Kwimeko ulawulo yenkqubo umntwana abakhubazekileyo: emisebenzi kunye neempawu

Ezelwe usapho umntwana kusoloko iholide. Sikhula, iphuhlise, yaye yonke into kubonakala kakuhle. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, oko kwenzeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi yabazali bomntwana kunye ezinxaxhileyo isaziso ugqirha, ezo ke babonakaliswa ngokuba mhlophe, njengoko luphuhla. Aba bantwana bafuna indlela ekhethekileyo, ngamnye ukuba ingaba kakuhle ukuqhelana kweli hlabathi. Kuba Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuphuhlisa ezizodwa kwiinkqubo zemfundo kunye nophuhliso. Okulandelayo, cinga inkqubo yenkxaso yomntwana abakhubazeke zophuhliso kunye neempawu zazo.

Umntwana abakhubazekileyo

A amagama ambalwa malunga umntwana luwele didi labantwana abakhubazekileyo.

Ngabo aba abantwana abanala makhwiniba, ukuba okwexeshana okanye isigxina, kuphuhliso ngokwasengqondweni okanye ngokwasemzimbeni. Ngabo aba abantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo ayibonwanga, kodwa abaKhubazekileyo. Kule meko, inkxaso ngamnye umntwana abakhubazekileyo.

Abantwana abakhubazekileyo zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela, obubonakala ngokuba yi kwezi nguqu-nguqu:

• Ukophulwa umsebenzi eziviwayo.
• Kwekhono zentetho.
• Ebonakalayo ongaboniyo, ukungaboni.
• Le ngezifo yenkqubo musculoskeletal.
• Ukukhubazeka iqola ingqondo kunye iingxaki zophuhliso engqondweni.
• Ephula zonxibelelwano kunye neengxaki zokuziphatha.

Le yeyona iphambili iza kuba siphene ngqo kuphuhliso, ivela oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwi inkqubo yoluleko. Kuba iqela ngalinye liphuhlise inkqubo ekhethekileyo inkxaso ngamnye komntwana abakhubazekileyo. Ukwenza ukuba ukusebenza kwezi bantwana, kubalulekile ukufunda kakuhle. Iza kuba luncedo abazali bobabini kunye nootitshala.

Ingakumbi abantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye neengcebiso xa usebenza nabo

Cinga ngeempawu iindidi ezithile labantwana abakhubazekileyo.

• Abantwana ukungase-.

Aba bantwana kukho lunyhasho imbono, inkumbulo, ulwimi, ukucinga. Umntwana ongakhathaliyo, ngokufuthi touchy kunye ezivaliweyo. Kwakhona, ukuze uqaphele ilahleko uququzelelo kunye nezifundo esithubeni. Njengomgaqo, musa ukuthatha inyathelo ukunxibelelana nabanye.

Abantwana ukungase- ezilungileyo emlonyeni ukufunda, Ekwazi uthethe ulwimi abangaboniyo. Xa upelo kunye pronunciation badla uphosa oonobumba okanye amagama. amabinzana zabo alula kunye nesigama ulihlwempu kakhulu.

• Abantwana kunye ongaboniyo.

Kuba aba bantwana kufuneka usebenzise inkqubo ethile yoqeqesho. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba isasaze umsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. ngeencwadana zoqeqesho elisetyenzisiwe, kwakunye isixhobo enombala kunye tiflopedagogicheskie. Kuyanconywa ukuba ukutshintsha imisebenzi rhoqo. Umthamo umthwalo olubonakalayo kufuneka ibe ngqongqo ngabanye. Xa inkqubo yabo yoqeqesho ngokuyimfuneko iquka ezifana:

• Ukuqhelaniswa esithubeni.
• sobuso, izimbo zomzimba.
• orientation Social.
• Development okuqonda olubonakalayo.
• Lo omhle zomziba izandla kunye kwebala.
• Speech therapy.

- kunyanzelekile ukuba abantwana analyzer ezibonwayo, ukuyifundisa kwaye eklasini kufuneka lwenziwe sibiza. umzuzu.

• Abantwana abaye babe ukukhubazeka engqondweni.

Loo umntwana mpawu zilandelayo: ukungabikho ingqalelo, umsebenzi ongekenziwa kuphuhliso zekharityhulam yesikolo, ukungakwazi ingqalelo uze wenze imisebenzi ngokuzimeleyo, ukuhamba ngokugqithiseleyo, yaye ukungazinzi ngokweemvakalelo.

Kuba aba bantwana, kuyimfuneko ukuba nzima umsebenzi, kuthathelwa kuphela ingqalelo iimeko umntwana.

• Abantwana kunye ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo musculoskeletal.

Eyona uphawu kolu didi - ukuhamba. Abantwana abanedumbe lengqondo basoloko kakuhle ukuva, umbono, intetho, ubukrelekrele. Kudla kukho iimpawu convulsive. abantwana abanjalo kufuneka ancedwe nokuzibuyisela eluntwini, kufuneka kwakhona zonyango, ngokwasengqondweni, zokufundisa kunye noncedo unyango kwintetho. Kubalulekile ukuba ukubethelela uthando yomsebenzi, isimo sengqondo okuhle ebomini, usapho kunye noluntu.

GEF abantwana abakhubazekileyo

Kukho umgangatho karhulumente ngokukhethekileyo abantwana abakhubazeke zophuhliso kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Uqinisekisa aba bantwana ilungelo lokufumana imfundo, nokuba kuqatha kwephulwa, kummandla yokuhlala kunye nohlobo lemfundo.

Yintoni na imisebenzi GEF kubantwana abakhubazekileyo:

• Uqweqwe abantwana ubuninzi ngemfundo abakhubazekileyo ukuba uya kudibana ubuchule babo kunye neemfuno.
• Nika umntwana ukuze bafumana imfundo ngokungqinelana nomGaqo-siseko, nangona ubungqongqo ukuphazamiseka zophuhliso, uphuhliso kunye nohlobo lwesikolo ababhalise apho umntwana.
• Dala iimeko ukuze kulungiswe labantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ngokwanelisa iimfuno zemfundo.
• Nika ithuba lokuba ukhethe imfundo efanelekileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izindululo leengcali.
• Yiya kwinkqubo yemfungo, ekwenzeni inkqubo yokufunda-bume, kuba imfundo odibeneyo yabantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye ngesiqhelo nasekuphuhliseni abantwana.
• Khuthaza uphuhliso lwemfundo ezizodwa kunye nokudala iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze oku.

iinjongo zenkqubo

Ukuze ukuqwalasela inkqubo enjalo, kufuneka sijonge phandle ukuba kuthetha ntoni ukuba aba bantwana inkxaso ngamnye.

Inkxaso yabantwana abakhubazekileyo - yokusekela ixesha elide, nto leyo esekelwe phezu umbutho efanelekileyo inkqubo, ejoliswe ikakhulu kuluhlu olusebenzayo izisombululo kwiingxaki zabo embi.

inkxaso ngamnye - iseti iindlela ezinxulumene nganye enye injongo enye, imisebenzi, imisebenzi, ezo zijolise ekuncedeni umntwana abakhubazekileyo ngokuthi nabazali nje kuphela, kodwa ootitshala. ulawulo kwimeko umntwana inkqubo abakhubazekileyo kuyanceda ukufumana iingxaki kuphuhliso umntwana, ukuba izigqibo ukuqinisekisa ukusonjululwa kwazo efanelekileyo, kwaye kwakhona inika ithuba lokuphuhlisa amandla kunye izakhono zomntwana. Nokulunga kolawulo meko kuhlolwa, ukongeza izimvo ootitshala, bengqondo , kunye amagqirha, ulwaneliseko lwabazali kunye nomntwana, lo gama kwiziko lemfundo. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba ukuvavanya ukukwazi wosana ukuba basebenzisane kunye nabanye abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.

ulawulo kwimeko umntwana inkqubo abakhubazekileyo kufuneka ukuba:

• Abantwana ubunzima ekufundeni iinkqubo ezisisiseko epriskuli.
• Abantwana abakhubazekileyo kakhulu abaya iqela ixesha elifutshane.
• Kuba uqeqesho ngamnye.

Uphuhliso nomiliselo lweenkqubo

abantwana inkqubo abakhubazekileyo ukusekelwa izigaba ezininzi uphuhliso kunye nokuphunyezwa:

1. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukuqokelelwa kunye nocazululo kwamaxwebhu, iingxelo zikagqirha, kwakunye ingxoxo iingxaki umntwana kunye nabazali, ootitshala.
2. Inyathelo lesibini kukuba ukuqhuba uviwo olunzulu uphuhliso. Ukuze uhlaziye iziphumo kunye neengcali kunye lisenza. Ekupheleni enze iimpawu engqondweni zokufundisa.
3. Kulo Isigaba sesithathu, iinjongo, imiqathango, iindlela kunye neentlobo umsebenzi oluleko kunye nophuhliso. Kweli nqanaba, abazali bethatha inxaxheba. Bona banikwa ngoncedo olufunekayo, zombini ezenziwayo kunye iingcebiso.
4. Isigaba sesine ithathwa ukuba esingundoqo. Ukuya ukuphunyezwa nkqubo, ukuphunyezwa kwayo lubekw 'esweni, izilungiso xa kuyimfuneko. Iingcali ukuqhuba uqeqesho abazali nootitshala izakhono eziyimfuneko ukusebenza nabantwana abakhubazekileyo.
5. Kwinqanaba yesihlanu, uhlalutyo ukusebenza kweenkqubo zophuhliso. Eliphanda nobunzima ukusetyenziswa kwayo, ukufuna ezibangela, ukukhangela iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki.

iimpawu

Kwimeko ulawulo yenkqubo umntwana abaKhubazekileyo ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Fumana imfundo umntwana abakhubazekileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno zalo nezakhono.
• Kulula yokuhlanganisa umntwana okhubazekileyo kwiqela koontanga kunye nophuhliso yesiqhelo.
• Abazali kufuneka ithuba lokufumana uncedo neengcebiso iingcali eziyimfuneko kunye nootitshala.
• Ootitshala bafumana eqhubekayo isikhokelo kunye nenkxaso.
• Ukuya esweni rhoqo uphuhliso umntwana abakhubazekileyo kunye nomsebenzi lolungiso ngexesha elifanelekileyo, unike ubuchule bakhe ubunakho.

Iintlobo zomsebenzi kunye abantwana abakhubazekileyo

Ukuphumeza inkqubo kufuneka ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo yabantwana abakhubazekileyo. Le program inika iindlela ezininzi zomsebenzi:

• Ngokukodwa ahlelwe iiseshoni.
• Iiklasi Non-nkqubo.
• umbutho time free.
• Emfundo abazali.

Amanqaku yeeklasi abantwana abakhubazekileyo

Iiklasi nabantwana abakhubazekileyo bakwazi ukuthatha indawo:

• Ngabanye.
• Kumaqela.
• Kunye nabantwana esempilweni.

Qiniseka ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo:

• Imo kwimpilo yomntwana.
• Mood.
• entsatsheni lwakhiwe.

Kukho kwakhona iimeko ezininzi ezinkulu enxulumene neeklasi zabantwana abakhubazekileyo:

• Pace yokufunda kufuneka behlisa phantsi.
• Rhoqo umdla abantwana ukuba umsebenzi kwisifundo-practical.
• Thembela phezu izakhono kunye umthamo umntwana.
• Thatha ingqalelo iimpawu umntwana uze ulungise imisebenzi yayo.

Yiyiphi imisebenzi izinto ezihamba?

inkxaso zokufundisa abantwana abakhubazekileyo kufuna imisebenzi ethile:

• nomqeqeshi Social liqhuba umsebenzi kunye nabantwana kunye notitshala weklasi zentlalo-zokufundisa, kwakunye nemisebenzi oluleko kunye nophuhliso. Lunceda xa niwubuthayo amaxwebhu ayimfuneko.
• Utitshala weklasi iqwalasela kugcinwe amalungelo abantwana abakhubazekileyo, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko ubomi babo kunye nempilo, eklasini ukusebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo kunye nezakhono ukuze bafundise abantwana abakhubazekileyo, ukuncedisa abazali ukuba ubajonge nabo ukuba basebenzise ukulawula inkqubo yokufunda.

Ukuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo

Inkqubo case ulawulo umntwana abakhubazekileyo iphunyeziwe kwizigaba ezininzi:

1. Inqanaba lokuqala yenziwa umsebenzi diagnostic, sifunda amaxwebhu akhaphayo. Ingaba isivumelwano kunye nabazali.
2. Utitshala kunye notitshala weklasi ekuhlaleni ubukele umntwana, ubambe ingxoxo kunye nabazali, ukuqulunqa ingxelo okunokwenzeka, ubuchule lwakukhula kunye nesimo sakhe iimvakalelo.
3. A loviwo ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi inxaxheba ootitshala, bengqondo, ootitshala uTsvangirai, kwengqondo kwezentlalo kunye notitshala weklasi.
4. Zakha "ingxelo yoviwo yokuqala".
5. inkonzo Ukulungiswa-ukuphuhlisa nokuhlalutya idata ezifunyenweyo.
6. Yenza izindululo kwi program.
7. Yonke ingcaciso ebhalwe nonontlalontle idayari okhethekileyo. Nokulunga kolawulo meko kuvavanywa qho ngekota.

izincomo kootitshala

Uyakwazi ukwenza ezinye izikhokelo ngokubanzi kootitshala ukuphumeza inkxaso ngamnye umntwana abakhubazekileyo:

• Kuyimfuneko ukwenza isicwangciso isifundo kwaye ukusiqhuba, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu womntwana kwaye isifo sakhe.
• Kwenziwe izifundo nje kuphela ngamnye, kodwa iqela, ukwandisa umsebenzi umntwana kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza kwiqela.
• Nikelani ingqalelo imeko yengqondo umntwana phambi kokuba umsebenzi.
• Ukuncedisa ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi kunye nezabelo.
• Ukuphuhlisa motility imithambo ezizodwa, imidlalo, imisebenzi.
• Angakanani iimvakalelo HIV, ukutsala abantwana ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yolonwabo, ekuphuhliseni ubuchule babo kunye neziphiwo.

isiphelo

Ukuba umntwana uzelwe nayo nayiphi abakhubazeke zophuhliso, oko akuthethi ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukufunda into. indlela ngabanye kuphela ukusombulula le ngxaki kunye imfundo aba bantwana. umsebenzi onenjongo oogqirha, ootitshala nabazali ukuba benze ezi abantwana apha naphaya ekuhlaleni kwaye kuza kunceda kakhulu kuphuhliso lwabo.