Kwemisebenzi amandla ayo

ingqesho epheleleyo akuthethi 100% yengqesho inani lilonke labantu eyomeleleyo omdala. Kukho ngqesho, uthathwa ukuba kugwetyelwa, okanye eqhelekileyo.

Izinga lentswela uchazwa njengepesenti abangaphangeliyo labantu eyomeleleyo, ezo musa ziquka umhlala, abafundi, amabanjwa, yaye abemi kwiminyaka eli-16, eli kwezemisebenzi, kuquka abantu abanenxaxheba emkhosini. Xa umsebenzi ngqesho ngokupheleleyo ngokulinganayo ungquzulwano yokunqaba kwemisebenzi kwi-mali, ngamanye amazwi Izinga yemvelo ngqesho, nto leyo iseti yokunqaba kwemisebenzi kunye frictional, izinga lentswela kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo uzinzo kwezoqoqosho, xa inqanaba kulindeleke inflation rate elivumelana elililo, yaye xa imveliso neyona yesizwe kwi umonakalo yendalo.

Le Dynamics izinga lentswela, lutshintsho efunyanwa ngokuthelekisa izinga kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo. Utshintsho kwizinga ngqesho sihlobene ngqo nemiba ye-GDP. 2% ukunyuka kweyangoku i umthamo GNP kunciphisa i-1% izinga lentswela, kwaye Kwelinye icala, izinga lentswela sokukhula nge-1% ngokunciphisa nelona GNP 2%. Ngoko ke, ukungaphangeli isimo endalo kwimalike yabasebenzi, kodwa wavumela ukuhla yalo rate yendalo.

umthamo imveliso ngqesho wovandlakanyo alisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo yaye isixa-mali ka-GDP, ngokulandelelana, ngaphantsi oko kwakuya kuba ingqesho epheleleyo.

Phakathi umsantsa GDP kunye nokungazinzi koqoqosho ngqesho A. Oukenom empirically wafumana unxibelelwano ngqo, oluthembekileyo. UMthetho Okun ibonisa ukuzalana okukhoyo phakathi nesiqingatha-wamkela nomthamo GDP nentswela-ngqesho.

Ngqesho engqesho amanqanaba zizalathisi ezibalulekileyo kuqoqosho ezibonakalisa ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho nkqubo kulandelwa ngurhulumente. ulawulo urhulumente amanyathelo asemthethweni, uqoqosho, ulawulo kunye lombutho oluxandileyo, ijoliswe ekufezekiseni ukusebenza yemveliso ngokuncama zengqesho yexesha elizeleyo wenziwe. Ukunyusa umgangatho yengqesho, uphumeza ulawulo karhulumente ukuba zemakethi yabasebenzi kunye nengqesho. Ukongeza ifuthe ngqo kwi kwimarike yemisebenzi, urhulumente yaye kusetyenziswa iindlela ngqo, kumgaqo-nkqubo H., Monetary, irhafu kunye ukuphelwa lixabiso Vol..

Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba phakathi engqesho kwamaxabiso, kukho ingxelo, ngamanye amazwi, olu lwalamano usebenza kwinqanaba ixabiso jikelele kunye nokungasebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba inflation - amaqampu kwamaxabiso, ngamanye amazwi - ukuhla kwamandla nokuthengwa zeyunithi emali, ukuphelwa lixabiso layo. Ke nokonyuka kwamaxabiso kunokwenzeka ukuba isantya sokukhula unikezelo imali ngaphezu izinga lokukhula -GDP. Ukuncitshiswa GDP olukhawulezisiweyo ukunyuka ubonelelo ngemali. Ukunyuka, nayo, iba nefuthe elibi umvuzo. AU Phillips qwalasela iiphatheni phakathi isabelo abangasebenziyo kunye utshintsho umvuzo wesiqhelo. AU Phillips, ehlola umlinganiselo amanqanaba nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye ngqesho, wabonisa ukuba kukho lobudlelwano phakathi ubukhulu kunye izinga lentswela lokwenyuka kwamaxabiso. ukumelwa yayo graphic iye ngokuba Phillips igophe. Ngokutsho Phillips igophe, ngqesho aphezulu namazinga okunyuka nokwehla kwemali, kanye nokwanda kwamaxabiso lifinyele. Ngokusekelwe kwi Phillips igophe ngoku uya kuba kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ngqesho kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso okanye ukwandisa ngqesho, abathintela amaxabiso. Nangona kunjalo, kuqoqosho lenene ayisoloko ibonisa iziphumo zale curve.

Kwinqanaba lamaxabiso jikelele kunye neqondo lentswela kuphononongo:
a) micro - kunye Uqoqosho lwesizwe;
b) economics normative nesimemayo.