselela amagunya karhulumente, ukumelwa kwabo zendawo, amashishini karhulumente, kwakunye NGO, zenziwe ngabasemagunyeni zoorhulumente bazo;
• amanxuwa zisebenza lomgadi Academy of Sciences, kwakunye nezakhiwo zawo owayamileyo - xa intlawulo uqhutywe phambi kokuba bangene amandla kwimithombo ezahlukeneyo umthetho olawula ubume lwazi data;
• ummandla, nto leyo waqeshisa inkampani "Iindlela Russian" yi ligunya elinobuchule.

Inqanaba elilandelayo samandla Russian Federation - i yengingqi. ngamaziko afanelekileyo ukuze bafumane umhlaba.

Ziziphi iindawo kungaba kwipropati yengingqi?

Kwinqanaba lobunini imo belizwe imimandla - xa intlawulo kumxholo amandla ngokungqinelana nomthetho - ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• umhlaba, izakhiwo kunye namaziko, ziphantsi kumagunya engingqi ilungelo lobunini;
• kwiindawo apho ezidluliselwe amaqumrhu karhulumente kwimimandla Russian, amashishini okanye NGOs kwenziwa kwinqanaba lengingqi;
• iindawo ezinxulumene kumhlaba wokulima apha, yile iindlela, unxibelelwano ezahlukeneyo, ziindawo zokutyala ukuze kukhuselwe imimandla ukusuka imiphumela emibi, ngokunjalo amanzi - ngaphandle imimandla ehambelana ukuya khona, ukuba ilungu le federal, amaziko kamasipala, abantu okanye imibutho.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ukudluliselwa somhlaba ubunini imizi yase i-Russian Federation isekelwe phezu isicelo imithetho ebekwe yi zombini abasemagunyeni yase kanye lommandla: kolawulo amalungiselelo athile umthetho isicelo kummandla apho kukho izinto ezithile kummandla imizi yase .

Inqanaba elilandelayo samandla Russian Federation - zikaMasipala. Izakhiwo ezihambelana kuyo, ukuze bafumane umhlaba.

Ziziphi iindawo ingaba impahla kamasipala?

Ngenxa yoko, siye sahlolisisa amatyala apho umhlaba ongokarhulumente-zezi - ezinikiweyo iyantlukwano yabo nkqubo ikhankanyiweyo ngumthetho kwinqanaba federal okanye lommandla. Ngenxa yoko, oomasipala ukuba lisebenze ngokusemthethweni ngokuzimela-arhente zikarhulumente.

Le kwemida kobunini karhulumente umhlaba ubunini kurhulumente wengingqi badluliselwe:

• iindawo apho kuhlala izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo eziphantsi ngoomasipala;
• intsimi leyo zinikwa kwabasemagunyeni, amashishini kamasipala okanye NGOs obuyiyile kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Ukutshintshelwa komhlaba kunye nefuthe lomthetho yangaphambili

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Code Land lilawula ngokwahlukileyo indlela apho ubunini karhulumente emida ukuba amaqela ilizwe zomthetho uthenge efanelekileyo ngokungqinelana nomthetho esebenzayo de kwango-2006. Kulo mzekelo, ngaphambili ekhutshwe nguRhulumente Russian Federation izenzo uqinisekisa izintlu ngamaziko kwi abasemagunyeni federal, kwingingqi okanye kamasipala kukho ilungelo lobunini, kufuneka kuthathwe ngokuba izizathu ubhaliso karhulumente bobunini imimandla achaphazelekayo.