Umbane. amandla yamanje

Uphononongo lombane njengoko into ebonakalayo iqala nokuba esikolweni. Ootitshala abaninzi, abafundi ukuba lula ukuqondwa umbandela, kuthelekiswa kubhenela yangoku yombane umqhubi kunye intshukumo ulwelo ngokusebenzisa umbhobho. Nangona olu thelekiso kulinganisiwe ngokwalo nangoku uyakwazi ukuchaza iinkqubo ezinxulumene isenzeko lombane ekhoyo jikelele kunye zombane aqukuqelela umqhubi ngokukodwa. Kodwa ke, njengokuba kusenziwa imiboniso, kulula kakhulu ukuba ufunde ins kunye outs yeli candelo eninzi physics, ukuba ucinge nje iinkqubo ezizizo ukuthatha indawo ngaphandle nawuphi na umzamo ukufumana nogxa babo kwihlabathi iziganeko mechanical.

Ukuchaza nesenzeko zombane ibakho izinikezeli, sebenzisa iseti ezahlukeneyo izinto kunye parameters. Kakade ke, ukuze isicelo asebenzisekayo ochaphazelekayo kunye umbane ngamandla ngoku, kodwa ukuzimisela kwalo parameter iya kudibana ezinye iimpawu eziphambili ukuhamba kombane kwi nombhexeshi.

Amandla yenye yeempawu ezibalulekileyo umsinga wombane. Xa ingqondo yabo ngayo ibonisa umbane (inani ophethe), wesiphaluka yombane bekuza ngexesha unit. Ukuze oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubungakanani kagesi leyo ocande umnqamlezo-icandelo ngalinye kwexesha unit. Xa uhlobo lwezibalo, eli xabiso ivela njenge eziphephezelayo (Cl) yahlulwe yesibini (s). Kuba omnye silinganiso yangoku athathwe ubukhulu ampere (A).

Parameter elandelayo kuthathelwa ingqalelo xa kubalwa ombane yangoku kusezandleni. Sisazi ukuba umbane - kodwa intshukumo kakuhle amasuntswana ukuba intlawulo ukwenza intshukumo kuyimfuneko ukuba endle yombane. Ngoko ke, ixabiso Ubhaqo ombane libalwa ratio ye ukusebenza yangoku kwi inxalenye ethile ye-chain kwintlawulo eliqukuqela ngaso. Iyunithi ye ombane, kwagqitywa ukuba volts (V), nto leyo umlinganiselo yeyunithi ebonakalayo zomsebenzi nganye yeyunithi J. Cl.

Ukusebenzisa i ammeter eqhagamshelwe kwisiphaluka series, ukumisela ubukhulu amandla yangoku, kunye voltmeter enxulumene ngokunxuseneyo - ombane. AC amandla ngoku kumiselwa nangokucazululayo yokuphindaphinda ukusebenza ombane. Ukuqwalasela i parameter ebonakalayo wafumana ngaphambili nokumisela ukufumana iyunithi amandla J / s okanye watt enye (W). Ukuziqhelisa, siye ingqalelo umzekelo ukubalwa kwityala efanelekileyo apho kumiselwa DC ngamandla.

Loo nto nje ngokufuthi nosuku sisebenzisana ontlantlu-ntathu ngoku. Siza kuqinisekisa ukuba amandla ka-kwesigaba sesithathu lwangoku njenge lodibaniso umthamo kwisigaba ngasinye. Njengoko sisazi ukuba ngamnye kubo isebenza kwimo AC, ukubala amandla into wongezwa ombane umthwalo cos j.

Ukuqwalasela amandla iyonke angoku iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokudibanisa umthwalo kuba kwisigaba ezintathu-yangoku (kwaye siyazi kukho ezimbini - unxantathu kunye star), sibona ukuba emva ifomula inguqu zezibalo ezilula ukwenzela ukubalwa kuzo zombini ezi meko wathabatha imbono efanayo. Ukuba imveliso ombane kumgca amandla ngoku kunye ombane cos j kongezeleka umthwalo into elingana ingcambu ka ezintathu (okanye, kwi-ubalo 1,73 loqikelelo).

Emva kokuhlolisisa ingqiqo ka "indawo amandla" Kufuneka bakhunjuzwe abafundi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili kuso. Kuba esebenzayo ngamandla ombane luphawulwa ukuguqulwa kwezinye iintlobo zamandla. Kunokuba kukukhanya, thermal, mechanical kunye nabanye. Isetyenziswa sokubala watts, kilowatts, megawatts.

Xa kuqwalaselwa ngamandla lovukelo zombane kuthetha ixabiso, ebalasele umthwalo wombane, i-eneji wadala azize yasendle magnetic ngabathengi. Ngokufuthi, le hlobo umbane uphawu-injini. Neeyunithi uthathe volts - amperes izidubuli (var).