Qibla Direction: ukuba ukuchaza njani? Kaaba engcwele eMecca

Islam - senye yeenkolo omncinane ehlabathini, akukho kwahluka kakhulu ukusuka iinkolelo zonqulo wamandulo kunye mzuzu unalo abalandeli ezininzi ehlabathini lonke. Xa ubunzima uninitiated okanye kakhulu kutshanje ziguqulelwe kule ukholo ukugcinwa zonke izithethe ngemihla ukuba elibekelwe ukwenza Muslim athembekileyo. Kunzima kakhulu ukuba abaninzi ukujonga kwicala qibla, ngaphandle apho akunakwenzeka ukuba athandaze, kunye oluninzi namanye amasiko. Kodwa oku ngokuphambuka kakhulu kule mithetho, nto leyo kuthathwa isono Islam. Kweli nqaku, senza uchaze ukuba ukujonga njani ulwalathiso qibla ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kwaye uchaze ukuba kutheni le nto nal kubalulekile ukuba abathembekileyo.

Kiblah: elide kunye nexabiso layo

Igama elithi "qibla" wabonakala ngokoqobo ngaxeshanye kunye ukuvela Islam, xa ukuguqula agama ukusuka Arabic lithetha "into ephambi." Phantse wonke Muslim uyazi ukuba noncedo yayo naphi na apha ehlabathini nokujonga indawo apho Arabia. Yezobuchwepheshe (isixeko) kunye Kaaba engcwele indlela apho umntu kufuneka sithembeke ukuba athandaze. Le ngongoma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nawuphi na umntu othi Islam. Kodwa oku isenzo kuphela olawula indlela qibla.

Ubomi mihla imisebenzi amaSilamsi, ngokuxhomekeke wesijikelezi-Kaaba engcwele

Ukuze abathembekileyo bayazi kakuhle indlela enze nayiphi na imeko wona, umprofeti Muhammad washiya ngasemva njengesikhumbuzo le hadiths. Malunga qibla uthe nkqu ezimbalwa kubo. Umzekelo, isihloko kuvezwe kwi neeBhari hadith ibn Azib, Jabir ibn Abdullah, Amir ibn Rabia. Ngezi bantu Bamemelele yahlala injalo na umzuzu, zazingathandanga masicaciswe yaye ipeyintiweyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla ka-Muslims. Ngoko ke, makhe sijonge izithethe kunye nezenzo ngemihla ukuba kuthetha imfuneko iinkcukacha Uhlangothi qibla:

• Yokungcwaba kwabafileyo. Hadiths ukucacisa indawo ekhethekileyo emzimbeni ngexesha yokungcwaba Muslim - kufuneka ivulwe ngecala lasekunene, ejongene Kaaba.
• Slaughter yezilwanyana. Ukuba naliphi na Muslim liceba lixhele ezitho zine, usibeke isilwanyana kwicala lasekhohlo, kwaye intloko kuvuliwe ukuya eMecca.
• Sleep. AmaSilamsi kufuneka uye kulala; kokubona ngokungqongqo isithethe ngokubekwa abafileyo ncam. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu akakwazi ndivuka kusasa, ngoko ke ukulala Koran kuyalingana ukufa.
• Ukuchama iimfuno zendalo. Uthembekile Akuvunyelwe ngqo ukukwenza oko, babuya okanye ejongene eMecca.
• Namaz. Le misebenzi ibalulekileyo yemihla ngemihla, apho kuyimfuneko ukwazi kakuhle ulwalathiso qibla. Ekubeni umthandazo lwenziwa izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini, yaye abantu sasingahlali ndawonye ngeli xesha, ufanele abe nako ukufumana inkcazelo enokuthenjwa yintoni na eMecca wehlabathi.

Kakade ke, akukho onke amanyathelo ahadith. Sikunike kuphela eqhelekileyo kakhulu umdla. Noko ke, kukho uluhlu ezithile ngaphandle eziziimpawu ulawulo jikelele ukuba livunyelwe ukuba sifune ulwalathiso qibla ngexesha imithandazo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo nje ezimbini:

• Nakuba ukuhamba. Ukuba uhamba, kwaye kufika ixesha lokuba sithandaze, okanye elinye inyathelo le ngasentla, kuya kuthathwa indlela Qiblah apho izithuthi ihamba.
• Ingozi okanye ukugula kakhulu. Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba basengozini enkulu kusondela sisifo esibi okanye enye imeko ezibalulekileyo kuvela, ukuba athandaze, hayi egxininisa eMecca.

Sicinga zonke ezi ukuqonda ngasentla uza sele kubaluleke Islam nguye qibla. Ukumisela indlela yayo ehlabathini namhlanje uyakwazi phantse wonke umntu ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu. Kodwa akazange kule kota yaye kutheni reference eyinhloko eMecca? Le nto ke ngoku nina ndikuxelele.

Ukuvela kwe qibla

Ukususela kwimihla yokuqala ngokuvela Islam njengonqulo kwakukho isithethe ukwakha lokukhonzela aze enze yonke izithethe, ugxininise kwicala elinye. Kodwa ekuqaleni ukuba umzi Quds (yiYerusalem ke leyo). Yena kuthathwa kwindawo engcwele, nabo bonke othembekileyo, ukuchaza qibla, waguquka kuye.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Noko ke, kwavela nempikiswano phakathi amaYuda Medinan namaSilamsi. Onesethi yokuqala usoloko ethembekile amohlwaye ngenxa yokuba kukho uMprofeti uMuhammad ayikho nokuba nako ukufumanisa ngokuzimeleyo qibla kwaye baqeqeshwe kule art luphuma kumaYuda. UMprofeti ubuyeleyo uThixo isicelo, weva uSomandla wabo umthandazo, amaSilamsi babe qibla entsha. Ngoku ke kwafuneka ukuba bafune ubuso Kaaba engcwele. Ukususela ngoko, isiqhelo ayizange itshintshe, ngoko kubalulekile, kungakhathaliseki ndawo umntu akuyo yabo naphi na ehlabathini, ukuze wazi ukuba ibekwe khona eMecca.

Qibla: ukuba bahlole indlela

AmaSilamsi wazi iindlela ezininzi apho ukwazi ukubala ulwalathiso qibla. Abanye babo aye alondolozwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ngoxa abanye kuvele ngenxa phambili zobugcisa ixesha lethu. Siye ndawonye kwinqaku uluhlu oluninzi oluneenkcukacha zonke iindlela ezaziwayo:

• mosque;
• imephu eendawo;
• ikhampasi;
• asithoba iindlela zobunzululwazi Abdel-Aziz Muhammad;
• iinkqubo zekhompyutha ( "qibla Compass");
• imilindo mechanical;
• umbuzo umntu onegunya.

Ekubeni umbuzo kakhulu abalulekileyo nanomdla, siya kujongana imo ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo.

Isigqibo Qiblah mosque

Ukuba isixeko yakho mosque, ngoko aniyi uneengxaki inkcazo qibla. Emva ekuqaleni zonke Isakhiwo senkonzo kwihlabathi Muslim sakhiwe ngendlela yokuba yonke imithandazo zisoloko kongomisiwaka eka eYerusalem.

Ukuba uza mosque, khangela ngononophelo ngeenxa zonke, uya kuqaphela zinendawo elincinane omise - mihrab. Kungenxa yokuba umthandazo adibeneyo mfundisi. Nisha usoloko ezijolise ekubeni eMecca. Ngoko ke, xa sithandaza kwi mosque, ungasoloko qiniseka ukuba ubuso kwicala elifanelekileyo.

Xa abantu abaninzi, inceda ukuqinisekisa qibla umthandazo ityali e mosque. Xa uninzi lwabo utolo ibonisa ulwalathiso esayinwe "qibla". Oku kwenza ubomi lula for Muslims agcina zonke nemiqathango ye Allah. Kwakhona, xa kwiihotele ezininzi zehlabathi uyakwazi ukubona imiqondiso iintolo lokwalatha eMecca.

Kunika umdla ukuba kumaxesha amandulo ukuya kulwakhiwo zamaSilamsi isoloko nomtsalane oonocanda bezulu umdala osisilumko ngubani kanye athi apho kubaluleke Kaaba engcwele. Kwixa elizayo, ezi miba sasibhekiswa nabayili owathi, ukongeza uxanduva yayo ephambili, uhlangabezana njani nale kwenkcazo ulwalathiso qibla.

Ngoku ukwakha lokukhonzela kulula kakhulu, kuba ungakhankanya icala njengezichanekileyo ezahlukeneyo iindlela, ukuze isidanga omnye ezivumela ukuya ukufumanisa indawo iMecca ngokubhekiselele kwindawo ethile phantsi emhlabeni.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, kukho phakathi kwabo bonke zamaSilamsi Islamic eyedwa, umi ngenxa iimpawu zayo ezikhethekileyo - it qibla ezimbini. Thina ayikwazanga basilele ukubalula lo mmangaliso kwinqaku lethu.

isakhiwo okungaqhelekanga e Saudi Arabia

I Medina yi mosque ezimbini Keeble, okanye Masjid al-Kiblatayn. Esi sakhiwo nguye kuphela ngohlobo lwayo, kuba uye amabini mihrab, yaye ngaloo ndlela ubonisa qibla ezimbini. niche Okokuqala swi eYerusalem, uphinde okwesibini eMecca. Ukususela kule lokukhonzela enxulumene omnye kakhulu izithethe zamandulo Muslim.

Ngexesha ebomini uMprofeti uMuhammad, xa Qiblah wakhonza Quds, ngokufuthi wenza namaz endaweni mosque yanamhlanje. Kukholelwa ukuba le kulapho uMprofeti wathandaza Allah ukuba athumele phantsi qibla entsha kwimpikiswano elide phakathi namaSilamsi namaYuda. Kanye ngexesha lomthandazo, uMuhammad wafumana isityhilelo esivela kuThixo yaye ngoko nangoko wajika ukuya eMecca. ngoko nangoko zonke abanquli balandele kakuhle. Ngoko ke, emehlweni abantu abaninzi, isiganeko esibalulekileyo - ukutshintsha qibla. A lokukhonzela liye laba uphawu le utshintsho esibalulekileyo uchukumise ubomi ikholwa zonke, uye mihrab ezimbini.

Isakhiwo senkonzo ngokwayo senziwe izithethe intle izakhiwo Muslim. It has a imilo engqongqo zejiyometri, ekhokelwa zamaRoma amabini kunye uphahla. Ekubeni mosque kubekwe ethambekeni, oko buqapheleke ngayo iholo umthandazo udlula ukusuka komnye umgangatho ukuya komnye yaye iquka iseti nakwiingqameko. amajukujuku lobuxoki, ebonisa indlela yamandulo lomthandazo, kakuhle eqhagamshelwe gallery encinane isinyuko engundoqo kunye nabaphulaphuli. Le nkcazelo usukela inkqubo utshintsho qibla ezenzeka kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.

Ngaphandle, i lokukhonzela ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka uninzi kula maziko. Okwangoku, kwaba ngokutsha kwaye luyasebenza.

Indlela ukufumanisa ulwalathiso qibla ikhampasi

Le yenye yezona ndlela ilula kwaye ezingabizi kakhulu ukufumanisa apho ukhoyo ngokunxulumene Kaaba engcwele. Emva ikhampasi - oko isifundo into ethengiswa kwiivenkile ezininzi kwaye sikufanele kakhulu kancinane imali. Ngaphezu koko, akukho ngale ndlela, indlela enye okanye omnye ezinxulumene kwabanye abaninzi apho siya ukuchaza kula macandelo alandelayo kweli nqaku.

Umzekelo, wenza umthandazo eMoscow. Indlela ukujonga apho indlela ufuna ukuba nazo? Yinto elula. Umthandazo kufuneka uyazi, kuthekani abahlali kumbindi eRashiya imi kumazantsi eMecca. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uthathe ikhampasi ukumisela iingongoma le ikhampasi, uze uvule ukuya ezantsi. Njengoko ukuba zonke ezi amanyathelo alula, uya kusoloko uyazi indlela elungileyo.

Kuthekani kwezinye iindawo zelizwe lethu kunye namazwe angabamelwane? Wazi njani, umzekelo, ulwalathiso qibla ikhampasi in Makhachkala? Le akukho nkqubo ngaphantsi ilula: abo bahlala eCaucasus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan kunye Kyrgyzstan, kufuneka sikujonge emazantsi-ntshona. Kwaba khona nxamnye wabo eMecca.

Ukuya emntla-ntshona eRashiya Ukraine Qiblah ulwalathiso oluya ukuya ezantsi. ezinxaxhileyo Minor ekubaleni mgangatho St. Petersburg, kodwa akukho mthetho okhethekileyo. Le hadith ibonisa ukuba umthandazo kunye nokusebenza kwezithethe akuyomfuneko ukuba ukuthobela ngokuchanekileyo iqondo. Nje hlengisa ngokuchanekileyo esithubeni. Indlela ukufumanisa ulwalathiso qibla ngaphandle ikhampasi? Lo ngumbuzo eliqhelekileyo kwaye siya kukunika impendulo.

Imephu - oncedisayo ekumiseleni le qibla

Ukuba nekhampasi esandleni ungazange, abe ke imephu geographical ezandleni zenu, ngoko uya ngokulula ukumelana umsebenzi ukuze ufumane Kaaba. Masithathe umzekelo efanayo; wenza umthandazo eMoscow kwaye ufuna ukufumana qibla. Wena nje Kufuneka ufumane amanqaku ezimbini kwimaphu - eMoscow iMecca, uze emva koko ngokumisela amanqaku ikhampasi ukuze ukuya ezantsi. Abaninzi bedidekile othembekileyo le nto iingcebiso, ngenxa yokuba kungekho nekhampasi kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa iingongoma zekhampasi. Siza kunika uthsuphe wokuba:

• Shadow emini enkulu. Ukuba window ilanga, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ndiphume babuyele sokukhanyisa yethu. Isithunzi lehla iya kuba isalathisi ngasentla, ngasekunene kunye icala eseleyo kuba empumalanga nasentshonalanga ngokulandelelana. Lo mgaqo usebenza xa somhlaba saseNtla. E Southern isithunzi yakho iya kubonisa, phezu koko, ukuya ngasezantsi.
• Polar Star. Le indlela isalathisi samandulo oomatiloshe nabakhenkethi kunokuba luncedo ekufuneni qibla. Ukuba isibhakabhaka ebusuku icacile, wena ngokulula khangela North Star, ibekwe Umsila lekroza Ursa Minor. Ukuba zoba nkqo emhlabeni, yaye iza kwalatha ukuba entla kwayo. Ngasemva ngasezantsi, ngasekunene - ngasempumalanga, nangasekhohlo ethile entshonalanga.

Siyathemba ukuba ngoncedo iincam zethu uya kusoloko kuba nako ukufumanisa ngokulula indlela qibla.

Qibla kunye ibheke mechanical: indlela elula zifikeleleke

Le ndlela ngokusondeleyo nezimbini zethuba langaphambili, kuba kufuneka kwakhona ilanga nokwazi kanye apho nikhoyo, ukuqonda oko kufuneka wafuna yinxalenye yehlabathi.

Kufuneka ukubeka ikloko endaweni ethe tyaba ukuze utolo oluncinane isalatha ilanga. I-engile ngenxa phakathi uphawu lutolo ngentsimbi yeshumi elinesibini yahlulwe kubini ngokulinganayo, iza kwalatha ukuba bisector kunye nomzantsi. Yaye khumbula ukuba phambi kwemini emaqanda wasezantsi uya kuba kwicala lasekunene evela ekukhanyeni, yaye emva koko - ngasekhohlo. Sebenzisa le ndlela inokuba ukusuka ngentsimbi yesithandathu kusasa ukuya ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngokuhlwa.

umsebenzi Scientific Abdel-Aziz Muhammad

Kunzima kakhulu ukufumanisa ulwalathiso ngqo kwi qibla amaSilamsi ayehlala eMelika. Emva ulwalathiso yesiqhelo zibalwa ngokusekelwe kumgama mfutshane phakathi ngamanqaku amabini phezu komhlaba. Ngoko ke, phakathi amaSilamsi American ubunye kwi qibla. Maxa wambi umthandazo lwenziwa malunga ize eyolunye iqale ekupheleni kwehlabathi.

Malunga elishumi elinesixhenxe eyadlulayo lo mbandela sina imixholo nxaxamelo, nto leyo enza Abdel-Aziz Muhammad, uphando eyahlulelwe qibla phantse ubomi bakhe bonke. Wawusondeza abaphulaphuli umsebenzi wakhe lwenzululwazi, equlethe iindlela zobunzululwazi ezisithoba enokuba phambi kolwazi ezithile ezisetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla:

• Arithmetic. Apha, imithetho yezisombululo zoonxantathu ungqukuva, kwakunye formula i sine isiqingatha-engile.
• iitafile netrigonometri. Bona esetyenziswa iindlela ezimbini, kwaye zisekelwe ngakumbi izibalo zamaYiputa amandulo.
• Sphere yasezulwini. Le ndlela enhle eenqanawa, kufuneka ukuba babalise esiqu ububanzi Kaaba kunye engile utyekelo kwisigaba yasezulwini. Indlela echazwe kwi imisebenzi zenzululwazi lweyesihlanu, efanayo, kodwa isebenzisa isangqa kwisigaba yasezulwini.
• iindlela yesithandathu yesixhenxe zisekelwe ngokwamkela Kaaba njengesiqalo yamacebo navigation.
• Aa Incopho ilanga. Izihlandlo ezibini kuloo nyaka, inkwenkwezi wethu uba aa Incopho Kaaba, oko kubonakala ehlabathini lonke. Ngako oko kwanele ukubona le nto kanye bazenzela ulwalathiso engumzekelo ukuze bakwazi soloko ujonge kweli cala iMecca ngakumbi.

• ikhadi lomthandazo. Kokuba siye saqulunqwa ngokukodwa abantu of America kunye ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ezi ukubala engile kwicala elifanelekileyo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iindlela ezinjalo ezahlukeneyo bafunyanwa ukuba ichanekile kwaye zingasetyenziswa nangaliphi na ixesha.

software yekhompyutha

ulwalathiso qibla ukuba namaz uncedo ukuchonga iiprogram ngeyahlukileyo icomputer. Ngoku ke zithandwa kakhulu kokuhlambeleyo, kukho izicelo Smartphones nezidanga, leyo xa ibaleka bonisa u apho kufuneka ukuba aze ajikeleziswe ngexesha ubuso namaz.

Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba ezi nkqubo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, amaSilamsi amaninzi uzishwankathele phantsi kwegama elinye - ". Qibla ikhampasi" Ngapha koko, xa kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ikhampasi epeyintwe, utolo leyo eyalatha Kaaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo ezinjalo kufuneka isici:

• ixilongo izaziso malunga ekuqaleni umthandazo;
• ikhampasi;
• irekhodi mibhalo ethile yeKoran;
• uluhlu zamaSilamsi ezikufutshane;
• ikhalenda Islamic kunye like.

Enyanisweni, ezi nkqubo lula kakhulu ubomi abathembekileyo, kuba unako uzisebenzise naphi na ehlabathini. Ngoku ke phantse ndlela ichanekileyo yokufumanisa i-qibla aziwayo bonke.

Umbuzo kwelinye iMuslim

Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana ulwalathiso qibla, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, kuvumelekile ukuba ukukubuza umbuzo othembeke ngamaSilamsi. Abaninzi baxhalabile ukuba mzuzu ukuba intlawulo kwakhona ngokuphosakeleyo nokubi ukubonisa indlela. Khumbula ukuba kulo mzekelo, omnye umntu imposiso aziyi kuqwalaselwa sono. Zive ukhululekile ukuba athandaze ejongene indlela ethile kuphela, kodwa kwimeko lokufumana indlela ekunene kumele utshintshe. Kwaye ezinye amasiko ukwenza kwelo cala.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ukuba ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isenzo ngexesha umthandazo ukuba ukwenza impazamo, koko kufuneka ngoko nangoko uvule umntu kwicala lasekunene uze uqhubeke imithandazo yabo.

A amagama ambalwa esiphelweni

Siyathemba ukuba inqaku yethu iya kuba luncedo kuwe, yaye sinika zonke iimpendulo kwimibuzo enxulumene Qiblah. Ngoku ungasoloko enze imithandazo kunye nezinye izithethe zikhanyise Kaaba. Kwaye oko kulungile, ngokuba ngoko umthetho yi Allah ukwenza uMprofeti uMuhammad. Kodwa ukuze aphumeze yonke amanyathelo ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngokungqinelana ne-Koran kunye hadiths, musa ukulibala malunga into ephambili. Ubomi a Muslim oyinyaniso kufuneka sigcwaliswe, unobunyulu yokomoya nomnqweno baphile nenze ngokwemithetho bOyena Uphakamileyo, kwaye ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile awukwazi babone icala qibla - ungakhathazeki. I Hadith ithi ukuba kubhetele ukuba sithandaze ngokunyanisekileyo, engazi apho eMecca kunokuba ukuthandaza ngaphandle ilangatye ukholo entliziyweni, kodwa kwicala qibla.