Okubafaneleyo - yenye yeendidi iirhafu kunye iirenti

Okubafaneleyo - yenye yeendidi irhafu ngamakhoboka wanikela inkosi yakhe. Ngokwendalo yayibizwa, ukuba ihlawulwe iimveliso, imali - xa imali. Icala le fayile owadala ngamakhoboka, okt "surplus imveliso". okubafaneleyo Natural - yinto ezahlukeneyo iimveliso zolimo (imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo, iwayini), iimpahla yezandla. Ngu ziyintsikelelo ngenkulungwane ye-15 iyabuna ngcembe ukuya kwisiqalo. iirikhwizishini Main iba okubafaneleyo nje.

Njengoko le okubafaneleyo irhafu

Kufuneka ke ukuba irente eRashiya wabonakala ngenkulungwane yesithoba yaye ekuqaleni yemvelo. Ukulungisa ubungakanani bayo icetyelwe ngenkulungwane ye-14. Kamva, xa bebonke badlala indima ebalulekileyo kobudlelwane yorhwebo-mali, kwaye iirenti ngokuthe ngcembe eqala ukuba ihlawulwe imali. Best konke, le nkqubo ithabathe iingcambu emazweni Novgorod. Xa ngenkulungwane ye-16 ubonakala ziyintsikelelo, kukho uhlobo ukwahlukana phakathi abalimi: abalimi mihlaba ihlawulwe serfdom, kwaye urhulumente kunye woonongendi - iirenti imali. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-18 ziphila umbala buvele ngakumbi ngenxa yokukhula lobudlelwane emarikeni. Nxiba naye kuwo onke amaphondo inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha amafama onke (55% umhlaba non-abamnyama-26% kwindawo kumhlaba abamnyama). Ngoko ke, lo zoqeshiso - eli irhafu, imali leyo esisigxina yaye ihlawulwe kakhulu ngaphandle izimvo kunye neminqweno abalimi.

okubafaneleyo imbali

Phela, akukho iirenti imali kakhulu kuluncedo abalimi ngakumbi, kuba zinika iqondo ukuzimela kulawulo. Ngokwenene, ke ngoko, zonke iinzame ukuguqulela ingakumbi ushlyh abaqeshisi ngamakhoboka ukuba corvee yabangela uxhathiso yobundlobongela yabemi. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ngokuya kwanda, umsebenzi ngamaxesha athile, wakhonza indlela engundoqo ukufumana imali yokuhlawula oko kubafaneleyo, isixa ezimila malunga kabini (ngelixa Sasungulwa Holdings ziyancipha). Ngokuthe ngcembe kukho inkqubo yonke lwentlawulo engumxube, equka zombini iirenti imali kunye nezibophelelo zabasebenzi. Ngowe-1861, ebudeni ukukhululwa wokugqibela abalimi liyavalwa kwaye endaweni ngemali, kodwa ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-1863 abalimi baqalisa ukuba ahlawule kwetu enyanzelekileyo. Ukuhlawulwa okubafaneleyo ukuba abanini kwangaphambili. Ngaloo Zonke iintlawulo ukuyeka-irente waba kwetu.

uhlobo olwahlukileyo okubafaneleyo

Igama elithi "nerhafu" inomnye nkcazelo: ezirentwayo vacant lucinga umhlaba ngokuzithandela, amadlelo kunye namahlathi. Oku-ekuthiwa - 'imbuyekezo kwi rent. " Rent ezinjalo kunye neendawo ukubamba weasels, oonomatse, umhlaba Bortnikov, iisayithi ukuloba, isandi zasendle kunye namazwe bade kulinywa, wabashiya ngaphandle micinga. Ukuba abalimi bathathe umhlaba engenanto ezinjalo, iinzuzo evela kurhulumente iminyaka eliqela (exemption yonke imisebenzi kodwa, enyanisweni, lokuqeshiselwa, mali leyo ethe thethwana kwaye ngokuzithandela). Emizini anjalo ukuqesha isithuba iivenkile kunye Iiveranda zokuthenga. okubafaneleyo ezinjalo - oku nje intlawulo nanceba ukuba ilungelo lokusebenzisa kumazwe kunye neendawo, kunye transaction kuphela labucala kunye norhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, omnye kunye gama linye libhekisela iingenelo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. One - ukuba bazithobe kulawulo, omnye - intlawulo wokuzithandela kwirenti yomhlaba.