Prince Oleg: a biography of umsunguli kwamandla Old Russian

Kuthi kwakufika emhlabeni of Kievan Rus Prince Oleg of Novgorod ngokuqhelekileyo baqale axhuzule ukuyilwa karhulumente yamandulo Russian. Umfanekiso yokomfuziselo ngokwenene, njengoko isiqalo echaziwe sexesha elitsha, kwixesha elitsha. ubomi bakhe, abe enjengokufa, has a lot of puzzle for mbali. Ukanti Prince Oleg Veschy, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi, - umntu kakhulu umdla abaphandi kunye nabathandi eziqhelekileyo kudala.

Ukuvela ku Russia

Prince Oleg, ogama engobomi yaziwa kuthi nje kuphela, ingqalelo ngunozala karhulumente Old Russian. Wayengumzala edume Varyaga Ryurika, oko kukuthi, waye umntakwabo Efandy - umfazi umphathi. Kukholelwa ukuba i warlord oqhelekileyo Viking bathembela kakhulu. Kungenjalo, ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwe ukuba athathe unyana wakhe nosana? Kufuneka kucingelwa ukuba Oleg wenza isivumelwano kunye Rurik, mhlawumbi abanye inkululeko. Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa kunokuba ngokukhawuleza wabathimba ESmolensk kunye Ljubech uze Kiev. Hi ndlela leyi, isixeko segolide-angqukuva yathinjwa ubuqili babo: Vikings bamazwe ngaphaya kweendonga of Askold kunye Dir (nezikwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuye Vikings), wabingelela ngazo, ndinazisa yena Prince.

Impumelelo kunye nempumelelo

Prince Oleg, ogama engobomi kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku, eyomelezile amandla nokuba ngenkxaso ekufuphi izizwe Slavic eKiev, okanye kuphele. Apho wabamisela babe ngamakhoboka afakwa uviko, nto leyo singabi mthwalo kakhulu ebantwini. Kodwa impumelelo yakhe empi omhle ngokwenene. Amaphulo nxamnye Khazars wasindisa ilizwe Russian ekubeni uhlawule Kaganate polyude. Pal eConstantinople omkhulu, lowo amasango, ngokutsho Chronicle, Prince ebethelelwe ikhaka lakhe. Ngenxa yoko, abarhwebi Russian beningabakhululekileyo imisebenzi urhwebe Byzantium, bafumana kwinkxaso yakhe ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, Oleg Veschy Prince, imbali emfutshane kuxoxwe ngasentla, sinabo ngaphezu kokuba Rus ngaphezu Riurik. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba phantse akukho nto yaziwa malunga ngukhokho ubukhosi njengenkosana.

March on eConstantinople

Prince Oleg, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane esikhanyayo kwi Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka, - i-ubuntu obalaseleyo. Wahlela komjikelo edumileyo eConstantinople, emva koko wafumana igama lakhe - Amazwi. Zemihla uthi wathumela kwisixeko enempi enkulu ukuba amawaka amabini amaphenyane. ngasinye yabekwa okuvula ezine elinesibini. Umlawuli wayalela ukuba sivale amasango kwikomkhulu, eyashiya inceba eentshaba namadlelo kunye needolophana. Kodwa Prince of Kiev wayalela qhoboshela ivili isithuthi, apho umkhosi yafikelela amasango kaConstantinople. AmaByzantine sasisendaweni ilahleko, ngokunjalo wanikezela, ngokunikezela unikelo onesisa ukuya Oleg noxolo.

Ngaba kukho uhambo?

Prince Oleg, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane olukhoyo phantse kuzo zonke incwadi yembali - ngokomzekeliso impikiswano. Abaphandi kukho imibuzo ngaphezu iimpendulo malunga ngobomi bakhe. Ngokomzekelo, into yokuba iphulo lokulwa Byzantium Akubonakali kanjalo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ababhali kaConstantinople ikuchaza ngokweenkcukacha zonke Ukuhlaselwa ilizwe labo, kodwa iphulo Oleg ke musa sibala. Kwakhona kokubuya eConstantinople, Oleg kunye Vladimira Velikogo ziyafana kakhulu. Mhlawumbi lo Inkcazelo iziganeko ezifanayo. Ngelo xesha emva Oleg waya emazantsi esixeko kunye Igor, nabo waphumelela. Le meko kunye ababhali yaseYurophu ngubani yabonisa loo minyaka.

ingaba Inyoka?

Kiev prince Oleg, ogama engobomi yaziwa ubunaye izifundo iincwadi, wafa nje zilahleka njengoko wayebonakele eRashiya. Kulo efanayo Chronicle ucacisa ukuba kanye apho nomkhafuli waxela kokufa kwakhe ngamahashe yakhe ayithandayo. Varyag waba neenkolelo, ngoko wahlala phantsi kwenye isilwanyana sasekhaya wayalela abakhonzi bakhe, eyalela Uze umonge de ekufeni kwakhe. Ndakhumbula ke irhuluneli ngayo emthendelekweni, kodwa kwenzeka ukuba ihashe yalahleka kudala. Lusizi owuthandayo, kunye nomsindo ukuba wayekholelwa abavumisi, inkosana waya amathambo. Kodwa xa Wasondela phezu lukakayi, ndabona inyoka, ngoko imlume emlenzeni. Oleg wabulawa ityhefu.

Prince Oleg, ogama engobomi kudala kufundwe, akwazi ukufa omnye ukufa. A tale of ehasheni kunye inyoka, mhlawumbi ezithatyathwe Saga Orvarde Odda. Nangona ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba hero of legends yaseScandinavia kunye Lesiprofeto Oleg banye kunye nomntu omnye. Kodwa kukho ezinye izibakala ukuvumela ukuba bacinge malunga ibinokuba inyaniso ngokufa amanene. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi zilandelayo:

- Ngaba kukulunywa yinyoka Ngaba iibhutsi yesikhumba kunxitywa iingangamsha eRashiya? Mhlawumbi akunjalo, yaye Oleg weza entabeni amathambo ihashe zihlangu?

- Kuthekani ukuba inyoka watsibela kwaye zabaluma inkulu ngaphezu iincopho kweziqalo? Kodwa Ukraine kwi kummandla Kiev ezinjalo amarhamba apho!

- Njengoko umthetho, inyoka phambi Ulwamvila, neyomsondlo ezama ukukhasa kude. Akungebi babone Oleg kunye neqembu yakhe?

Kungenjalo, inkosana bafa ityhefu, kodwa inyoka nyebelele phezu injongo okanye wadliswa Oleg kwangaphambili. Cwangcisa, apho inyaniso, ngelishwa, akunakwenzeka.

izibakala ezimbalwa ezinomdla kakhulu

Russian Prince Oleg, ogama engobomi sele kwaziwa ukuba umfundi kuthiwa hayi kuphela yemihla Kiev ne Novgorod. Al-Masudi (Arabic umbhali) ithi malunga hambo ayiphumelelanga le Rus (500 iinqanawa!) On ebunzi kunye Olvangom kunye Al Deere wasePersi. Inxalenye zemveliso babanika Khazars, kodwa yokugqibela wamngcatshayo, bababulala bonke. Kukho wabulala phantse amawaka amathathu amadoda, yaye ngubani lihambe emva kuLwandle lweCaspian, iVolga Bulgars abulawa. Ngenxa yoko, isikhulu edume wafa phulo, njengoko kubafanele Vikings onesibindi.

Nali ke eyingqondi, imfazwe prince Oleg. Ibali lobomi bakhe zizele izikroba, ngenxa apho niyijikeleza le nani wahlala aura imfihlelo izinto ziyimfihlo. Mhlawumbi ixesha uza kufumana iimpendulo yonke imibuzo.