Natalia Goncharova - artist biography kanye photo

Natalia Goncharova - ngomzobi abstract, nto leyo kakhulu iseliswelekile female avant-garde art. ubomi bakhe kunye nomsebenzi zibonisa gca intsingiselo ekuphuhliseni uluntu kunye nenkcubeko zenkulungwane yama-20. Imizobo yayo ixabisa eninzi imali, kodwa ke ngelo xesha watshutshiswa yaye yagxekwa ngenxa imbono yabo ethile yehlabathi.

Childhood nemvelaphi

Natalia Goncharova wazalwa ngoJuni 4, 1881 kwilali kummandla Ladyzhino Tula kwilifa kagogo wakhe, owayengekho kude Yasnaya Polyana. Yoyise Natalia uya uhlobo Goncharova, kweza umfazi Pushkin kaThixo, lo nobizo igcisa Natalia Goncharova. uhlobo lawo livela yomthengisi Athanasius Abramovich - ngunozala-mveliso ngelinen kummandla ukulungela ukusebenza. weza uninakhulu nguNatalia kwintsapho kwezezibalo ezaziwayo-kakuhle P. Chebyshev.

Uyise wegcisa Sergei Mikhailovich yaba wezakhiwo, ummeli Moscow Art Nouveau. Umama Catherine Ilinichna - intombi Unjingalwazi Moscow Theological Academy. Ebuntwaneni yena echithwe kwilifa kweli phondo, yaye ngonaphakade wabethelela kuye uthando ubomi yasemaphandleni. Qhagamshelana ne lobuciko washiya uphawu ngokweembono yakhe ehlabathini, yaye loo nto mbali art ukubaqononondisa lo isiphumo yokuhombisa umsebenzi wakhe. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-10 ubudala, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eMoscow.

ekufundeni

Ekufikeni e Moscow, Natalya Goncharova, i igcisa kwixesha elizayo, ingena lomthambo yabafazi, apho bobabini isidanga ngo-1898 kunye imbasa yesilivere. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba amantombazana aba utyekelo ukuqina kukha, noko sibi ebutsheni ithuba lokuba umculi. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, yena wayefuna yena, wazama ukusebenza amayeza, wazama ukuya eyunivesithi, kodwa ukuba bazibandakanye. Ngowe-1900, waba nomdla kakhulu kwimizobo, yaye kamva ngonyaka wangena School eMoscow of Umzobo eklasini of sculpture S. Volnukhin kunye Trubetskoy.

Isifundo wanikwa kuye kakuhle ngo-1904 waze wafumana imbasa yesilivere encinane umsebenzi wakhe, kodwa kungekudala besishiyile isikolo. Ngowe-1903 yena waya ishishini uhambo nangezakhono eCrimea kunye Tiraspol, nto leyo ebangele ukufumana zokuzoba iiphowusita mboniso lezolimo, kwakunye wabhala imizobo kunye watercolors kwisimbo impressionistic.

Le artist uMikhail Larionov wamxelela ukuba ukuchitha ixesha sculpture nokupeyinta ukwenza, "Vula amehlo akho emehlweni akho. Wena ube nangokuvulelekileyo for umbala kwaye fomu oyenzayo ", - wathi. Ukudibana ne Larionov batshintsha ubomi neenjongo zakhe, uqala ukubhala kakhulu kwaye ufumane isimbo yakho.

Ngowe-1904 Goncharova wabuyela esikolweni, kodwa iya kungena istudiyo ukuya ukupeyinta yi uKonstantin Korovin. Umfanekiso we intombazana akaninikanga phezulu, yaye ngowe-1907 wafumana enye imbasa. Ngowe-1909, ekugqibeleni Natalia ugqiba ekubeni ayeke izifundo zakhe, ezincina phambi kwezinye lawo.

imisebe

Kunye ne Mihailom Larionovym Natalia Goncharova, igcisa engobomi ngoku enxulumene ngonaphakade kunye ubugcisa entsha 1910s yokuqala, waba ngunozala lweentsingiselo avant-garde kwi ukupeyinta - Rayonism. Kuye ubize ukubuyela imvelaphi ekwakuphila kwangala yamandulo. ebaluleke ngokukodwa saqhotyoshelwa kwisingqi intsomi umculo unika ufikelelo kwinkumbulo somntu zembali bangavuki ngeso yokuluka.

Man, ngokutsho Goncharova kunye Larionov, Uyabubona ehlabathini njengeseti nocamba ezidibanayo, kwaye umsebenzi wegcisa ukugqithisa le mbono ngoncedo imigca ezinemibala. Early isebenza Goncharova baba ngakhanyi kakhulu novakalelo. It is hhayi kuxhotyiswa kuphela ingcamango Rayonism, kodwa ayefuna ukumngenisa izimvo ezintsha, ezo ke izele inkcubeko.

biography creative

Ukususela ngo 1906, uNatalia Goncharova, igcisa, iifoto imisebenzi inokubonwa namhlanje kwiikhathalogu ze lwembali ezininzi yodumo ehlabathini, uqala ukubhala ngokuzimisela okukhulu. A uhambo eParis, apho waphefumlelwa ngokwasemisebenzini Fauves uPawulos Gauguin, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ahambe kude Impressionism nokuzoba ingqalelo kwabo iimeko eziqhubekayo ezintsha. mculi Addicting wazama primitivism yakhe ( "Hlamba ngelaphu,"-1910), cubism ( "Umfanekiso uMikhail Larionov," 1913), i ukutsalwa.

Kamva, abantu abangoogxekani baya kuthi ukuba ezinjalo-isimemo akazange avumele ukuba ukuphuhlisa amandla italente yakhe. Kulo mzekelo, ke gqitha yaye esebenzayo. Ukususela 1908 ukuya 1911 yena unika izifundo zabucala studio lobugcisa ngomzobi Mashkov. Natalia kwakhona ubuyela ubugcisa zokuhombisa: ukubhala iipatheni lodonga, friezes utsala amakhaya. Le igcisa inxaxheba kumsebenzi Futurists Society, lisebenzisana V. Khlebnikov kunye Kruchenykh.

Ngowe-1913 Goncharova sirhoxisiwe kwi sokuhlola film "Lady kwi» le Futurists umdaniso owenzelwa №13, i tape engafakwanga. On the lokusinda kuphela indawo unganxibanga wayithimba Goncharova ezandleni M. Larionov. Ngowe-1914 kwakhona watyelela Paris kwi uphakamiso- Sergei Diaghilev. Ngowe-1915, igcisa ujongene nobunzima kakhulu imingcele. Ngowe-1916 wafumana kunikezo ukwenza umzobo sebandla Bessarabia, kodwa ezi zicwangciso ziye oluphazanyiswa imfazwe.

umsebenzi Exhibition

In the 1910s Goncharova bako kakhulu, inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ngoluntu wobugcisa. Ngowe-1911 yena, kunye M. Larionov Ihlela mboniso 'Jack of Diamonds "ngo-1912 -" Umsila Donkey "yaye" Salon ye-Golden eboyeni, "" World of Art "," ekujoliswe "," №4 ". Umzobi yaba yinxalenye yenkampani Munich "Blue Rider". Goncharov iye luxhaswe izenzo ezininzi kunye namanyathelo elo xesha. Kunye ke Futurists, yena wahamba malunga Petersburg sinobuso zipeyintwe, obekade bhanya zabo. Phantse zonke ezi ziganeko, kuquka imiboniso, yaphela ngo scandal ubize amapolisa.

Ngowe-1914 kube kubanjwe umboniso enkulu solo imisebenzi yi Goncharova, apho 762 imizobo zaye ukubonwa. Kodwa kwakhona khange ngaphandle scandal: umsebenzi sirhoxisiwe ngezityholo zokuziphatha okubi kunye umthetho incasa yoluntu.

Isizathu sokuba iziganeko ezinjalo iziganeko avant-garde ndandidla ngokuba Natalia Goncharova, umzobi, umboniso apho yokugqibela yaqhutywa eRashiya ngo-1915. Emva koko iRussia ningazange nimbone Imiboniso lobuqu kulo mculi yokuqala.

Ukuhluza iindaba kunye nezithintelo

Ngowe-1910 xa mboniso ye-Society of Free Aesthetics Natalia Goncharova, umzobi, ogama umsebenzi elidlulileyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukunakanwa okubi, libonisa imifanekiso eziliqela yabafazi abahamba ze ngomoya Venus mifanekiso. Imisebenzi babanjwa ngezityholo iphonografi, nto leyo engaqhelekanga thuba Tsarist Russia, apho imisebenzi yobugcisa abekho phantsi imingcele. Emva kwenye scandal uyise nguNatalia wabhala ileta eya kwephephandaba, apho abahlalutyi abakungcikive ukuba abazange babone umoya ophilileyo uyilo ngemisebenzi intombi yakhe.

Ngowe-1912, lo mboniso odumileyo 'Umsila esile "Natalia Goncharova, umculi emileyo igama avangardistki, ubhenca kumjikelo lwemizobo 4" Evangelist. " Lo msebenzi uye wabangela ubushushu phakathi censors zakhe nemifanekiso ezingenamsebenzi yabangcwele. Ngowe-1914, umboniso wedwa wegcisa ziye zisusiwe 22 umsebenzi, ngoko ke censors wada waya enkundleni, watyholwa uyanyelisa phezu Goncharov zenkolo. wema amagcisa ezininzi ixesha emva kwakhe: Tolstoy, M. Dobuzhinsky, uN Wrangel. Ngenxa igqwetha M. Khodasevich ityala elo, zazihlolisiswa irhoxisiwe. Goncharov wakhalaza abahlobo ukuba akazange aqonde ukuba iqhutywa ukholo lokwenyaniso kuThixo.

Goncharova - umbonisi

Natalia Goncharova - an artist owayeman obubonakala ezahlukeneyo. ubuhlobo bawo kunye Futurists kwakhokelela ukuba ukubhukisha imizobo. Ngowe-1912 yena, ezenzelwe iincwadi Kruchenykh and Khlebnikov "Mirskontsa», «The Game Esihogweni." Ngowe-1913 - umsebenzi Kruchenykh "Vzorval", "ohlala yedwa. Pustynnitsy "kunye nokuqokelelwa" uZadoki abagwebi №2 »iincwadi K. Bolshakov. Goncharova enye illustrators yokuqala incwadi eYurophu ukusebenzisa ubuchule zekholaji. Kwezinye yemisebenzi yakhe, limi phezu ngokulinganayo kunye namadoda iileta.

Ngokomzekelo, incwadi Kruchenykh "Imibongo ababini," iphepha-anesixhenxe 14 imizobo ezithunyelwe ukuba ngendlela efanayo ingcamango umsebenzi, kwakunye namagama. Kamva, kakade kwelinye Goncharova kudala imifanekiso for "Wabekeleni 'ukuze umvakalisi German for" I Tale of Tsar Saltan ".

izwe

Ngowe-1915 Goncharova Natalya Sergeevna (avant-garde artist), kunye neqabane ubomi bakhe M. Larionov waya Paris ukusebenza kunye yeqonga Sergeya Dyagileva. Buyela ku Russia ke kwakwenza revolution. Bahlala Quarter yesiLatini eParis, apho ngokufunza yokushiywa Russian batyelela.

EFransi, isibini ngokulungelelanisiweyo wajoyina walapho bohemians zasekuhlaleni. Abantu abatsha ahlela iibhola sa ukuba ngabapeyinti abo basandula kuqalisa. Indlu Goncharova, Larionov isivakashi rhoqo UNikolai Gumilyov, kamva, Marina Tsvetaeva, ababa ngabahlobo abasenyongweni Nataley Sergeevnoy.

Goncharova wasebenza nzima kakhulu ngexesha ekuthinjweni, kodwa dubulo okudala kwi imi--10, eRashiya akusekho abanamava. Nangona imijikelo yakhe "Lunenceba yengwamza", "Magnolia", "iintyatyambo anameva" ubuthetha ngaye nje amagcisa abaqolileyo kunye nangamafama asakhulayo.

umsebenzi theatre

Natalia Goncharova - an artist, yemiboniso apho yaba ubizo ngokwenene. Yena usebenzisene Alexander Tairov kwi seSigqeba Theatre ekuvelisweni "Ceza". Lo msebenzi kakhulu V. Meyerhold. Kwakhona imi--10, uqala ukusebenza Diaghilev, eyenza kwingxelo yakhe, "amaxesha Russian". E Paris, yena usebenza ballet "I Firebird", "Spain", "The Wedding." Goncharov iyaqhubeka ukuba asebenzisane yeqonga nokuba emva kokufa i impresario.

umsebenzi best

Akukho amagcisa abaninzi ababhinqileyo, kokukhona uya kuphumelela. Enye yezi manenekazi ezizodwa yaba Natalia Goncharova. Artist "umkhuhlane Spanish" nto leyo eye wathengisa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-6 neekhilogram, ushiye osisityebi ilifa. umsebenzi wakhe kwiimyuziyam ezininzi ezinkulu kwaneempepha zabucala ehlabathini lonke. Phakathi imisebenzi emihle iquka: "Hlamba yemizobo", "apile ukukha", uthotho "umkhuhlane iSpanish", "Phoenix Bird", "Ihlathi", "moya kuloliwe." Natalia Goncharova - igcisa ababhinqileyo kunye imizobo eqolo. umsebenzi wakhe 'Ukukhetha Apples "(1909) waye kuthengiswa kwifandesi phantse £ 5 million.

impilo Personal

Natalia Goncharova - artist, ubomi lakhe siqu into sobufundisi ngokusondeleyo zokudala. Nokuba kwikholeji wadibana Mihailom Larionovym, kunye naye waza wambhinqisa kwabantu ebomini. Babengabahlobo abamanyene kwingcamango enye, abahlobo abasenyongweni kakhulu. Kwanaxa e Paris Larionov Alexandra uyakuthanda Tomilina isibini kuhlala kunye. Ngowe-1955, ukuba satshata, kodwa ulwalamano kunye Tomilina ukusuka Larionov waqhubeka. Bonke wahlala kwisakhiwo enye kodwa imigangatho eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye kanye ebusweni ematyeni okunyuka kunye nokuguga, nomfazi ombi nesithandwa sakhe, uNatalia S. Tomilina wamtyhala. Oku kuncipha ekhawulezayo ukufa Goncharova. October 17, 1962 ihlabathi ushiye evelele Russian. Bamngcwabela lakhe Paris kumangcwaba ka Ivry.