Murmansk: labemi, ubukhulu bayo kunye nokwakheka yobuhlanga

Enye izixeko izibuko inkulu eRashiya Murmansk. lwabemi beli 305 amawaka abemi. Indlela ukutshintsha inani abemi Murmansk kule minyaka? Uloluphi uhlanga abahlala apha? iimpendulo zale mibuzo neminye demographic ziya kufumana kweli nqaku.

Murmansk - isixeko kwi Arctic Circle

imvelaphi umdla kakhulu igama laloo mzi. Kumaxesha amandulo, la nokuxubana kule ndawo kuthiwa "Murman" baseNorway (ngokusemthethweni). Kungenzeka, kamva waziwa ngokuba ilizwe zasekuhlaleni kunye - unxweme koLwandle Barents kwaye i Kola Peninsula. Xa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwakhiwa apho izibuko, yaba igama layo - Romanov-on-Murman, emva kokufika kwamandla eSoviet similise i "Murmansk".

Inani labantu isixeko kunyanzeleka ukuba ukuhlala phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezinzima. Oku akumangalisi, kuba Murmansk ise kwi Arctic Circle. Ubusuku polar sisaqhubeka ngaphezu kwenyanga - ukususela nge-2 Disemba ukuya kwi-11 Januwari.

Xa zokwakha yokuhlala Murmansk alawule panel Izakhiwo eziphakamileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngokufuthi neendonga ezihonjiswe ngemibala. Ngale ndlela, abasemagunyeni isixeko ozama ukujongana "umbala yindlala" kuba apha ebusika ithatha malunga neenyanga 7-8.

Murmansk: labantu kunye namandla zawo iminyaka

Xa inani abemi besixeko sikhundla 64th eRashiya. 305 000 abantu - oko kukuthi abemi besixeko Murmansk busisigxina ekuqaleni kuka-2015.

Kunyaka wokuqala emva kokusekwa lali (ngo-1917) apho kwakuhlala abantu 1300 kuphela. Inani labantu kwisixeko Murmansk ekuqaleni ukwandisa ngokukhawuleza ngasekupheleni engama-20, emva kokuba ekusungulweni yiSoviet Northern Fleet. Phambi kokuqala kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, umzi inabemi yabantu phantse 120 amawaka.

Population wakhula nkqu ngexesha lemfazwe, njengoko Murmansk kukade icangcisiwe Enyanisweni kuphela izibuko apho eSoviet Union ukwenza urhwebo namazwe angaphandle. Kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini post-imfazwe, abemi abaninzi beso sixeko iye kabini. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, Murmansk wakhula ngenxa ikakhulu yokufika abafakwa.

nengxaki elibonisa yaqala kwisixeko kwi 90 ekuqaleni ', xa Ixhume abantu abatsha abamalunga nama-30,000. Le meko efanayo manyala eyayikho ngoko kuphela Grozny, asinda Chechen imfazwe yokuqala. Phakathi 1989 no-2002, isixeko "zalahleka" ukuya ku 150 amawaka abemi balo.

Nencindi kubantu abatsha kukhokelele kwenye ingxaki etsolo ngokwedemografi: namhlanje, ezimbi fixed ngonyaka Murmansk neqondo lokuzalwa kwabantu eliphezulu (malunga 0.5% ngonyaka ngamnye).

Murmansk: labantu nokubunjwa kwayo yobuhlanga

Lo mbono ukwakha isixeko kwizibuko kule ndawo lisukela emva-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane XIX. Zibonakalise ukuzimesela kwacaca: ubukho apha kukho zibuko yoBukhosi baseRashiya wavula ukufikelela simahla kwi-Arctic Ocean.

Ngowe-1916, phezu kwentaba yayakhiwe isixeko Murmansk. Phela, yayinguye yokuhlala yokugqibela, yasekwa kuBukhosi Russian. emva konyaka, njengoko siyazi, urhulumente tsarist yaphela.

Abase, yabemi mzi uniform ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokutsho kubalo yakutshanje labemi, ebibanjwe ngo-2010, Russian (malunga 89%), uhlala e Murmansk, Ukraine (4.5%), Belarusians, nangezinto, eFinland, kwakunye nabameli bezinye iintlanga.

Isakhiwo senkonzo yabantu ezidolophini umdla ngakumbi. E Murmansk kukho 17 amaqela zonqulo, kuquka indawo ekhokelela bobabo kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya na. Lo mzi iicawa Orthodox ubuncinane ezilishumi, apha naye ngusihlalo we Metropolitan Simon.

Thaca kwi Murmansk namaKatolika baphumeze inkonzo yabo Church of St. iNgelosi Enkulu. Bhalisa apha njengoko iicawa zamaProtestanti (ingakumbi lamaBhaptizi, Adventists, kwamaPentekoste kunye namaNgqina kaYehova). Yoluntu encinane Muslims Murmansk amilisele ngokwayo mosque. Ukongeza, esi sixeko ebhalisiweyo ngumbutho Krishna yonqulo "yoGcino-Gama kwi-Intanethi."

isiphelo

Phakathi imizi, apho esemva Arctic Circle, kunazo Murmansk. Abantu banyanzelwa ukuba siphile ixesha elide kakhulu ubusika belingqongqo, ubusuku yonyaka polar ngenyanga elide. Namhlanje ulikhaya ngaphezulu kwama-300 amawaka abantu.