MSCT - yintoni na? MSCT yesigxina esiswini. MSCT yengqondo

Enye yeendlela ezininzi zamandulo zokufunda izicubu kunye namalungu omntu yi-multispiral computed tomography, okanye i-MSCT. Yintoni na kwaye yintoni umgaqo wophando?

I-MSCT ithathwa njengenye yeentlobo ze- CT (i-computed tomography). Umgaqo woviwo ufana: ngoxhaswa nge-X-ray imisebe, usebenzisa ukuhlukana kwemitha ngamancuba obuninzi beentlupheko ezahlukeneyo, i-tomograph iya kuqwalasela umzi womzimba. Kodwa kwi-MSCT ilungiselelo elincinane le-detectors lisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye kusetyenziswe iziphulo ezifanayo ze-KT.

Uluhlu lwesibini lwama-capislic scanner sensors, olujikeleza isigulane, lwenza kube lula ukufumana iziqwenga eziliqela ngelo xesha, ezivumela ukuba sibambe iindawo ezinkulu kwijubane eliphezulu. Isiqheko esiphumela sisenziwa kwaye siphumela kwifom eqhelekileyo okanye emithathu. Isantya esiphezulu sophando senza ukuba kuhlolwe izigulane ezinzima kwaye kwenza kube lula ukuhlukisana neempahla.

I-MSCT isetyenziswa ngempumelelo ekuhloleni umdlavuza, izifo zentliziyo kunye nezifo ezithathelwanayo, kwakunye nokulimala kakhulu kwindlela yokuxhatshazwa kwemisipha kunye nokuphuma kwamathambo kunye nezitho ngenxa yokulimala.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqeshwa kwe-MSCT?

Ukuxilongwa kwamhlanje kwezifo ezininzi kungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-MSCT. Yintoni oku kutyhilwa le mviwo kunye naziphi izibonakaliso ezichaza i-multispiral computed tomography?

Ukuba isigulane sineempembelelo apho isinyithi sifumaneka, kuphela ukuxilongwa kwi-tomograph ye-multispiral kuya kunceda, kwaye i-MRI ne-CT zichasene. Kwizifo ezidinga unyango olukhawulezileyo okanye ezihamba kunye nesifo esibuhlungu, xa umntu engakwazi ukulala ngaphandle kokuhamba ixesha elide, i-MSCT iya kuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokupanda. I-Multispiral i-tomography iyimfuneko kwakhona kwiimeko ezinjalo zonyango:

1. Awuvumeli kuphela ukuxilongwa kwe-incoological formations yesibindi, i-pleen, i-pancreas, i-bladder, iinjongo kunye neengqungquthela ezingaphezulu kwe-retroperitoneal kunye nesisu esiswini, kodwa kwakhona sinquma umlinganiselo wesilonda kunye nohlobo lwesisu: unobungozi okanye unobungozi.

2. Ukunikezela ngokuchanekileyo ngokuchaneka kwenkqubo yeethambo, ukuguqulwa kwesifo somgudu, izilonda zamathambo, izibonakaliso zethambo, ukutyhila i-hernia kwi-lumbar spine.

3. Ngokuzibandakanya kwemithambo ye-pulmonary, kukho ukuphulwa kwi-circulation and severeness of lesions of arteries.

4. Yonke inzakalo embi ingaphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuphela ngoncedo lwe-tomograph ye-multispiral.

5. Yenza ukuba kube lula ukufumanisa i-foci encinci kunye neyodwa yeso sifo.

Iyintoni injongo yokuphuculwa komlinganiselo?

Uphando kwi-tomograph ye-multispiral yenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ungaboni nje amathambo kunye nezitho zomoya, kodwa kunye nezicubu ezincinci. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumene izifo ezinzulu kwizigaba zokuqala, umzekelo, ukufumanisa ukwakheka kakubi kobukhulu obuncinane, xa kusekho unyango lokunyangwa. Ukuphuculwa koqhagamshelwano kusetyenziswa ukuhlula ngakumbi izitho zomntu komnye nomnye, izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo ezivela kumathambo omzimba. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuqhuba i-MSCT ngokuphambene: i-intravenous and bolus.

Kwindlela yokuqala, i-ejenti eyahlukileyo ilawulwa ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwexesha kunye nokuhamba kwe-vein kunye ne-X-ray lab, kwaye isifundo senziwa. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa kwiitrograms ezincinci zesizukulwana sokuqala.

Ngomlinganiselo wokungafani, into ekhethekileyo ijojowe nge-syringe-injector ngexesha elimiselweyo kunye nesivinini. Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba iyahlula iindidi zokuchasana, okwenza isifundo siphumelele ngakumbi kwaye iziphumo zithembeke ngakumbi.

Ziphi na iindidi ezininzi ze-tomography ze-tomography zengqondo?

Kwimichiza yanamhlanje, ukuxilongwa kwezifo zengqondo, uphando lwe-MSCT luhlala kwindawo ekhokelayo. Uluphi uvavanyo oluxilongwa ngalo, ziziphi iimpawu ezenziwayo?

I-MSCT isetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwezi zifo:

• Ukwenziwa kobuchopho bokwakheka kwengqondo, kunye neendlela ezingaphumeleli ekuphuhlisweni kwayo;
• Isibetho;
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intracranial kunye ne-hydrocephalus;
• Ifomu engapheliyo yokungaqiniseki kwamathambo;
• Ingxaki okanye ukuvuvukala kwengqondo;
• Izigaba ezingapheliyo kunye nezigulane zezifo zendlebe yangaphakathi okanye izono ze-paranasal.

Ngeentloko eziqhelekileyo kunye neentloko ezinzima, ukukhubazeka kwememori, ukungcola, kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane ne-neurologist ukulungisa ingxaki ye-MSCT yengqondo ukuba ingabandakanyi utshintsho olusisongela ubomi kweli candelo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwizigulane eziye zahlushwa ingqondo yengqondo, ukuphazamiseka, ukuhlaselwa kwexesha elidlulileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo, okanye nokuba nayo yonke impawu yeemeko ezithintekayo ngexesha lokuthunyelwa kugqirha.

Izibonakaliso ze-multispiral computed tomography yesigxina esiswini

Xa uqhuba i-MSCT yesigxina sesisu, ugqirha wenza uvavanyo lweethubhu, izitho kunye neenkqubo kule ndawo: isibindi, i-bile ducts, i-gall bladder, i-spleen, izintso, i-urinary tract, i-pancreas nezinye izitho. Ingcali ye-radiologist ihlalutya isakhiwo, ubungakanani kunye nesimo sezitho; Ubukho beeplasophops; Ubukho beekhonkco kwizitho zale ndawo; Ukusebenza kwamadada e-bile; Umqathango wee-lymph nodes.

Izibonakaliso ze-MSCT yesigxina sesisu kunye nesithuba se-retroperitoneal:

• Uhlobo lwe-oncological kunye nezilonda zesisu (i-metastases);
• Ama-cyst, i-adenomas kunye ne-abscesses;
• Ukulimala okukhulu kunye nokusola umonakalo kwizitho kunye nemithambo yegazi;
• Urolithiasis;
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi;
• Izifo zaliphi na izitho zomzimba;
• Iinkqubo ezivuthayo;
• I-pathology ye-aorta yesisu kunye namasebe awo;
• IiAnomalies zezitho.

Iphi i-MSCT yesifuba?

Ukuvavanya urhulumente wezitho kunye nezicubu kwindawo yesifuba, indlela ephakamileyo yokuphanda, i-MSCT, isetyenziswa. Uvavanyo lo vavanyo luyintoni na phantsi kweziphi izifo?

Le nqubo ivumela uhlalutyo nokuvavanya imeko yezitho kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo zesifuba (imiphunga, intliziyo, iinqanawa, i-esophagus, trachea nabanye), i-lymph nodes, izakhiwo zethambo.

Imiqondiso ye-MSCT yesifuba:

• Iifom ye-tumor kunye ne-metastase;
• Inomali kunye neentlungu zenhliziyo kunye ne-bronchopulmonary system;
• Ukusabalalisa izifo zamaphaphu;
• Iinkqubo ezivuthayo ezibangele umonakalo kwizitho zesifuba;
• Nzakala kakhulu.

Inkqubo ye-MSCT: iingcebiso, indleko kunye nokuchasene

Ukuqhuba isifundo se-MSCT, kufuneka ugqoke kwiingubo ezingcolileyo. Zonke izinto zangaphandle kunye nobucwebe ngexesha le nkqubo kufuneka zisuswe, kuquka i-auditor or dentures. Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokubhalwa kweemviwo, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa indlela yokuchasana.

Isifundo asibuhlungu, kwaye umthamo we-radiation awuncinci. Inkqubo ihlala (kuxhomekeke kwinkimbinkimbi) ukusuka emihlanu kuya kweyimizuzu engama-30, idinga ukungahambi kwesigulane.

Ukusebenzisa indlela yokuchasisa kwisifundo, uhlobo lohlobo oluphambeneyo kunye nenani lazo zichaphazela iindleko ze-MSCT. Ixabiso lixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nomthamo wendawo yoviwo, imisebenzi yokuxilonga kunye neenkonzo ezongezelelweyo. Ukucacisa ixabiso leyiphi na i-MSCT enokwenzeka ngokuya kwiphepha lesayithi leklinikhi ekhethiweyo okanye ngokufowuna kwifowuni. Ngokomyinge, amaxabiso alo mgaqo avela kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-11.5 lama-ruble.

Ukungqinelana kunye neengozi ze-MSCT

• Abasetyhini abasetyhini banqatshelwe ukunyusa emini emva kokusungulwa kohluke;
• Ukufunda izigulana ezikhulelweyo kwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwizibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo;
• Abantwana bahlolwa kuphela xa kwenzeka inkqubo yongxamiseko kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo;
• Ngokugqithisileyo kukho ukungahambisani nezinto ezichaseneyo, eziqukethe iodine.

Isiphelo

I-MSCT yinkqubo yokuxilonga engenalubuhlungu kunye nolwazi kunye neenzuzo ezininzi:

• Ukubonakalisa ngokugqibeleleyo amathambo omabini, kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo, iimithambo zegazi;
• Umlinganiselo ophezulu wokufunda kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezixakekileyo zeemeko;
• Umgangatho ophakamileyo wesiphumo, ubuninzi obuncinci kwintlanganiso yesigulane kunye neendleko eziphantsi kuneMRI;
• Ukuthatha iinkqubo ezincinci zokungeniswa kwenza kube lula ukwenza ukungenelelo ngoncedo olwenziwe ngophando;
• Ubuncitshisi obuncinane kwaye akukho mijelo emiseleyo emva kokufunda.