Saprophytes: oko kukuthi, yintoni ukuba adle, apho ubomi?

Kwindalo kukho izinto - iintsholongwane, nomngundo, izityalo, izilwanyana - wondla iikhompawundi esele zenziwe organic. Umthombo amasuntswana carbon ngenxa kubo iimveliso ufile okanye inkunkuma yezinto eziphilileyo wendalo. izidalwa ezo zibizwa ngokuba "saprophytes". Yintoni na? Sizama ukufumana phandle kweli nqaku.

Imvelaphi yegama

Igama eli qela eziphilayo livela kumagama amabini Greek: "ziphuma" yaye "izityalo". Ukusuka apha ngokoqobo ukuqonda intsingiselo yeli gama. Saprophytes busetyenziswa ekutyeni omnye umsebenzi eziphilayo, esiqwini sesityalo kunye nezilwanyana, ngokufuthi - efile.

Indima saprophytes

Indima ezi zidalwa indalo kwi Kusasazwa zehlabathi kwezinto. Yonke into ephilayo kuze afe. Ngoko ke amalungiselelo ngokwemvelo. saprophytes abaninzi eyenzelwe nokulahlwa nyama. Ngaphandle kwabo, umhlaba onokuphila ukuba nje yezabelo ezantsi inkunkuma yabo, yaye umhlaba wonke fefa kunye kwenkunkuma kunye nenkunkuma iimveliso eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo - wabaphilileyo nabafileyo. Saprophytes badlale indima uhlobo janitors ecoca indawo ubomi obutsha. nabo nokucazululwa izihlunu eziphilayo zibe sezulu candelo, ezithi ke ngoko ezisetyenziswa ezinye izilwanyana ukuze igunya labo kunye nokusebenza.

Ziziphi bacterium abizwa saprophytes?

Lilonke inani iintsholongwane abahlala Umhlaba kakhulu ngokwenene na efanele ukubala ngqo. Cya ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa yokuhlelwa eziphilayo - ubukumkani kakhulu ezininzi. Uninzi amagciwane esele ikhona saprophytes.

nemisebenzi esisiseko

iintsholongwane Saprophitic: ntoni na? injongo yawo - ukuba ukubola izinto eziphilayo kwiindawo zasemanzini kunye nomhlaba, ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ehlukene, lo mjikelo imichiza. Azotobacter, umzekelo, athathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-nitrogen nitrogen. Abanye - zinendima ebalulekileyo ukuguquka carbon, isalfure, phosphorus. Ke indoda enye "Uncedo" iintsholongwane ukupheka ukutya. Ngapha koko, inkqubo yokubola lactic ixhomekeke saprophytes. cream Sour, cottage itshizi, itshizi, inegwele ubisi womoji-zonka, pickles, iziselo ephantsi utywala - ezo iimveliso ukuba akukho iintsholongwane yokuzithenga ayisekho.

ulwelwe Blue-eluhlaza

Ezi icyanobacteria abachaphazelekayo ekuvelisweni oksijini. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ezi ntsholongwane bamandulo baqalisa ukwakha ezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, koMhlaba. Ngapha koko, kwakungekho imithi, kunye nezinye izityalo ayikhuphi kwi inkqubo yefotosinthsis ioksijini. Bacterium khona. Nangoku - ngenxa amanani zawo ezinkulu - isabelo sawo ekuvelisweni kwegesi kubalulekile.

Umngundo kunye nezityalo saprophitic

Le Ubukumkani nomngundo nazo abameli kolu didi: ezincinane kunye neziphakathi, nkqu ezinkulu. Bona zisetyenziswa amagqabi paluyu ukutya, wamatye, neziqu namasebe, nomswane, amalahle, iintsiba kunye phantsi kweentaka, dander isilwanyana. Ngokubanzi - bonke organic, ukuba zikhona. Umzekelo, uqikelelo indawo namhlophe, naziiperile lozhnoopenok isalfure, Coprinus Shaggy, Aspen, neenkowane ezinde kukho saprophytes nabanye abaninzi. Amakhowa zasendle abaninzi ivela kwizityalo ephakamileyo (imithi, amatyholo) ngokuncedisana, ukuvelisa zonke iintlobo iintsalela izichumisi izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezifunekayo kwesityalo.

Ixabiso Huge (rhoqo - mnandi ngokupheleleyo) zonke iintlobo yokungcoliswa fungi-saprophytes. Bona afunyanwa rhoqo ekutyeni, ukuzitshintsha imisebenzi yabo kubalulekile, ukudala njengoko ezityiwayo kwixesha elizayo, kwakunye nemveliso non-ezityiwayo. isonka wulahle kunye ijam ezimuncu, incindi yeziqhamo enegwele, apple ebolileyo - 'izandla' zabo into. Wokumbiwa - Kombucha, Indian irayisi, ibile ezinzwaneni ekuvelisweni utywala.

Xa ubukumkani izityalo kwaye saprophytic. Yintoni na? Ezi ongekho flora ngokuqhelekileyo photosynthesis iziqalelo (zombala) kwaye le nkqubo yenziwa ngenxa bhetyebhetye ukusebenzisa amandla avela nomngundo, umzekelo. Ukungakwazi photosynthesis inokuba buso. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iintlobo zeentyatyambo kuphela elithile zixhomekeke nomngundo, kodwa unako ukwenza yefotosinthesis ngakumbi.

Ezinjalo izityalo ngokuba mikogeterotrofami. Ziquka ngaphezulu kwama-400 kuzo zonke iintlobo.

saprophytes Animal. Yintoni na?

Phakathi izilwanyana nazo izinto ezifanayo. Umzekelo, saprophytes ntwala (ezinamaqokobhe usapho). Ezi arthropods ungekho ngqo ngezinye izinto, kodwa iikhompawundi esele zenziwe organic zisafuna. Zisebenzisa isityalo sabo amandla ezibolayo okanye inyama yezilwanyana. Saprophytes ezingaphezu kwe-150 iintlobo ze amangolwane uthuli, abanye babo zithathwa ukuba allergenic. Ingabonwa kuphela phantsi ngemicroscope, njengoko sakugcina (avareji - 0.2 mm) ngobukhulu zabo. Siphila yesilwanyana - malunga ezine iinyanga. Ngeli xesha, nemalanana nemazi ixesha lokuba ungalibali ukuya amaqanda 300. Kodwa omnye nje yegram uthuli nga "bafake 'ukuba amawaka ambalwa zezi eziphilayo. Ukutya abakutyayo ulusu Imihlubulo umaleko labantu abakhoyo eninzi, apho umntu uyalala (njengoko inzululwazi, umntu siyifake nyaka ukuya kutsho kwi-700 grams amasuntswana ulusu kwabafileyo, kwaye zitya nezafayo saprophytes).