Le Umfanekiso "Laocoön noonyana bakhe ': inkcazelo kunye nohlaziyo

Okubuhlungu kukuba ukusebenza kwe Parian marble abakroli ezintathu "Laocoon kunye noonyana bakhe." Le Umfanekiso obonisa imigudu elilize kayise nabantwana bakhe ukubaleka baphume esentlungwini eyeyelisayo Entangling umzimba yeenyokana zabo.

intsomi yangasemva

Eli bali liqala kwangemihla yakudala kakhulu. Xa ndijonge Leda, umfazi kaKumkani Tyndareus of Sparta, intombi ka Helen kaZeyus. Xa ekhula, yaba yeyona intle yonke ofayo.

Kakhulu kuye ukuba woo amasoka, kodwa uHelen wakhetha Menelaus yinzwana. Emva kokufa Tyndareus nguye silungiselwe etroneni yobukumkani.

Ukumkani uTroy wazalelwa unyana ka Priam. Itola kwangaphambili ukuba le nkwenkwe iya kutshabalalisa bonke Trojans. Ngokutsho imiyalelo okumkani waphoswa ehlathini ukuze yena wafela apho, kodwa ke iye ikhule ibe umfana iinzwana ezingenasiphako, neenkomo kudlula ngoxolo.

Izizathu ukuqhambuka nempi Trojans namaGrike

thixokazi Ezintathu - Athena, zekhompyutha kunye Aphrodite - ezifunyenwe yi uthixokazi ububi isihlava Eris apile kunye elithi "Fine". Babengenakuyenza loo nto ukuba ukwahlula phakathi kwabo. Wobuqili Hermes bacenga Paris ukuba abe ngumgwebi ngayo ingxaki yabo. Aphrodite wathembisa Paris uthando wayengoyena mfazi mhle, uHelen, waza wafumana apile athandwayo. IParis weba uHelen of Greece wayibamba aya uTroy. kwaqala imfazwe elide yaye igazi phakathi Trojans namaGrike ukuba uHelen ezintle.

Kwicala yamaGrike aba Athena, Apollo yanceda Trojans. Kunqweneleka ukuba ukwazi xa libona sculpture "Laocoon".

cwaka Greek

, Ixesha elide elide, iminyaka elishumi mpi. AmaGrike wawungqinga uTroy akazange anikezele. Amaqhawe abaninzi bafa macala omabini. Enobuqhophololo Odysseus ndicinge indlela ukungena isixeko ungqingwe yamaGrike lokuthwala squad Greek. AmaGrike wenza ihashe omkhulu ngamaplanga. Bona bancedwa yi Athena. Bamfaka imikhosi yakhe, wabhenela yecebo: sakhwela iinqanawa zabo, wemka ngomkhombe waya elwandle. USathana awayevuya ngayo waya ukukhangela inkampu yamaGrike kunye Trojans wayeka xhungu xa wabona ihashe elikhulu.

Umntu wacela ukuba bamphose elwandle, yaye abanye - ukuthabatha ukuya Troy njengophawu lokoyisa. Le ingongoma ebalulekileyo kakhulu ukuba inkomba imaged. Umbingeleli Laocoon sculpture eza kuxoxwa; akayi kusinda ubuqhinga Pallas Athena.

Trojans lula

Kubemi bakubo bayishiya umbingeleli kathixo Apollo. Sculpture "Laocoon" ubonisa na ingongoma. Wabongoza abemi ukuba angamchukumisi ihashe, intlekele enkulu kwangaphambili. Laocoon wada wabinza ngentshuntshe njengehashe, yaye ngaphakathi iithowuni izixhobo yesinyithi. Kodwa ingqondo ingqongwe "abaphumeleleyo". Abazange bakholwe ukuba sifanele simoyike amaGrike, nokuba xa ezise izipho. Abekholose owasemzini, owathi ukuba ihashe kufuneka yayikukukholisa nguPallas Athena, xa babeza bambambe kuye. Njengokuba wathi, liphuma elwandle ummangaliso wathumela Athena kuyo - iinyoka ezimbini ezinkulu. Kuyinto baqiniseka Trojans, baza bathabatha ihashe kuwo umzi.

Iphupho Laocoon noonyana bakhe

Xa ulwandle Ndathandaza Poseidon Laocoon kunye noonyana bakhe. La makhonkco umzimba bhija kwaye ezibengezelayo ebomvu ngamalahle, amehlo kunye crests entloko, ngokukhawuleza wadada ngokukhawuleza ukuze ancede uYuda silo ezoyikekayo. Iinyoka, akuba ephumile elwandle, wahlasela ingozi. Le ngongoma ibonakalisa sculpture "Laocoon". Ambathe inyoka malunga imizimba enamandla abantu uzama ukubulala kubo. ukulunywa bufeze kubangela intlungu nje kuphela, kodwa inguwona usingisa ekufeni. Konke oku kubonisa sculpture "Laocoon". Yiloo nto eyabangela inkolelo ungakhathaliyo kwi uloyiso abemi uTroy oko.

Imbali ifumana imikrolo

iminyaka engamawaka amabini anamakhulu amabini eyadlulayo ePergamo abakroli olungaziwayo yobhedu waphosa iqela sculpture ukuba echaza recoditos ka Laocoön noonyana bakhe kunye iinyoka. Original wanyamalala. Ikopi ngumthi ochweliweyo kwi emarmore amaGrike Rhodes. Xa indlela lamaGrike ezimbejembeje weza kuthi "Laocoon" (imikrolo). Umbhali Its Agesandr Rodossky noonyana bakhe Polydoros kunye Athenodorus. Kubonakele ngo-1506 Feliks De Fridis izidiliya phantsi kweenduli baseRoma. kanye wema apho Domus Aurea. Kamsinya nje Pope Julius II lwafunda yokufumana ezixabisekileyo, ngoko wathumela ngoko nangoko ukuba uvavanyo lwakhe womzobi Giuliano da Sangallo kunye uMichelangelo. Lomhleli nangoko eqinisekisiweyo sokunyaniseka msebenzi, apho kuchazwa nguPliny. Buaonorroti wayezimisele ukuba yayenziwe amaqhosha 2 nezemarmore, nangona UPliny wathetha ngelitye elinye.

kwizibetho zayo okwalandela

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, Bonaparte wathabatha iqela oqingqiweyo e-Paris. Kwi-Louvre, kwaba sivulelekile ukuba sihlolwe, yaye emva kokoyiswa uNapoleon ukuba yabuyiswa British ukuya kwiVatican. Ngoku yena lo imyuziyam Oliver-Clementine (Vatican).

kwengalo yasekunene Laocoon efumaneka 1905 Czech zakudala Ludwig Pollak evenkileni abaqingqi aseRoma yaye yayinika eVatican Museum. Ngowe-1957, oko lafakwa sisincoko oqingqiweyo (ulwazi ezithathwe kwinqaku e IsiNgesi Digital Umfanekiso Project: Laocoön).

Iikopi zayo ezininzi zenziwe. Italian - kwisiqithi yaseRhodes i Uffizi Gallery, eMoscow - kwi Pushkin Museum. Pushkin, Odessa - phambi Museum of Archaeology.

"Laocoon" imikrolo: Inkcazo

Ukuba luzakuqala ukusuka kwisikhundla G. E. Lessinga, loo ukupeyinta, ukukrola - izibongo izidenge, kumboniseli ngayo neminqweno yakhe ingxelo ukuba ukugqiba loo nto athi ngokucacileyo umbhali.

Figure Laocoon kakhulu itsale ingqalelo ngenxa yokuba kubhaliwe ibekwe kweli ziko, kwaye kananjalo kuba ababhali esebenza ngenyameko yonke inyama yomzimba wakhe ezinamandla. Trojan ulwa kanzima iinyoka ezimbini ingxilimbela. sele Forces wamshiya, kwaye uqalisa ndizihlalise phezu kwesibingelelo. Yena usazama ukuba bazixhase. Unyawo lasekhohlo lixhomekeke emhlabeni ngeminwe yakho. Umlenze wasekunene uzimisele kwaye uchukumisa isibingelelo. Isandla sasekhohlo izama lilize ukuba lirhoxe umzimba intloko inyoka leyo. Yena ukulungele ukunikezela umthamo esibulalayo, wavula umlomo wakhe namazinyo ebonakalayo ezibulalayo. Kwengalo yasekunene Laocoon ethobe namakhonkco osontiweyo inyoka efanayo. Intloko yakhe ibuye umva. Umlomo avuleka grimace intlungu eyoyikekayo ukufa ezayo, oonyana yomzabalazo olunzulu kwanokwazisa yokufa kwakhe kungekudala.

Kubonakala ngathi mboni Laocoon. Imikrolo, ukuxelwa okubangela bangabanjwa okrakra kufa kunye Laokoon kunye noonyana bayo.

Ukuba ilungelo lakhe, unyana omncinane into entwined ngokupheleleyo enemisesane yinyoka. Wamvusa ukungcangcazela isandla sakhe sokunene, kodwa iinyokana anilume kuye kwekhwapha. Lo mfana iqalisa kuwa, eshiya esibingelelweni, apho utata wakhe.

Siyaqhubeka ingqwalasela sculpture "Laocoon kunye noonyana bakhe." Inkcazelo iphela imikrolo.

Lo mzalwana omdala eye uyise abuye ubuso bakhe zizele ngummangaliso, isicelo cwaka ukumkhulula emlenzeni obvivshego nomsila yinyoka.

Yena akanako ukumelana ngesandla mnye. Umbukeli, Noko ke, kubonakala ukuba nethemba lokuba uphilile, ukuba, ngelishwa, oku kuyinyaniso. Zonke abathathu kubo uya kufa.

Ndingathanda ukugqibezela inkcazelo iikowuteshini ezimbini. UEuripides: "Akukho nto kwalunga oothixo, njengokuba uhlobo ukubandezeleka kwabantu." Kwakhona kuchazwa kakuhle oothixo Greek Sophocles: "Oothixo bakulungele ngakumbi ukunceda umntu xa esiya kumkhawulela ukufa kwakhe."

Inzala abalawuli baseRoma ukuya imikrolo

Kukholelwa ukuba inzala ka Trojans yendlu waseRoma. Kuyinto iqhawe wabo linguEneya, unyana Venus, isithixokazi, wabalekela kweenxweme iTiber. Wayithatha Lavinia nisekelwe umzi imbeko yakhe (Practice de Mare). Umntakwabo Ascanius waseka Alba Longa (ngoku Castel Gandolfo). Kweli nqanaba, emva kokuba izizukulwana embalwa uya kuzalelwa abaseki eRoma, Romul I kaRemaliya. abalawuli baseRoma isifuba ukuba bayinzala koothixo.

ababukeli Guest

Ababukeli bakholelwa ukuba Lessing kulungile ukuba Ukuthiya intlungu kakhulu ezifunyanwa ngulo Laocoon, lo ukukrola kufuneka benikwe imithetho ubuhle. Laocoon akayi kunkqangaza, kodwa kutshiwo kuphela. Athena wathumela isohlwayo sikweni kuye. Nguye unetyala kuphela ukuba walumkisa abantu belizwe lakhe ukusuka isipho eyingozi kwanamaGrike eziveza ukubukelwa Athena. Man - nje yokudlala uyaxakwa ezandleni woothixo.