Njengoko ebizwa mizobo uhlobo ezibonisa indalo? Imbali uhlobo kunye namagcisa

Ngaba bonke abafundi bazi igama mizobo uhlobo ezibonisa indalo? Kakade ke, lo landscape ukupeyinta, okwabizwa ngokuba art egadini. Ezi imisebenzi ebonisa iintaba, imilambo kunye nazo zonke iziqalelo yomhlaba zendalo elwandle,. Nebalulekileyo elementi ukwakheka inokuba imozulu.

Ezona ndawo ziphambili ezikhoyo uhlobo landscape

Komhlaba abafani, kukho nabanye eqeleni layo - isixeko, ilali, apho umbukeli ubona izinto umfanekiso emaphandleni kunye nohlobo, apho kungekho izakhiwo. Igama elithi "ububanzi" isiFrentshi, kwaye ubukhulu becala libhekisela uhlobo yokudweba ngoM. Ngoko kwathi ukuze umfanekiselo indalo kunqabile asetyenziswe umzobo omkhulu.

Uhlobo ezahlukeneyo zizakuboniswa landscape: i yendalo kunye ndoda siguqulwe. Hayi nje umlambo, ihlathi, elwandle okanye ezintabeni. Kwanokuba umzobo kwezityalo yesiqhelo nayo ingadityaniswa ukwenza uhlobo landscape.

Imbali ukuvela uhlobo

Landscape njenge uhlobo ekuthiwa Imizobo ezibonisa indalo, wabonakalaliswa kumaxesha amandulo. Ngokomzekelo, xa esekelwe Pompeian unokumelana inani elikhulu ngokwaneleyo lwemifanekiso landscape. KumaXesha Aphakathi, olu hlobo aqheleka kakhulu miniatures kunye icons. Kodwa Isinikezeli-landscape ukupeyinta kakhulu yokuqala ngazo imbali yezobugcisa yaseYurophu, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "Saint George".

Lo mfanekiso zipeyintwe elinesihlanu lamakhulu ngomnyaka weshumi, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi. Ku fanele ku brush Albrehta Altdorfera. Kungekudala ngokwaneleyo, imizobo uhlobo obonisa indalo, ozimeleyo ngokwaneleyo. Kwakhiwa ezahlukeneyo nesalathiso - oko ombambazelayo, zobugorha amaxwebhu.

Njengoko ebizwa mizobo uhlobo ezibonisa indalo? amagcisa-waziwa kakuhle le jenri

Ingakumbi igalelo elikhulu kolu hlobo wayengumzobi, Peter Bruegel. Enye imisebenzi yakhe ibizwa - "Landscape kunye Ukuwa Icarus". Indalo kusoloko yonke imisebenzi yakhe yadlala indima ebalulekileyo kakhulu. Ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, oko kukuthi, ixesha elandelayo ekunokuthiwa imizobo ngokungenamkhethe ezaziwayo-kakuhle ngumzobi Dutch uJacob van Ruisdael Isaacs.

Oku kweli xesha waphawulwa ngokubhala yembonakalo ehlambulukileyo. Akukho izindlu, izakhiwo okanye abantu. Mizobo bemvelo Yakoba Isaaksa kukhona kuphela yembonakalo Dutch. Basimisela kancinane ongqwabalala, udakumbile, kunye nemithi emikhulu, yaye ngokufuthi ngokwaneleyo ninikela isibhakabhaka gray leaden.

Amalaphu weshumi elinesibhozo leminyaka elinethoba

Ingakumbi liyathandwa kweli xesha le umzobi Italian Giovanni Antonio Canaletto. Yena waba inkosi kuyo landscape bokwakha. Kwaye le misebenzi iqulathe nkqu documentary indalo. Ngenxa yezi mizobo kube kufundwa nje kuphela ngezimbo bobugcisa kwexesha elidlulileyo, kodwa ezinye iimpawu nendlu.

Kwaye ngoku kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba wanikela umlaza ebanzi kakhulu (kokubini eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe) ngabapeyinti landscape ebalaseleyo. Amshiya eli lizwe, ukwenza imizobo-inki, usiba, ipensile okanye amalahle, waza waqhubeka nomsebenzi yabo studio. Ezi imizobo batshintshelwa ngelaphu, nayo yonke imibala zaye ekhethiweyo sele ezingqondweni zabo ezibonwayo. Le leminyaka iye yaziwa kokuba amalinge okuqala ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukwahluka yendalo, imibala Polyphony kunye nemeko ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Impressionists utitshala wakhe waziva artist IsiNgesi edume kakhulu John uConstable. Yena waba ngowokuqala umntu wazama ukuba ufake imibala isityebi womzobo.

ubume Russian okanye iinkalo uhlobo zobuciko

Isikolo landscape Russian nazo ngokubanzi yaqulunqwa. Ngegcisa elinye inkulu ixesha Savrasov, edume umsebenzi wakhe - ukuba "Le ehlasela Ngaba Ifike". Kodwa landscape umzobo Russian waba ngendlela ezininzi zemfundo. baba Imizobo ethandwa kakhulu kwi komxholo othi "Indalo" ngoIsake Levitan. Kuyinto jikelele lokuqala ngabapeyinti landscape Russian baqalisa ukuqhagamshelana iintlobo indalo nabalulamileyo kwaye bokubonisa oko, ukuba nayiphi na inxalenye yayo intle kwaye ezizodwa.

Kakade ke, ephendula umbuzo malunga igama mizobo uhlobo ezibonisa indalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba angamchukumisi umntu okhethekileyo uhlobo landscape Marina. Kwathi igama kwigama lesiLatini "Marinus", gama elo elithetha "lwandle". Oko kukuthi, ukuba ngokuyintloko umzobo obonisa ulwandle, imilambo, iingxangxasi, kodwa komqathango ukuba uthabathe inxalenye enkulu web. Zonke ezi mizobo i uhlobo olulodwa landscape ukupeyinta Marina.

Zabazobi edume nezithabazi

Umntu opeyintayo edume kakhulu marine eRussia Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovsky eNgilani akukho ngaphantsi ethandwa Dzhozef Mellord Uilyam Terner, naye wabhala nezithabazi. Omnye imisebenzi yakhe edumileyo - "Uhambo lokugqibela nqanawa" Babhunyulwe abantliziyo iyimbalasane "." Xa ngemizobo yakhe, lingaphantsi kusengqiqweni kwe Aivazovsky, kodwa kakhulu ngokucacileyo lithetha imvakalelo yaselwandle kunye ilanga.

Ke ukuba lo mhlaba ukupeyinta zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, kusenokubakho sakhunjulwa Salvador Dali nokupeyinta "Elephants 'yakhe. Ngaphandle kokuba lo mfanekiso ikwaquka imiba indlela surrealist sokubhala, kwakhona libhekisela umzobo landscape. Eyona njongo iphambili yale uhlobo - ukudlulisela iimvakalelo ukuba ufumana umbhali umsebenzi kwi Eyokuqiqa wendalo. Nokupeyinta ngalinye kufuneka akhangele oko, ukuze abaphulaphuli nako nje va sengqondo umzobi ukuba isiqwengana wendalo, kodwa ungathanda ukubona inyathelo eligcina umbhali.