Luthambe ebango

Imfuno evakalisa umnqweno ukuba abathengi kwisinyibilkisi ukuba bathenge iimveliso ngamaxabiso ezithile. Xa intliziyo lesi sifiso ingqikelelo eluncedo litheni yeempahla (ukwanda ukusetyenziswa eluncedo kwi iyunithi yemveliso nganye ethengiweyo). Kokufuneka nefuthe ngqo okuthenga amandla le nkonzo. Kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo amaxabiso abathengi ezingathenga izixa ezahlukeneyo yempahla. Ezi zamaxabiso axhome, lo gama kugcinwe nazo zonke ezinye iimeko, inowuthi imfuno, yaye vice versa.

Le luthambe ebango ibonisa iqondo nobuntununtunu nemfuno impahla utshintsho izinto ezahlukeneyo (ixabiso, abantu ingeniso, njalo njalo). Ukuba imfuno imveliso ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi utshintsho, umzekelo, ixabiso ngokuba, ibizwa ngokuba eneplastikhi ukuba ixabiso alunasiphumo kwi wokufunwa, oko kuthiwa inelastic.

Ukwahlula iintlobo luthambe ebango:

1. Ukuba nokwenzeka ngentengo. Ngumlingani zesi salathisi zibalwe lulwahlulo ipesenti utshintsho kwemfuno ngokwepesenti utshintsho kwexabiso. Xa utshintsho ixabiso kwemfuno kunokuba ilastiki, inelastic , okanye kuba nesalathisi enye.

Le luthambe kuxhomekeke imveliso efunekayo, inani lento replacement kunye nexesha factor.

2. luthambe Income. Ngumlingani lulwahlulo utshintsho kwemfuno ukuya utshintsho (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha) okukwazi yengeniso njengepesenti. Ibonisa indlela umthamo kwemfuneko imveliso xa ukutshintsha ingeniso kwabathengi nge-1% kakhulu. Le lomlingani ingaba elidibanisayo okanye elithabathayo.

Kuxhomekeka ifuthe utshintsho kwi imfuno ingeniso, bahlule amaqela ezinjalo kwempahla: kwelona nqanaba liphezulu (iimveliso umgangatho) - imfuno ekhulayo ngokomlinganiselo ekukhuleni ingeniso; le liphantsi (cheap iimpahla ephantsi-quality) - phezu koko; impahla kubalulekile (ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokuyimfuneko ezizimeleyo utshintsho kwengeniso).

3. Cross-okubuyela kwimo yokuba ifunwa. Isalathi lomlingani ixhomekeke lomlinganiselo utshintsho kwemfuneko ifom enye imveliso (X) ukwenza utshintsho imfuneko kwezinye uhlobo izinto (A). Ukuba ratio mkhulu kunalowo, iimveliso interchangeable, ukuba ngaphantsi, ngoko ke iyavumelana; ukuba zero, oko kuthetha ukuba iimpahla ezinxulumene.

Ngomhla luthambe ebango kuchaphazela eziliqela:

• Ixesha factor. Ukuba ixesha liyavuma, isigqibo sokuthenga imfuno yorhwebo uba elastic ngakumbi.
• Substitutability. Ukuba iimpahla kufuneka substitutes umgangatho ukuba okubuyela kwimo yokuba ifunwa kakhulu kusoloko phezulu. Umzekelo, kuba imfuno insulin soze uzithathe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixabiso ngazo, kuba iyeza kubalulekile ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile.
• Isabelo, oluthathela ingqalelo umba abathengi iindleko. I elikhulu oko kukuthi, i-elastic kakhulu yimfuneko. Kunye nokukhula efanayo amaxabiso yabathengi kusenokwenzeka uyala ukuba athenge imoto ngaphezu izinto ofisi. Ngenxa izibambo zithengwa rhoqo.
• Intengiso kunye Marketing. Ezaziwa kakhulu impahla ngenxa intengiso elungileyo, zokubopha kunye nezinye iimpawu, isimo sengqondo enyamezelayo ngakumbi kulo, kwaye umboleki imfuno kangako elastic.
• Bunewunewu okanye eziyimfuneko. Iqela lokuqala eemveliso (zegolide, izacholo, iimoto expensive), imfuno usoloko eneplastikhi ngaphezu yesibini (ukutya, imichiza ekhaya).
• esizithandayo kunye Ukuthanda kubathengi likwachaphazela kakhulu iqondo yona luthambe ebango.

Point luthambe ebango - ixabiso ilinganiswa kwindawo olunye kwigophe imfuno, nto leyo rhoqo lonke emgceni. It is a umlinganiselo uvakalelo utshintsho nemfuno nawuphi na indicators.

Ngoko ke, lo luthambe ebango - abasabela ngayo isalathisi ukutshintsha isigwebo okanye neminye imibandela efanelekileyo. lomlingani nangobude luthambe.