Resource Ulwazi - ntoni na? Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ulwazi

Ulwazi zivela phantse naphi na - eendaba, blogs, kumava, iincwadi, iimagazini kunye namanqaku amaphephandaba, izimvo zeengcali, iintyilalwazi, kwaye nkqu sites zokuzonwabisa. Nganye kwezi mithombo nga kumiselwa njengesibonelelo ulwazi.

Yintoni na ulwazi? Olu lulwazi ukuba sizama ukufumana impendulo kwimibuzo yethu. Phendula umthombo ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke umbuzo sabuza. Ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ulwazi, namhlanje ngakumbi nangakumbi kudluliselwa kwi Internet, nto leyo kakhulu yendalo. Yintoni na imithombo yolwazi lisetyenziswe ngokufuthi?

magazini

Le magazini ingqokelela amanqaku nemifanekiso kwi ezininzi ezithandwayo, kwakunye iimaphu yeziganeko zangoku. Ngokuqhelekileyo, la manqaku abhalwe iintatheli okanye zizazinzulu nomntu nelungiselelwe omdala. Yintoni kusetyenziswa iimagazini?

• ukufumana ulwazi okanye izimvo malunga inkcubeko ethandwayo;
• ukufumana ingcaciso yakutshanje efanelekileyo kwiziganeko ngoku;
• ufunde inqaku ngokubanzi abantu abangekho ngokuyimfuneko iingcaphephe ngalo mba.

Iimagazini bukugubungele izinto kunobuzaza kakhulu futhi ube ezikhethiweyo elimxinwa. Nangona into yokuba ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ingcaciso yale hlobo luvuleleke kubo bonke, badla ke umdla kuphela khetha iqela labantu. Le log yingqokelela amanqaku ezibhaliweyo, njengoko umthetho, izazinzulu entsimini zemfundo okanye umsebenzi. Abahleli uqwalasele inqaku ukuba isigqibo sokuba kufuneka zithathwe. Namanqaku kwiimagazini kukugubungela izihloko ezithile kakhulu okanye intsimi elimxinwa uphando. Ezo ulwazi resource (nto leyo umda emxinwa, akufuneki ingcaciso) ingasetyenziswa:

• xa wenza uphando lwezenzululwazi;
• ukufumana eso sele sifundiwe ngesihloko esithile;
• ukufumana imithombo akhomba kwezinye izifundo ezifanelekileyo ngalo mbandela.

database

Le database iqulethe ucaphulo kumanqaku e iimagazini namaphephandaba. Kwakhona ziqulathe iilinki noa, blogs, iividiyo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zosasazo. Ezinye iinkcukacha ziqulathe Izicatshulwa okanye izishwankathelo amanqaku, ngoxa abanye ziqulathe iitekisi ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku, bakhangeleka ngathi izibonelelo inkcazelo ngekhompyutha kwaye zingasetyenziswa ukukhangela ulwazi zombini eziqhelekileyo nezeemfuno ezizodwa kakhulu.

amaphephandaba

Eli phephandaba yingqokelela amanqaku kwi iziganeko zangoku zidla kupapashwa kwi yonke imihla. Ngenxa yokuba ziveliswa ubuncinane omnye kwimizi ngemizi, oku ulwazi lendawo resource. Yintoni na iphephandaba njengomthombo wolwazi? Ngoko ke, kusiza:

• date ulwazi ngeziganeko ngamazwe, kwisizwe kunye bendawo;
• ukufumana isivi, izimvo, ingcali okanye uluvo ethandwayo.

Catalogs

Ikhatalogu ezicwangciswe iinkqubo zolwazi kunye nezixhobo, apho ilungu ngalinye unalo igama kwaye ingafunyanwa kwi uluhlu lubekwa lwamagama. Catalog iya kubonisa indawo komthombo ethile okanye iqela imithombo ngesihloko sakho. Bayakwazi ukunceda:

• ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni mithombo website ilayibrari okanye ukuthetha ngemeko yakho (ngoku alawulwa kumathala elektroniki, oko Izalathisi kule mihla - ukuba imithombo yolwazi lwe Internet);
• ukufumana apho into ethile elayibrari.

iincwadi

Incwadi ikhava phantse nasiphi na isihloko kwaye kunokuba yesayensi bezobugcisa. Ukulungiselela iinjongo zophando, uzakufuna iincwadi nokulungelelanisa zonke iinkcukacha malunga nesihloko efanayo (ukuxhasa ingxoxo ethile okanye ithisisi). Ukongeza, le ncwadi - yiyo ke imithombo yolwazi zixhaphakileyo lemfundo zombini online ne-offline. Iyimfuneko:

• xa sifuna ulwazi oluninzi malunga nesihloko efanayo;
• zokuthelekisa isihloko esithile esimalunga kwimeko neminye imiba ebalulekileyo;
• Khangela ulwazi zembali;
• Ukufuna Shwankathela ezahlukeneyo kunye neziphumo zophando.

encyclopedia

Encyclopedia - ingqokelela iirekhodi ezimfutshane ezineengongoma ezinobunyaniso badla ezibhalwe abadlali ezahlukeneyo zazi kakuhle kwisifundo esithile.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini iintyilalwazi: jikelele kunye weendawo. Izikhokelo Jikelele zibonelela overviews kwi kwizihloko ezininzi. iintyilalwazi zeziFundo ziqulathe olunzulu izinto ugxile kwenye indawo zokufunda. Zisetyenziswa:

• xa efuna ulwazi ngemvelaphi ngalo mbandela;
• xa uzama ukufumana iingcinga ezingundoqo, imihla ebalulekileyo okanye ingqiqo.

websites

Le nkqubo ivumela ukufikelela kwiindidi ezininzi ulwazi kwi-intanethi ngokusebenzisa browser. Enye yezona iinkalo ziphambili olu thungelwano uyakwazi ukufumana kunxibelelana komnye umthombo wenkcazelo efanelekileyo. inkqubo Web-based inika ulwazi kwezinye iifomati, ukongeza kokubhaliweyo okungenanto, kuquka ngokohlobo lwezandi, imifanekiso kunye nevidiyo. Ngenxa yoko, sites njengoko imithombo yolwazi lwe Internet, ukuze abe neemo ezahlukeneyo kwaye kufuneka:

• date ulwazi;
• Ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga nento ethile;
• ahlole ingcali kunye nakwiingcinga zoluntu kwizihloko ezahlukeneyo;
• awuyifumani ozithandayo kunye nomdla zobuqu.

Ngoko ungabona ukuba ulwazi kunye nolwazi imithombo namhlanje zisetyenziswa kakhulu kangangokuba i Internet. Isizathu soku kukuba uphuhliso World Wide Web, kodwa ngaphambili?

Imbali zophuhliso lwemithombo Internet

Ingcamango yokuba ngumthombo ngcaciso kwi-network iye yakhula kwimbali web uphendlo, ukususela concepts yokuqala iyaziseka amaxwebhu ezingashukumiyo okanye iifayile. Okwangoku, babugubungela umthombo ethile, leyo kuchongwa kunye negama nedilesi kwi-Intanethi okanye kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo womnatha.

resource Ulwazi - ingqiqo kuthetha ntoni ekuqaleni lophuhliso web?

Ekuqaleni lweziza elidityanisiweyo (iminyaka 1990-1994) wale nkcazo asikho akazange. Downloadable kwi Web ngendlela ethile izinto ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi emile iyaziseka, ingakumbi ngokohlobo iifayile kunye namaxwebhu anxulumene ukusetyenziswa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kwindawo (URL). resource Web ke zawahlela kuchazwa into zichongwe. Identification ngaloo lwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini: labathiya amagama kunye needilesi, le yokugqibela yayisekelwe kuphela kule ndlela yonxibelelwano. Ngelo xesha, imbonakalo yento e URI, URL kunye ucula akukho kodwa waqonda njengomthombo ulwazi ngendlela mihla.

Kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa Internet ekupheleni kuka-1990 i ngumthombo ngcaciso kwi-network baqala ukubiza into eye ungubani. Kule ibandakanya uxwebhu elektroniki, umfanekiso, inkonzo (umz, uqikelelo lwemozulu online), kwakunye nenkqubo yezinye imithombo. Ngenxa yoko, le resource sinokuhlala rhoqo, kwanokuba utshintsho yawo umxholo kunye kwexesha, ngokuxhomekeka ekubeni yemephu ingqiqo akawatshintshi kule nkqubo.

format RDF

Xa yakhululwa okokuqala ngo-1999, RDF iye yasetyenziswa ukuchaza izibonelelo, ngamanye amazwi, yindlela wokuhlanganisa izibonelelo metadata ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Inkcazelo RDF-resource yi iseti kathathu (isifundo, isivisa, injongosenzi) apho lo mbandela sisibonelelo eza kuchazwa, okt isivisa - .. uhlobo Property ezinxulumene resource kunye into - iqela data okanye izifundo resource .

Isivisa ngokwayo kubonwa resource kwaye ezichongwe yi URL. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu ezifana 'title' yaye 'umbhali ", emelwe RDF nezinto ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe recursively (njengoko isifundo yezinye ezintathu). Ngokusekelwe kulo mgaqo, ezifana RDF-isigama njengoko RDFS, ifubesi SKOS, baziqwebele ocacisa resource abstract - kwiiklasi zabo, iimpawu, ingqiqo, njl, eziye zachongwa kwi-URI ...

RDF Kwakhona ibonisa izibonelelo yokuchonga engaziwa okanye iindawo ezingenanto aziboniswa kwi URI.

Ukusebenzisa HTTP URI

URL-iidilesi, kwi HTTP ethile URI, adla ngokusetyenziswa ukuchonga izibonelelo ulwazi abstract. Ekubeni URI ekhombayo zinxulunyaniswa le HTTP protocol, kwakukho umbuzo malunga uhlobo lokuzazisa kufuneka zifumaneka ukulungiselela izibonelelo ezinjalo nge protocol usebenzisa i browser web kwaye ingaba syntax URI kunokunceda umahluko phakathi 'abstract "yaye" inkcazelo "oovimba? URI iinkcukacha ayiniki nayiphi na impendulo yalo mbuzo. Kuye Kucetyiswa ukuba le HTTP URI inoxanduva ukuphawulwa resource ngengqiqo lokuqala - umzekelo, ifayili, uxwebhu okanye naluphi na uhlobo ekuthiwa ulwazi lwezibonelelo kufuneka babe igama elingundoqo kwi egameni labo.

Njani na ulwazi umthombo?

imithombo yolwazi zokufundisa (kunye nabanye) asebenza kwi data ye zangaphandle okanye zangaphakathi.

ulwazi lwangaphandle - iinkcukacha ezithe zathengwa ngaphandle kwe into, kwaye ukuba, umlinganiswa ehlabathini jikelele. Ezo nkcukacha badla abuyonto ngokuphikisana. Ngokomzekelo, ulwazi malunga emarikeni, ukhuphiswano kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini, ubuchule intengiso ezahlukeneyo njalo njalo.

ulwazi lwangaphandle zingafumaneka kwimithombo efana:

• Le eendaba - iimagazini ezithile izihloko, iiwebhusayithi, amaphephandaba, nezinto ezinjengezo.
• ulwazi ezizodwa ngesihloko esithile - umzekelo data, ezoqoqosho kumazinga exchange kunye nemeko zemali kwi website Central Bank.
• ulwazi oluthile - namhlanje silulekwe yokusebenzisa iinjini Internet uphendlo okanye kubalawuli ezahlukeneyo.
• Ingcaciso evela kwii-arhente zikarhulumente - umthetho, nezinto ezinjengezo.

Ngaphakathi ulwazi - oku idata eyenziwe ngaphakathi nawuphi na umbutho okanye iziko. Kwabo ziquka, umzekelo, iinkcukacha malunga nokufumaneka kweemali kunye nezibonelelo umbutho. Omnye umzekelo data onjalo ukukhonza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo manani lwangaphakathi kunye izibalo.