Passage IYA: inyathelo ngu step guide

Passage TO ukuthutha - inkqubo ebalulekileyo. Isebenza kubo bonke abaqhubi. Le nkqubo kokusungulwa ngokukodwa ukukhusela abemi ziingozi kunye nezinye iziganeko ezingemnandi ezinxulumene kunye nezithuthi. Emva ukuhlolwa technical - olu luvavanyo emotweni ukukhawulelana nemigangatho yobulunga efunekayo. Ukuba isithuthi ayikho oko, akuvumelekile ukuba ukuthutha kwindlela yoluntu. Ngoko ke, abaqhubi kufuneka kuqaliswe le nkqubo ilandelayo. Kodwa uba ezininzi iimpawu kunye bokuqonda. Yintoni ukuba siyilungise phi na? Kuphantsi kweziphi iingongoma kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuyo?

lwesigama

Inyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kukufumanisa oko ngokubanzi ingxelo ye TO. Le nkqubo, njengokuba kuthiwe, inyanzelekile kubo bonke izithuthi. Olu hlobo ulawulo lomgangatho isithuthi.

Ekwenzeni uhlolo ngenjongo bokwamkelwa isithuthi eqhuba endleleni, kwakunye ngenjongo yokwamkelwa okulungileyo yayo. Ukuba ungummi abaziphumeleleyo nkqubo, loo nto ibonisa ukuba isithuthi ngokupheleleyo zikwimeko elungileyo, akunamsebenzi kubangela nawo nawuphi na umngcipheko omkhulu, idibana ngokupheleleyo iindawo ezisezantsize umgangatho eRashiya.

Kuphephe akukho mfuneko. Kulo mzekelo, izithuthi abavumelekanga ukuba uhamba endleleni. umnini imoto kuya kufuneka ahlawule isohlwayo (idla ke umda isohlwayo kunye isilumkiso / lokululeka) ngenxa yokunqongophala kweenkqubo zohlolo imoto enyanzelekileyo. Ukuba ukuphatha yezothutho kuhlelwe, isheke luhlehliswe kwexesha elithile.

oomatshini abatsha

Kukangaphi kufuneka bapase một isithuthi? Kuxhomekeka unyaka wokwenziwa kulo matshini. Udidi lokuqala - imoto entsha. Awukwazi Ungakhathazeki malunga uhlolo lobuchwepheshe kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala.

Eyona nto kukuba akadingi ukuthuthwa entsha ukujonga ixesha elithile. Umnini umnikelo kangangoko engama-3 yenkululeko kule nkalo. Oko kukuthi, de kube mzuzu yokukhululwa kwayo emotweni kunye kweenyanga ngaphantsi kwe-36, akuyi kufuneka phele nto. Kodwa ukulungiselela le nkqubo ukho kum. Maxa wambi, le nkqubo ke nangoku. Yintoni na nezihlandlo OT kwezinye iindidi zezithuthi?

Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini

konke kuxhomekeke, kwakhona, kunyaka model isithuthi. Sele kucacile - ukuhlola entsha yezothutho angafunekiyo. Indlela ukuba emva kokuphela kwethuba leminyaka emi-3 ukususela kumhla wokukhutshwa umatshini?

Ukususela ngoko umnini kufuneka nakanjani zilungiselele ingxingwa TO. Le Okungumahluko xa ulawulo izithuthi kwixa elizayo kuhlelwe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ogunyaziswe ukuhlolwa zobugcisa wenziwe ngqo ngaphambi kokuba angene endaweni yendlela. Ziyenzeka kunqabile kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba kaninzi kunokwenzeka ukuba afumane lokululeka eRashiya, kwaye nkqu isohlwayo. Bonisa i "kwemitshini" wesithuthi nzima.

Kangakanani uthi loo vesi? Car ngetshekhi, leyo ndakhululwa kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ibanjwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini. Yaye nkqubo uya elinde ukuba abanini izithuthi kude kube imoto akayi kubulawa kwiminyaka 7. Yintoni elandelayo? Kweli nqanaba kukho imigaqo eyodwa esebenza eRashiya unanamhla. uya kuba yintoni na nezihlandlo OT kwezinye iindidi zezithuthi?

uhlolo lonyaka

Ukuba sithetha zothutho endala kakhulu, oko kuya kuba ngetsheki yonyaka ukuthobela kunye nemigangatho yobulunga eRashiya kwaye ziyasebenza. Eyona nto kukuba một yonyaka esongela zonke izithuthi, ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-7. izithuthi Old kufuneka ikhangelwe rhoqo, oku ke kuqhelekile.

Yiloo nto konke kufuneka ukwazi abaqhubi. Ezinye iindidi zezithuthi (hayi kuphela cars zobuqu) kuxhomekeke kwakhona ukuba uhlolo lonyaka, kodwa nokuba model ngonyaka. oomatshini ezinjalo ziquka:

• iimoto, apho ubunzima eliphezulu ngokuvunywe kwama-3.5 tonnes;
• izithuthi kunye spetssignalami;
• nawuphi na umatshini elungiselelwe umyalelo uqhuba.

Oku kuquka iimpawu ezinjalo ngoko ke indlela periodicity yabo. Kodwa ke imithetho ngentla badla isebenza izithuthi zikawonkewonke. Kuthekani ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhangela umgangatho kwezinye iimatshini?

Kabini ngonyaka,

ERashiya, inikezela imithetho ezizodwa enkalweni lokuhlola yobugcisa, ngokuxhomekeke kuyo udidi isebenza kwisithuthi ethile. Ukongeza kule meko zidweliswe ngaphambili iyakwazi ukuphawula enye ingongoma. Eyona nto kukuba nezihlandlo OT kwezinye iindidi zezithuthi "oomatshini 'ukwazi ukuba amaxesha 2 ngonyaka. Ziziphi iimeko na kunokwenzeka? ukuba:

• le bhasi;
• sithetha malunga iteksi (emelwe yimoto);
• ukuhlolwa lwenziwa ngenxa zothutho, enika ithuba abakhweli ethwele kwe-8 (ngaphandle isihlalo lomqhubi);
• injongo nokuhlolwa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neelori exhobele nokuthuthwa kwempahla eyingozi kunye nezinto.

Mhlawumbi zonke iifitsha equka nezihlandlo badlula uhlolo lobugcisa iimoto yeendidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku kufuneka afunde ezinye izinto silindele abaqhubi.

khangela ukuba

Njani na ingxingwa TO? Olu lwazi uluncedo kakhulu abaqhubi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yintoni kanye ikhangelwe emotweni. Emva koko ukulungiselela le nkqubo iya kuba kwangethuba. Ngako oko, ukufumana imvume kukhwela kwiindlela lali akakho ukuba umnini a no-brainer. Ngexesha kutshekisha kuya kwenziwa ngelixa uhlolo imoto:

• inkqubo unyathela;
• Power Steering;
• wiper ne washer;
• amathayara kunye namavili (ukuya ukukhangela ubunzulu enilinyatheleyo);
• izixhobo zokukhanyisa wangaphandle;
• Injini (kubandakanya ukufunda, ukufumaneka kwezinto ezinobungozi lwegesi imveliso leyo);
• namanye amacandelo (iglasi, amabhanti, nezipili njalo njalo).

Kwakhona Umnini sithuthi iya kufuna umqhubi ekhethekileyo yokuqala-zoncedo kwikhithi, siluleka unxantathu nomlilo mlilo. Konke oku kufuneka kube inyanzelekile, kungenjalo awukwazi ukuhlala kunye nokuhlola badlula zobugcisa. Ukuba sinikele ingqalelo lokugcinwa le sokucima umlilo kunye ikiti yoncedo lokuqala - kufuneka alinakuphelelwa lixesha. Xa kufikelelwe kwixesha elizayo, akayi kuba emva koko ukusetyenziswa amacandelo adweliswe ngaphambili nako ukusebenzisa, umqhubi kufuneka ukuba alumkise ngayo.

Tips ekuzilungiseleleni

Yintoni ekufuneka udlule into? Kukho iingcebiso ezimbalwa enokukunceda ngaphandle kobuxhakaxhaka ukujongana nale nkqubo. Kubonakala ukuba ngezixhobo zoncedo lokuqala kufuneka ilungiswe kwangaphambili umqhubi, isilumkiso unxantathu, kwakunye sokucima umlilo. Ukuba umhla sell-by, kucetyiswa ukuba indawo amacandelo ngasentla kwangoko. umnatha olongezelelweyo ukhuseleko.

Qokelela umqhubi zoncedo ikiti lokuqala ayikho imfuneko. Uthi akugqiba imveliso nozuzwe ezivenkileni izixhobo elishishina ngezithuthi kwaye izincedisi. Apho unako ukuthenga sokucima umlilo omncinane.

Phambi kokuba uye kwindawo okudluliselwa uhlolo technical imoto kuya kufuneka ukuba ukucoca. Ukuba oku akwenzeki kwenziwa ngethuba le nkqubo weNkundla unganeengxaki ezithile. Ukuhlolwa Ungakhankanya noba ukuyeka okanye wenze isigqibo sokuba isithuthi ezingahambelaniyo nemigangatho umgangatho nokhuseleko ezikhoyo.

Amaxwebhu ukuze zihlolwe

Amanyathelo okuqala endleleni eya kwimpumelelo eyenziwe - wahlamba izithuthi, baxhotyiswa yonke into efunekayo. Yintoni elandelayo? Inyathelo elilandelayo - ekulungiseleleni onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ukuze ingqinwe. Yintoni ekufuneka udlule into? Phakathi amaphepha ukuba umqhubi kufuneka ukuba sihlolwe, bekela:

• Citizen Identification Card (ipaspoti zesizwe);
• imoto TCP;
• isatifiketi sobhaliso lwesithuthi.

Akukho amaxwebhu ukusuka umqhubi asifuni. Kakade nangoko endiyibumbileyo, anikwe ikhadi ngexesha yokubahluza diagnostic. Kulo ngesiphumo uhlolo luya kuluhlu.

Ukuba isithuthi sithe sasiwa kwindawo ayikho umnini, ukongeza kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise amandla ligqwetha. ukuhlolwa Kungenjalo uya kwenziwa. Kuphela umnini okanye kugunyaziswe ngendlela emiselweyo umntu unalo ilungelo lokuba ukuqhuba imoto, kwakunye ingxingwa TO.

Ukuze ubuyekezwe

Inqanaba elilandelayo - ukusa kwinqanaba lokuhamba lokuhlolwa isithuthi. Ngaphambili, le nkqubo ikhutshwa phandle kuphela kwindawo lobhaliso emotweni. Ukuze benze oku, umnini wayeza imoto ukuhlolwa ethile indawo imoto. Kodwa utshintsho ephambili kwimigaqo yokwaluka UKUBA ukuba abemi ukusebenzisa ingcamango apho bafuna ukuya khona.

Ngoku ungakwazi ukutyelela ngokupheleleyo nayiphi accredited iziko / ingongoma vavanyo lokuqonda. Enoba yintoni isixeko noko idilesi le nkqubo wenziwe. Umnini wesithuthi ukuhambisa imoto nenkampani ezizodwa. Uyakwazi futhi basebenzisa amasebe endlela.

Kamsinya nje isithuthi unikelwa nokuhlola isiza, ukuba bammise phambi onke amaxwebhu adweliswe apha ngasentla. Okulandelayo, umqhubi elinde nje ukuba iziphumo. abasebenzi iziko sokuhlola ukuphumeza uhlolo zamacandelo zothutho, emva koko zonke izibonisi ebhalwe kule ikhadi diagnostic.

Xa le nkqubo igqityiwe, umnini kwikhadi zokuxilonga kwesithuthi. Kule nkqubo yonke ukuya esiphelweni. Uyakwazi ukuqhubeka kukhwela ezindleleni. Ukuba kuvela ukuba imoto nto ayinakuvunyelwa ukuba ukujikeleza isixeko, umqhubi ishenxisa ingxaki kwaye kwakhona udlula inkqubo lokuhlola zobugcisa emotweni.

Ingaba kufuneka ndihlawule

Yiyo leyo imithetho amanyathelo kweli thuba eRashiya. Akukho mntu unelungelo ukuphepha le nkqubo. Phambi kokuba uye amaziko uhlolo imoto, kufuneka kufumana elinye ixesha. Sithetha ixabiso le nkqubo.

Abanye badla bakholelwa ukuba le nkqubo ayikho kubiza lutho. Oku akunjalo. Enyanisweni, iindleko ukuhlolwa technical kuxhomekeke kummandla lokuhlala, kwakunye nodidi ekulo enye okanye enye isithuthi. Iimviwo engambi isithuthuthu - malunga 200-300 engange. Kodwa Iibhasi ziya kufuna abanini propati intlawulo yemali isixa ngokomyalelo 1500- 2000, ukuthutha abantu kwi-avareji kufuna 700-800 engange. Ulwazi oluthe vetshe Kucetyiswa ukuqaphela ngokukodwa amaziko uhlolo njengezenzekelayo kwi kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo.

CTP TO

Yintoni enye kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kuyo? Ingongoma kukuba mot oludlulayo - inkqubo mandatory ezifunekayo kwinkqubo MTPL inshorensi auto. utshintsho akutsha nje abonisa ukuba ummi linyanzelekile ukuba ahlole isithuthi iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokuphela ikhadi yokugqibela diagnostic. Ngaphezu koko sele ifumene CTP. Yinto zonke iinkalo ekufuneka ithathelwe umnini-akhawunti.

Ngenxa utshintsho kwimigaqo-inshorensi imoto yentengo, ukuze kuqwalaselwe ukuba ubukho ikhadi diagnostic xa uthenga MTPL akuyomfuneko. Oko kukodwa uxwebhu lokuqala kufuneka ibe. Kodwa ukubonisa oko akukho mfuneko. Emva kokuba yonke ingcaciso evela ikhadi diagnostic yesithuthi utshintshela irejista data enye imoto. Ukuba ngexesha nokufunyanwa CTP kunye umqhubi ecela uxilongo zothutho ikhadi, sikuncede waphula imithetho esekwe ngumthetho.

Isohlwayo sentlawulo emva kwexesha

Ngokubanzi, ngenxa yeenguqu zakutshanje, abaqhubi ecikizekileyo kwezolawulo ulawulo lwezithuthi ngaphandle một kwayekwa. Umnini angenza lokululeka. Kwaye akukho ngaphezulu.

Kodwa Code Administrative ithi ukuba ezinye iindidi zezithuthi (okanye mandithi, ezo kuxhomekeke ukuba sihlolwe lobambiswano amaxesha 2 ngonyaka) azise isohlwayo phezu umnini engekho wokuvelelwa zobugcisa. Ubukhulu ngokurhafiswa imali ayikho likhulu kakhulu - engange 500-800 kuphela. Eli zinga idweliswe kwinqaku 12.1, umhlathi 2 i-Code of Administrative mthetho.

Kubonakala ukuba ungenza ngaphandle izohlwayo. Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba lokuphumelela ukuhlolwa zobugcisa ingafuneki. Thenga inshorensi ngaphandle kokuba kuyingxaki kakhulu. umqhubi uya kuba rhoqo ukuyeka amagosa endlela. Abazange iwise isohlwayo, kodwa asongele ukuhluthwa mvume zokuqhuba okanye ukususwa isithuthi. Ukuba kuvela ukuba uviwo lobuchwepheshe ongenakuwelwa nasiphi na isithuthi sisebenza, inkampani uya kwenza lokululeka, uya kwenza into entle, kwaye liya kutshekisha omnye umatshini. Ngeli xesha, angamnqumamisa ukusebenza zeli qumrhu. Ingakumbi xa kuziwa kwi nkampani ezothutho, abandakanyeke ukuthutha abakhweli.

Kuko konke. Ngoku ke kucacile ukuba ndima TR. Iinkqubo uviwo asisiso njengokuba kuyoyikisa njengoko kubonakala. Akukho ngxaki abo ukubukela imoto yakho. Abanye kuya kufuneka ulungiselele kwangaphambili ukuba ukuhlola.