Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant (Serov Metallurgical Plant ogama emva A. K. Serova.): Imbali, inkcazelo, iimveliso

Nadezhda (Serov) isityalo metallurgical kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-120, ivelisa iimveliso kunye billets netyhidiweyo. Kuzinza imveliso kaloliwe, kule minyaka iye ikhule ibe isakhiwo enkulu mveliso uluhlu olubanzi iimveliso. Emva kokungena phambene Mining and Metallurgical Company, inkampani iye yazuza umoya yesibini, ezinkulu-scale zezala ukuba batshintshele kulo emlilweni obuselukhambeni open amalahle kwi izixhobo ezikweni elivutha yombane.

Isityalo ukuba!

In-imi- 90 kwinkulungwane XIX, urhulumente yasebukhosini kukufundela umba ngokubekwa kaloliwe eSiberia yokuhlanganisa Central Russia kunye East Far. Oku isigqibo ukuba nabameli intsapho amanene Polovtsov, waba nempembelelo enkulu kwi Theological iSithili yakuMbindi Urals.

Ecetyiswa ukuba Auerbach injineli kwemigodi bavumelana ukwakha kummandla mveliso metallurgical ukulungiselela ukuveliswa yimiqolo, kodwa imeko kwentengiso kuqinisekisa imveliso kurhulumente. Malunga nonyaka zathatha thethwano. ulawulo indlela Siberian azimisela ukuthenga 5 poods komzila. Ingqinisiswe nezigidi ezi-2.5 engange Uvunyelwe ngenene ukuba imali yoluntu ukuze kwakhiwe i-Serov Metallurgical Plant.

isisekelo

Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1893, waqala umsebenzi kusimbiwa ukuba ndiseke ngezakhiwo elizayo. Kuba ukwakhiwa kwendawo ekhethiweyo singqongwe amahlathi kufuphi nomlambo Kakva River, 3.5 weekhilomitha ukusuka Theological Sosvenskoy kaloliwe. Ngelo xesha wamisa inani elikhulu lwezindlu kunye hozpostroek. Ekupheleni ubusika ka-1894 apha phakathi kweli hlathi phezulu idolophu, kamva ogama Serov.

Luyilo kwamashishini benza lonke iqela lweenjineli ebalaseleyo ngexesha lakhe: A. A. Auerbah yayinoxanduva ingcamango iyonke kwezakhiwo, F. F. Shtark ekuthini metal, AV Nikitin (umlawuli Sosvinsky sisityalo) kunye R. R. Tonkov kwakhiwa amaziko nokuphalazeka kwelifu, vula-eziko icandelo kaloliwe lokugaya kanye eziphuhliswe A. I. Meschersky.

Ukubeka umcimbi yemveliso omtsha indawo May 29, 1894, intsimbi yokuqala pud nezakha January 19, 1896, kwaye imveliso yokuqala - yimiqolo - wafumana Matshi 3 kuloo nyaka. Enyanisweni, ukususela ngaloo mzuzu iqala ibali Serov Metallurgical Plant. Hi ndlela leyi, inkampani yathiywa emva kokuba umfazi ngurhulumente umcebisi AA Polovtsov - Nadezhda Mikhailovna.

uphuhliso pre-revolution

Polovtsov yimpucuko enkulu safunqula ishishini elitsha. Ngelo xesha zokwakha kwaba eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye nemveliso kwi Urals. Izixhobo Kwathengwa kubathengisi baseYurophu eBelgium, eFransi, eJamani. Kakade inxalenye yokuqala isivumelwano sokubonelela iitoni 500,000 yimiqolo of yagqitywa ekwindla ka-1896.

Ukongeza isahlulo ngololiwe wasebenza izityalo ukuze lemveliso profiled nophahla kunye nentsimbi, kunye neemveliso eliyinjubaqa of preforms iqokobhe. ore High-grade (umxholo intsimbi ukuya kwi-60% kunye nobukho manganese uphucula iimpawu zesinyithi) anikezelweyo emgodini osecaleni ebizwa Auerbahovskim. Kamva, siye saqalisa uphuhliso ezinye imigodi - konke Serov Metallurgical Plant babezalana elimxinwa gauge kaloliwe.

zokukhula

Emva kweminyaka 4 yomsebenzi inkampani uqalile ukuluphawula ubunzima zemali. Ngeli xesha, ilali Serov inabemi malunga 10,000, na imveliso abantu abangaphezulu kwama-2100 wasebenza. asemva amaholo kwabangela ukunganeliseki olomeleleyo abasebenzi 1905 isangqa revolution wabumba, iliza elibethayo.

Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi izityalo waqhubeka. Ngowe-1906 isityalo lothuli enamandla 350 mm ezintsha zafakelwa kwaye 450 mm lokusila Mhise. It Kwaqalwa billets nentsimbi profiled. Ngo-1911, lwaza uMartin 6 kunye amaziko udubulo 7 kwi Serov Metallurgical Plant. Inani labasebenzi lanyuka ukuya 4000. yimiqolo Alone ziveliswa ukuya kwi-70% yabo ngumthamo opheleleyo we kwamashishini phambene.

Ukuqala yeHlabathi yokuQala akonwabanga iishedyuli imveliso. Kunokuba yimiqolo zentsimbi eyenziweyo neengcingo ezihlabayo, amaqokobhe, okusilelayo for izixhobo. isixhobo bakhutshwe Riga isityalo oomatshini uya kwandisa amandla emveliso. Ukwakhiwa kwamandla yakhe 7500 kW wathembisa amathuba amahle, kodwa nagryanuvshaya nengxokozelo sele kwangaphambili uphuhliso olungaphezulu nkampani.

Egameni wotshintsho

NgoDisemba 7, 1917 urhulumente omtsha uhulumeni nemveliso. Ekubeni ekwindla ka-1919 yaqala ukubuyiselwa ezivenkileni abachatshazelwa yimfazwe yamakhaya. Ngowe-1930, Serov Metallurgical Plant ogama emva Serov kokuba nezi ukuvelisa neentsimbi kunye neemveliso ephantsi-grade kwi lokunyibilikisa of ophezulu ezikumgangatho kunye yodidi ezizodwa. steelmakers Local ziye izihlangu ehlelayo yokuqala yehlabathi ngenxa tracks itrekta. Neentlobontlobo wongezelela:

• Billets ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo isikwere kunye iimilo ngeenxa zonke, ezifunyenwe iqengqwa.
• ekulinganisweni Rental wafumana inkqubo umzobo ebandayo kunye unyango lokusila ekujikeni-ezilandelayo.
• Steel drill kuthembeke.
• Ibhola ethwele yodidi.

Ngowe-1937 waba-high quality isongwe iimveliso ukuya kwi-70% (ngaphambili eli nani kunzima zafikelela 5%).

40

Kweli xesha eyandulela le mveliso waqhubeka ukuphucula ubugcisa metallurgical. Ngowe-1940-41 wawazi steelmaking anticorrosive prirodnolegirovannyh kunye xi 0.7% vanadium. Ukuveliswa iindidi ezintsha elingqukuva yentsimbi: cupreous kunye vanadium.

IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic yaba ngunobangela okufakwa iindlela ezintsha eyahlulayo. Ebudeni beminyaka 4 ekwandiseni imveliso ngokuphindwe 1.7, abasebenzi mveliso baye bafunda ukuba lengca iintlobo ezithile 100 ezintsha yodidi ingxubevange ekumgangatho ophezulu, njengoko kuyimfuneko ukuze ishishini ukuziphendulela, amandla, zobunjineli. Kwakhona, ubugcisa "yokuqala behlabathi" ziye zaphuhliswa lokunyibilikisa ferrochrome kunye ferrosilicon.

uxolo malube

Emva kwemfazwe Metallurgical Plant "Serov" ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi maxesha, ukwandisa umthamo. Ngowe-1946 wakha isityalo sintering, faka i chugunorazlivochnoy umatshini tape yesibini. Ngowe-1960 yaqalisa kwisitishana step-phantsi enxulumene kwinkampani Emanyeneyo Energy System of the USSR.

Ukususela ngo-1975, isityalo inikeza nemoto zasekhaya moya yodidi ezizodwa aluminium ukulungiselela ukuveliswa iimoto kunye neelori, emkhosini, oomatshini self-ngokwaso, moya. Kubathengi eziphambili na Ministry of Aviation Industry kunye nemoto iVolga. Kwakhona kulo nyaka, metallurgists ukuba ngokukhawuleza waqala ukuveza yodidi ezibuhlazarha yezixhobo oyile negesi ngaphambili ezithengwe kwamanye amazwe.

Kwiminyaka 80 eninzi ingqalelo yahlawulwa ukuveliswa ekuthiwa nokwahlukana. Urhulumente waseSoviet wathuma abasebenzi mveliso ukuvelisa iimveliso yabathengi ezinqabileyo, nto leyo kakhulu ekuthethwa ngaye esityalo. Kakhulu luncedo inkampani yaba ukuqaliswa ngo-1985 le nkqubo entsonkothileyo ngeentsimbi ezindala.

Kule 90 okuqala isityalo uxhaswe. Ngowe-2000 waya phantsi kolawulo "UGMK-Ubambe", nto leyo ukuba zinyuse ingxowa ekwakhiweni ngokutsha ngomlinganiselo omkhulu. isiganeko Revolutionary yaba ukuqaliswa kwe-kwitoni 80 mini-okusila, bavunyelwe ukuba bashiye emlilweni open-eziko eziyingozi indalo nangokwezobuchwephesha lixesha.

Serov Works Steel: iimveliso

Namhlanje, inkampani iyaqhubeka ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi iimveliso. Abathengi izinto ezifundiswayo yodidi 320, ngaphezu kwama-400 iindidi zemveliso liqengqiwe. Eyona ndlela engundoqo imveliso:

• yodidi exutyiweyo.
• Ihagu yentsimbi.
• steel asongwe (kunye spetsotdelkoy ukukala, bar).
• umbhobho engenanto, isikwere, yezihlunu.
• Blum.
• Vitriol.

Ngowe-2016, phezu inyathelo lolawulo Serov Metallurgical Yezityalo igama Nadezhda kunye amagama: ". Ukuze ukuthobela inyaniso"