Architecture of India

Enye impumelelo ebalaseleyo lwempucuko Indian ngokungathandabuzekiyo zibukeke. Kodwa kuphela ezikhumbuzo ezinkulu ezifana kwisakhiwo adumileyo Taj Mahal, Khajuraho kunye Vijayanagar. izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo-Indiya. Njengoko siye savela ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, wawubonisa, iimeko zentlalo, ezoqoqosho ngokwezelizwe, ezithile kweli lizwe.

Ebudeni bolawulo ndhoka Omkhulu (273 BC - 232 BC) kuthwalelwa phandle ezinkulu zokwakha-isikali yoonongendi WayengumBhuda stupas.

izakhiwo dha in India kweyisa kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela, yaye ezinye iisampulu izakhiwo esihle sasinda ukuya mihla - Great Stupa kwilali Sanchi, elakhiwa woMlawuli ndhoka, ngubani uthathwa ukuba ngowokuqala ukuba angene imbali netempile-nomqolomba entsokothileyo D.

Ngenkulungwane yesibhozo, kunye umanyano yezikumkani Hindu, yaba indlela ezibalaseleyo bokwakha yesikolo esemazantsi. Le mpumelelo edume kakhulu kwi Pallava ubukhosi, ogama urhulumente kuye kwanikelwa ingqalelo ummandla osemantla imeko lanamhlanje Tamil Nadu (4-9 cc.) Ngaba le tempile-emqolombeni kwiitempile Mahabalipuram kunye Kanchipuram.

Abaphathi Chola States Hoyasala, Vijayanagar Kwakhona wazama ukuba ushiye uphawu kwi bokwakha Indiya.

Architecture Hoyasala (phakathi kweminyaka eli-11 neli-14) - isimbo bokwakha, sele ifikelele incopho ethile ngenkulungwane ye-13. zokwakha Active iitempile zikarhulumente Hoyasala kwabangelwa lezentlalo yenkcubeko, iziganeko, ezopolitiko kwelo xesha. Iimpawu zendlela izakhiwo zetempile ibonisa izinto izithethe zonqulo ezithandwayo of Vaishnava kunye Veera Shaiva kunye zomkhosi ibukisa abalawuli Hoyasaly, ukuzama Zizigqithile overlords Western Chalukya, yaye wabonakala kakhulu impumelelo zobugcisa.

Ifunyanwa kwiphondo Karnataka, Chennakeshava (Belur), Hoysaleshvara (Halebid), Keshava (Somnathpur) yimizekelo ephawulekayo zakhiwo zonqulo, ngenxa apho kukho ithuba elihle ukuhlola izithethe bokwakha ephakathi. E Karnataka inonyaka iicawa abamalunga ne-100, ubukhulu becala kwingingqi Malenadu, apho uhulumeni Hoyasala.

Ezakhiwe ezihlangeneyo sculpture of India. Ngoko ke, lo inkosi Hoyasaly kwakukho imifanekiso adumileyo oothixo Hindu, imifanekiso evela epics kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla. art yabo unique ubonisa ingqalelo ngocoselelo kwiinkcukacha, zonke iinkalo ugqibelele, ukuhla ukuya iincam iminwe kunye nezikhonkwane ku eqingqiweyo.

Eyona ogcwele Impumelelo Vijayanagar karhulumente - Meenakshi etempileni (Madurai, Tamil Nadu).

Yintoni ngoku imeko Kerala kwasekwa indlela ekhethekileyo lwezakhiwo, idibanisa umBhuda kunye nezithethe Hindu. Umzekelo mihle le - Ellora (Kerala), apho amaHindu songeze ingqokelela entsha iitempile eqingqiweyo ukuya emqolombeni zamaBhuda. Enye indalo kakhulu zobungangamela Ellora - milind itempile - itempile rock ebalaseleyo kunye imikrolo emangalisayo.

Ngelo xesha kumntla Indiya lenze indlela eyahlukileyo zakhiwo eyaziwa ngokuba isimbo Indian Nagara. Ngokwe-iitempile zakhiwa ezinemithi inxaxheba eziziingxande embindini.

In central abalawuli India Chandela wakha entsonkothileyo ezimangalisayo kwiitempile Khajuraho.

Ngexesha ulawulo indlu le Mughal izakhiwo in India Wayemelwe yi ekuthiwa-style yamaSilamsi-Indiya, owaziwa kakhulu lwe womlawuli (waye yamaSilamsi ngqo, okanye i-Indiya ngqongqo).

Xa amazwe Indiya liqulunqe isimbo ekuthiwa ngezakhiwo Indo-Moorish idibanisa Hindu, Islamic nezinto zaseYurophu. Le isimbo Indo-Moorish in India wakha izakhiwo zoluntu - ofisi post, kwizikhululo zikaloliwe, ii-ofisi zikarhulumente, nasemakhaya.