Rabhi Chief of Russia Lazar Berl: engobomi, usapho. Incwadi ethi "The Jewish Russian"

Ngo-2010, ngokutsho kubalo, eRashiya wahlala kancinane ngaphezu 156.000 amaYuda, okanye 0.16% yabo xa bebonke. Olu hlanga, nto leyo kangangeenkulungwane batshutshiswa, waphila kamnandi kumhlaba Russian, bakha zesikhungu, kwizikolo zamaYuda livulekile, babhiyozela iiholide yamaYuda. Ukuphucula olusa phambili yobomi amaYuda ekulweni Rabbi eliyiNtloko eRashiya, ogama - Berl Lazar. Ngubani na yena? Apho avela khona? Njengoko wakwazi ukufumana intembeko kunye nobuhlobo nanto strong amagosa aphezulu?

Indawo isikhundla

Abanye bakholelwa Rabhi - nguye lowo yesikhungu, ezifana abefundisi Orthodox. Enyanisweni, bonke koorabhi azikho ababingeleli. igama lesiHebhere unako eliguqulelwa ngokuthi, "umfundisi" "mkhulu", ngoko ke umxholo wezifundo (njenge "unjingalwazi", "academic") ukuba umntu lowo wafunda Torah iTalmud. Ukongezelela, kwamanye amazwe, koorabhi kungenziwa eziqhutshwa ngamagosa karhulumente. Ulwazi ezi ubuqili kusinceda siqonde ngcono ngubani na le nto yaye yintoni Lazar Berl. idiploma Rabhi nanako 1988, ekupheleni le waseYeshiva (ephezulu yezenkolo) "Tomhei Tmimim", ibekwe eNew York. Rank ebalulwe idiploma yakhe - Dayan, kuba oko umgwebi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, Lazar Berl ezenziwa mthetho ekuhlaleni yamaYuda, isigqibo kumatyala mtshato, iimbambano ezoqoqosho kunye nezinye ishishini. Ukongeza, ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi karhulumente njengelungu kaRhulumente Chamber of the Russian Federation, Kojima waqala yangummiselo esayinwe nguMongameli Vladimir Putin ngo-2005. Ngenkuthalo ibambisane Chief Rabbi of Russia, kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe inxaxheba kwi-World Congress of ngeenkongolo kwaJuda Russian (njengosihlalo), intloko bameli, wanika intshumayelo, kwaye ngexesha lakhe nanceba ubhala iincwadi.

Ukuqala ebomini

Ngowe-1964, usuku entwasahlobo emangalisayo, May 19, usapho Milan urabhi, i nommeli we-Rebbe of Chabad - odumileyo Mendel Schneerson, wazalwa Umfana ogama Shlomo Dov Ber Lazar Pinhos kunye olufinyeziweyo Berel Lazar. ngobomi bakhe uyavuya kakhulu, amabala amnyama zocindezelo nentshutshiso. Little Berl ros phezulu ubisi nomama wakhe efunxa izithethe zamaYuda abaci of Chabad. Lazar ngokwakhe uyakhumbula, njengomntwana, waba izithixo ezimbini - uyise njalo ukuba abo basweleyo, kwaye Sherlock Holmes. Little Burl wayemthanda Conan Doyle yaye ndandifuna ukuba nomcuphi. Ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-15, wafunda i Milan kwisikolo esiqhelekileyo yamaYuda. namandla ngokomzimba bema ngaphandle, kwaba ezingcakacileyo, ababuthathaka, kodwa abagqwesa esikolweni. Xa-15 ubudala, wafudukela eMelika, apho abhalise kwi College yesiHebhere, wayigqiba yena, waya kufunda kwi waseYeshiva "Tomhei Tmimim". 23 ubudala Lazar Berl yaba umcimbi yomiselo (yokumisela), kwaye ndineminyaka eyi-24, wafumana idiploma isihloko Rabbi Dayan.

umshado

Abaphumeleleyo zenzululwazi kunye nobomi Rabhi liselula Musa ukungxama ukutshata, njengoko amaxesha amaninzi waxelela amanye abafundi bakhe waseYeshiva. Noko ke, unina wakhe bathandana elinde ngabazukulwana. Xa mfundisi uza kwenza imisebenzi Judaic eRashiya, unina wavuma ukuba ke uEliya waphuma apho, kodwa ke kuphela emva komtshato. Berl kwafuneka ukuba ukuthobela. Umfazi wakhe ngummi eMelika, wayengumYuda ngokuzalwa, ngutitshala ngu umsebenzi uHana Derain, ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Lazar Berl wadibana umtshakazi yakhe isono, kwaye ngoncedo wabantu. usapho uHana yayihlala Pittsburgh. Uyise, UHezekile Derain, kakhulu, Rabhi, waphakamisa iintombi (uHana oodade 2) kwizithethe kazwelonke kalukhuni bafundiswa ukuba babahloniphe kwaye bagcine imithetho zobuYuda. beza abantu abaselula kunye njengodonga endlwini, yaye emva kweenyanga 2 sitshatile. Unyaka babehlala eMelika, emva koko waya eRashiya.

abantwana

Hannah Derain iqwalasela yena umfazi onwabe, yaye uyaziphinda oko ngumyeni Lazar Berl. Family ngaye - lo nto ephambili. Esi sibini ngalo mzuzu abantwana-13, nganye ababathandayo kakhulu. I yokuqala intombi yabo Haya wafa eneminyaka eyi-6 ubudala. Ukuba oku kwenzeke, iindlalifa uLazaro uza kuba 14. Ngokutsho komthetho wamaJuda, kufuneka kukho abantwana abaninzi njengoko uThixo kubanika. Le ntsapho unandipha ngokucacileyo inceba yakhe. Umahluko phakathi abantwana apha kunyaka wonke okanye emibini. UHana, ephendula umbuzo ukwazi njani ukuba bamelane "iqela" enjalo, uthi basoloko ukunceda junior abaphezulu kunye Kakade ke, umama. Imfundo ithatha indawo apha ngokusekelwe imithetho kubuYuda. Bobabini abazali bakholelwa ukuba akukho Enoba ngubani oza kuba abantwana babo, logama nje babehlala kunye nokholo lokwenyaniso emphefumlweni. Le postulate lesibini kwimfundo - uxelele abantwana inyaniso, nokuba fiction engeyongozi, ukuba usana wadla semolina akathandwa. Nangona inani imisebenzi yasekhaya, uHana ufumana ixesha ukukhokela kwisikolo sabucala yamaYuda, yaye abantwana bafunde apho ukususela kwiminyaka emi-2.

Le ntombi endala

Lazar Berl noHana babe amantombazana-8 kunye namakhwenkwe-5. Intombi endala, Blum, owazalwa ngo-1991, ngoJuni, watshata Ayzeka Rozenfelda, esimaziyo thina uyise naye urabhi kunye umthunywa Chabad kakhulu, kuphela Colombia. Nazo uHana Lazare oselula, leyo, ukuba umfazi, lalidla entsatsheni Rosenfeld. Umyeni safika eMoscow ukuze uqhelane kunye umtshakazi Colombian eshushu ehlotyeni xa amazinyo Russian ebusika. Emva kweentlanganiso eziliqela, abantu abaselula bagqiba ukuba eganiweyo, yaye emva kweenyanga ezine ezinesiqingatha, ngoJuni 2011, ebibanjwe emtshatweni wabo. It ihlelwa enye iipaki ezinkulu kwikomkhulu. Ndiyavuyisana Blum noIsake, kwaye ahlawule imbeko yabo ukuya eliyiNtloko Rabhi of Russia beza kubantu abangaphezulu kwama-1,500 ukusuka eMelika, kwaSirayeli, Colombia, iRashiya, Ukraine kunye namanye amazwe, apho kukho ngumbutho Chabad. Berl Lazar icace into yokuba 2 eminyaka eyadlulayo, wayengacingi ukuba Ndinephupha an open yomtshato yamaYuda, kwaye ngoku Ndaphantsa kumbindi Moscow, oko kukuthi, kukho eninzi inkqubela ekuphuculeni imeko amaYuda eRashiya.

I omaziyo lokuqala kunye capital

Rabbi Berel Lazar kuqala waya eMoscow njengomfundi kule waseYeshiva. Ke kaloku kwathi ngo-1987, kanye emva kokuba ukumisela kwakhe, nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba perestroika, xa ilizwe enamandla ukuba ngokoqobo uqhawulwe. Berl ngokwakhe uthi ngexesha lakhe, akukho mntu wayesazi, ngoko ndikhululekile ukuhamba ezitratweni, ukukhwela kuloliwe leyo wayeyoliswa kakhulu. Ngoku imali urabhi oyintloko akakwazi. Yena ihamba phakathi isixeko kuphela kunye nokhuseleko. Utyelelo ku Russia, akwenziwanga kwaba kuphela nohambo kubakhenkethi. weza owahamba Chabad Young apha ukumisela unxibelelwano uluntu Russian yamaYuda kwihlabathi ngaphandle. Ngaloo mihla, akukho bani waba nomdla USSR kufa, yintoni Chabad Lubavitch, izicwangciso zayo, ngoko uthumo yaba yimpumelelo. Yintoni ubethwe kakhulu Berl? Ukungafihli, ngokunyaniseka iindwendwe abantu ngoko Soviet ukulungele ukwabelana yakutshanje.

Ukuqhubeka eRussia

Echukunyiswe ngotyelelo karhulumente Soviet Berel Lazar waqalisa ukufundisa ulwimi Russian, ukongeza Italian, IsiNgesi, Yiddish, isiHebhere, isiFrentshi, nto leyo ethetha ogqibeleleyo. Ngowe-1989, waya ukuvulwa eMoscow yesikolo esitsha yamaYuda, yaye ngowe-1990 nentsapho yakhe bafudukela eRashiya on a yokuhlala ixesha elide, kwaye phantse kwaoko (ekuqaleni kuka-1991) waye urabhi yesikhungo, ebekwe kwi-Marina Roshcha. Iingxaki eziye zenzeke ngaloo minyaka ngenxa yokuba amaYuda amaninzi, kamsinya nje eSoviet Union iwa nasemdeni zavuleka, ngendlela nexesha-sensitive bafudukela kwaSirayeli eMelika. Ngokuthe ngcembe, kunjalo, phantsi kwesikhokelo Berl Lazar, waqalisa ukuvuselela uluntu yamaYuda. Moscow - nto intle kwaye sixeko sikhulu eYurophu, apho bahlala elinesibini eziliqela abantu iintlanga. AmaJuda malunga 200 000. Uluntu inkulu eMoscow (MEOTS) elise Marina Ashera omgawuleyo. Apha akukho nje yesikhungu, kodwa kwakhona kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo zabantwana, sorority, iiklabhu zemidlalo, yeqonga, apho wadlala engahlawulwayo kunye namaqela yobungcali, iklabhu ishishini "USolomon", elinenjongo - ukwenza ishishini yamaYuda ihlabathi.

Ngeentsuku zeveki urabhi abakhulu

Abantu Russian yaye nangoku unobubele kakhulu kuzo zonke iintlanga, ububanzi-kuvulwe iingcango kubafundi abavela kumazwe onke, nangenxa abakhenkethi, kunye nabaziimbacu. Isimo sengqondo esifanayo kunye nathi kunye namaYuda. Berl Lazar kwi Russian usoloko ethetha ngentlonelo (ubuncinane, esidlangalaleni). Yena uyavuya ukuba abantwana bakhe abahlobo kunye nabantwana Russian, kwaye ulwimi lwabo eziphambili - Russian. Ngelishwa, kwilizwe zonke kukho abemi, le edala umdintsi ukuba abameli bambalwa yesizwe. Kweemeko zokonakaliswa kwezakhiwo kwenzeka eRashiya. Ngenxa yoko, emangcwabeni yamaYuda yatshatyalaliswa Malakhovka. Ngesi sihlandlo, Berl Lazar wacebisa ukuba umvuzo omkhulu zemali kwabo kuya kukunceda ufumane abo banoxanduva. Wakhupha uncedo-mali buqu batyelela esibhedlele kwaSirayeli Tatiana Sapunova wonzakala eMoscow kuba waye zokucoca ipleyiti kunye graffiti anti-isiJuda. Yinto zonke iinkathazo, oyiNtloko Rabi ayingozi ngemihla. Kodwa kukho ezininzi ezilungileyo, ezifana kuvulwe zesikhungu ezintsha kunye namaziko angamaYuda kuphela Moscow, kodwa kuyo yonke iRussia. Ukulungiselela le njongo, Berl Lazar uya izixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo (Perm, Barnaul, njalo-njalo), kuthe kwafunyanwa kunye amanyathelo kunye namanye amagosa.

Relations kunye noMongameli Russian

press phesheya ubiza Berel Lazar kuphela "urabhi Putin kaThixo." Kwaye ngenene, kwaba kunye ngoncedo uMongameli, uMnu Lazar ukuya abangenambuso amaSirayeli amabini kunye US, ngo-2000, wongezelela eyesithathu - Russian. Kwixesha elizayo, ngentsebenziswano aba bantu babini liye lakhula abe ubuhlobo nanto. Ngokutsho uHana Lazare, xa umyeni wakhe esiya incwadi yesicelo, abantwana baya kucela ukuba ubasuse nawe, okanye ubuncinane ukuze babingelele babo bakuziva uMalume Vova. Putin ivamile uluntu yamaYuda, ngeeholide yamaYuda. ulwalamano lwakhe ithemba kunye nomongameli akuthethi hide Berel Lazar. "Jewish Russian" - incwadi yakhe entsha ukuba urabhi uthi Putin licebisana naye kwimiba emininzi, yaye Berl amnike iingcebiso ngohlobo imizekeliso. Nangona mhlawumbi umguquli into akabaxwa. Noko ke, nina aninako ukuya engalunganga kwi umdla leMicimbi wethu kaMongameli zoluntu Russian yamaYuda, kuba nangona exakekile, ufumana ithuba lokuba ukutyelela imyuziyam yamaYuda entsha, oqulunqwe ngentsebenziswano ne Berl, yiya amaSirayeli ngenxa yokuvulwa lesikhumbuzo yamaYuda, ukubekela bucala iyure okanye ezimbini ukuze incoko labucala urabhi.

bamxolele

Lazar Berl kakhulu okuninzi iRashiya, njengoko iimbasa kuphawuliwe, amabhaso kunye neziqinisekiso. Imimiselo amabhaso ezisayiniweyo buqu nguMongameli Putin.

Imiyalelo emibini urabhi Russian ngo-2004. I wokuqala - "The Order of Minin kunye Pozharsky", okwesibini - "Order of Friendship".

Kunyaka olandelayo, 2005, zanikwa i "Order of Petra Velikogo", nto leyo enika ukuba sobukhalipha nesibindi nokusebenzisa imisebenzi yoluntu okanye zomkhosi kunye nemisebenzi ukuze kungenelwe yokomeleza Russia kunye imbasa "60 Years of woloyiso kwesesibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi."

Ngowe-2006, umfundisi wetyalike Russian wamnikela Golden Badge "Recognition Public", yaye 2014th - uMyalelo "Kuba Merit".

Berl Lazar and Chabad

Ihlabathi liphela uyazi ukuba ngoku intshukumo Chabad. Yasekwa ngonyaka ngenkulungwane ye-18 ukuze ekusasazeni iimfundiso umthetho ubulumko, ukuqonda nokwazi, kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwaba zinkuni, yintoni, musa ukukufihla oku, nithethe iintetho zoluntu, amanye amalungu intshukumo. Ingakumbi, babanga ukuba amaYuda - ngabantu abayinqobo, abo banyuliweyo, abangcwele bonke abanye kufuneka kunyulwa. I-Russian ukhokela intshukumo Lazar Berl. Chabad ebusweni bakhe okungalungelaniyo kunye barbarity kunye Fascism. Rabbi Chief imela kwavumela ngoxolo kweentlanga, ngoxa sifuna ukwandisa nokuphucula imeko yamaYuda. Ufuna ukuba balithethe ubalo, njengoko qiniseka ukuba akhe intsebenziswano-nkonzo kweli lizwe likhaya ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba ufunde njengoko ezisemthethweni.

ukunyamezelana

Eli gama yokuhlalisana kuthetha nokunyamezela iimbono ezahlukeneyo kunye namasiko. Ngo-2012, iinzame Berl Lazar eMarina Grove yavulwa Centre for Ukunyamezelana, apho kungekudala wavela isebe le-Russian Gosbiblioteki. Apho ukuboleka imisebenzi Schneerson, lo Rebbe yokugqibela Chabad. Book Berel Lazar uye wafumana indawo yayo Kumbindi. Ukuvunyelwa ukuba usebenzise ithala leencwadi eRashiya. Oku nje kodwa nemihlali.

Le ncwadi eyona urabhi eRashiya

Eli nani likhulu kwiimbambano ukubandlululwa kuluntu Russian kwabangela incwadi ogama umbhali Berl Lazar. "Jewish Russia" - ngoko ke kuthiwa. Lo msebenzi ke kubhaliwe ngesiHebhere, kodwa unako ukufumana inguqulelo Russian ye izahluko ngamnye. Ezinye izinto ezikulo, ukuze ikushiye. Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yonke into kwi nguqulelo engalunganga. Ungafumanisa ngokufunda kwindawo yokuqala.