Spirography - ntoni na? somoya Spirography inyumoniya. Phi na spirography. Iimpawu spirography

umoya yabantu kwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba ezimbini ezinkulu - zangaphandle kunye kwithishyu. Nangona inkqubo yokuhamba moya ukusuka nakumarhanana emthini pulmonary alveolar kuphela eyokuqala. Ke ukuba isakhiwo yokwakheka welungu, singakwazi ukujonga ngokusebenzisa iindlela loxilongo radiation (X-ray, x-reyi, ultrasound, ukubalwa, ngemagnethi livakale umfanekiso) kukuvandlakanya sokusebenza kusinceda izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

indlela

Izigulane ezininzi pulmonologist okanye ingcali usapho, ukufumana imiyalelo kwesi sifundo, wabuza: "Spirography - loo nto" Makhe zama ukulungisa oku phandle kunye.

Inyani yokuba olu hlalutyo wabelwa ukuba abe abantu abanezifo inkqubo yokuphefumla, kwaye zisempilweni ngokupheleleyo, nkqu iimbaleki, kwaye ke ngoko kukho ukungaqondi. Ngoko ke ukukhanya spirography - yinto indlela ebalulekileyo isifundo komsebenzi yokuphefumla, evumela ukuba ngokubonelela uthelekelelo ukufumanisa ukusebenza kula maqumrhu ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke umzimba mpilo kunye nokususwa obaneleyo carbon dioxide. Yonke i data ngokwegrafu, oko kukuthi, ephepheni, nangona isiphumo yaba saziwa ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uhlalutyo. Iimpawu spirography ukunika ugqirha ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga ngokuma conductance kunye umoya amandla pulmonary evumela ukuba ukuchonga iyunithi bezityholo kunye namathuba ukuyilungisa utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kulo. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba ukuvavanya ukusebenza isiyobisi, ukususa spirogram ngaphambi nasemva nolawulo. Umzekelo, uvavanyo elula lwenziwa kunye bronchodilators isifuba okusolwayo.

ngokoMthetho

Ngoko ke, siye kujongwana nazo ingcamango "spirography". Njani na olu phando kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi. Oqeshwe ngalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kusasa okanye emva kwemini iiyure, ngokukhethekayo ungatyanga. Nakuba kunjalo kunokwenzeka nokuqhuba emva sakusasa ukukhanya, ukuba emva kwesidlo sele iiyure ezi-2 ubuncinane. Okokuqala, ukuba ukuhlalutya amanani musa ukunika ulwazi olungeyonyaniso kunikwa isigulane emzimbeni nasemphefumlweni ukuphumla ukuba imizuzu eli-15 ka behleli. Ebudeni beli xesha, sifanele bunjani izinga lentliziyo kunye neentshukumo zokuphefumla, nto leyo ethetha ukuba isifundo ziya kubonisa umfanekiso yokwenene impilo yabo. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba ngethuba leeyure 6-12 lokugqibela izigulane musani ukuthatha amayeza ukususela bronchodilator.

izixhobo

Okulandelayo, isigulane uhleli etafileni, apho i Spirograph, ubeke phezu ikliphu impumlo anikezelwe bonke emoyeni ngomlomo kuphela. Ngaphezu koko, elidityaniswe kuyo kwifowuni ngokusebenzisa ingundaba uze ucele ukwenza ingcebiso kugqirha ukuba umlinganiselo zonke iparameters eziyimfuneko. Njengomgaqo, mihla data inkqubo spirographs ngokwabo, oko kukuthi, ngokuzenzekelayo, apho isiphumo livela nangoko kuhlobo check ukusuka kwirejista cash: iphela njalo spirography. UNorma zonke izibonisi nayo ezikhutshiweyo isixhobo yokubala isini sabo lwezizalwane ubudala isigulane. Ke ugqirha, ukuthelekisa nabo enye kwenye, ityhila ukunyhashwa zalapha. Unako ukwenza uvavanyo emva ulawulo bronchodilators, leyo ibhaqa ubukho okanye ukungabikho ukusebenza kwawo. Ngoko ke, lo phando yenye yeendlela nendima ebalulekileyo lokufunyaniswa yempilo yomguli okanye izifo.

Ezibonisa zokufunda

Kubalulekile ukwazi nokuhlonipha uphando osihloko sithi "spirography 'ukuba olu hlalutyo bothi, njengayo nayiphi na, uye imbonakaliso ethile. ezizezi:

• utyando benzeke (ukuba uhlolo lomngcipheko ngexesha lomsebenzi);
• ezichongiweyo ukutswina, ukukhohlela, ukuphelelwa umoya kunye nezinye iimpawu isixokelelwano sokuphefumla kokuhlaziywa kokuqala yesigulana;
• Uxilongo yoleyo nyathelo sele ezichongiweyo sisifo yemiphunga ekhatshwa kwimiqobo inyumoniya okanye ukuphazamiseka enzima organic kwaye zisebenza inkqubo umoya (COPD, isifuba inyumoniya, iphika esinganyangekiyo), kwakunye novavanyo nothomalaliso emiselweyo;
• kumiselwa abantu abane yobomi, ukukhubazeka kunye nokufaneleka nobungcali izigulane une nesifo semiphunga;
• isifo cardiopulmonary, soloko ilandelwa yi ephula umsebenzi nokuphefumla (isifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile sinwenwa, systemic ukuphazamiseka zeethishu nokuqina).

nezinye iindlela

Ukongeza, hlale ukukhanya spirography kufuneka iqhutywe izigulane abasemngciphekweni ukwenzela izifo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. It smoker iminyaka yamava, abasebenzi kushishino enzima kunye namanye amashishini, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye zeyele kudidi imveliso eyingozi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Izimo kule saveyi yengqondo, etsolo izifo ezosulelayo, imeko ngokunzulu isigulana, isifo sephepha yemiphunga kunye bacilli, ukukhohlela igazi, ingozi yokuba isisu ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

analysis isakhiwo

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba abhaliswe kulo uphando njengoko spirography, izalathi si zokunikwa inkqubo yokuphefumla yabantu. Ngokusisiseko, zikwazi ukusebenza, oko kukuthi, musa zibonise ukuphazamiseka eziphilayo, yaye umoya amandla.

Iinkcukacha, ezi ziquka izinga yokuphefumla (inani ngomzuzu), nomthamo nokurhoxa (oko kukuthi, isixa umoya ukuba ungene imiphunga kwi impefumlo omnye), imveliso kwentliziyo (efana elidlulileyo, luthi kuphela ngomzuzu omnye), abalulekile umthamo lung inspiratory kunye expiratory (umlinganiselo iyohluleka ngamalungu), kunye nezinga ukusetyenziswa yokusetyenziswa ioksijini, umthamo ngenkani ngumphunga kunye inhalation (eyenziweyo lombane izihlunu zesifuba), isantya somoya, indeksi Tiffno ( kulinganiswa umlinganiselo umthamo expiratory ngenkani Umthamo womoya 1 okwesibini) kunye nabanye. Zonke ezi mpawu kunceda ugqirha ukwenza umfanekiso ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga imeko yokuqhuba iindlela umoya kwemalike irhasi eyaneleyo. Ngenxa yoko, oxygen kwe- kwenzeka nokwenziwa of njengamaqhakuva yayo kwemiphunga alveolar egazini kwaye baphazamiseka kunye amanxeba noshowo kwemiphunga.

Indima luxilongo

isifuba Spirography inyumoniya na iimpawu zazo zombini i nkqubo kwaye ekutolikeni iziphumo.

Indima ebalulekileyo uxilongo kwesi sifo udlalwa inhalation ngenkani kunye novavanyo ngumphunga, ngokusekelwe apho igrafu sakhiwe ngendlela ngokuzenzekelayo - "umqulu-flow". Kungenxa ukumila kwayo kukho ukusilela nokuphefumla bubonwa ngohlobo lwayo: ingqongqo (ezinxulumene nenkxwaleko lung eziphilayo), obstructive (ngenxa ukuhlukumeza umoya ngokusebenzisa inyumoniya okanye umthi alveolar) okanye oxutyiweyo. Kwakhona eziqulunqwe ukuncitshiswa umthamo kufumaniseka ukuba aba lolu ngenkani expiratory isantya sokuqukuqela igophe incopho kunye FVC kuluhlu 25-75%, ngokokuze umthamo inspiratory. Oku abangaboni kubonisa Pathogenesis of sombefu, apho kukho ziba ngesiquphe kumasebe bronchi distal, nto leyo ebonakalisa ukuhlaselwa Ukuphelelwa.

iimvavanyo

Obstructive uhlobo ukusilela yokuphefumla Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuqinisekisa izinga ukuyilungisa utshintsho, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukucwangcisa uxilongo kunye nobungozi besi sifo. Ngenxa yoko, uvavanyo iqhelekileyo na amayeza uvavanyo agonist B2-adrenoreceptor elifutshane-nokwenza, eziquka iziyobisi "salbutamol". Ukwenza oku ngaphandle iiyure 6 ukurhoxiswa eyabelwe amanye amachiza izenzo ezifanayo kubhalwa ngoko igophe "umqulu-flow". Okulandelayo, isigulana wenza inhalations elinye okanye amabini kunye beziyobisi, kwaye emva kwemizuzu eli-15 kuphela, isiqingatha seyure emva kokuba wenza spirography ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Yintoni na le hlobo isithintelo, ukuvumela utshintsho ukufunda kuhlahlelo indicators. Ngoko ke, ukuba yande ngaphezulu kwama-15% yeziphumo yokuqala, uvavanyo uthathwa positive.

enye indlela

Ngenxa yokuba izigulane nesi sifo kufuneka gqolo esweni nemeko yempilo yabo, kukho enye indlela yokubala kwigophe "flow-volume" - pneumotachograph. Xa kuthelekiswa spirograph oko elula, kwaye ngoko ke ifanele ukuba self-zolawulo sisigulane ekhaya. Ivumela umntu ukulawula ukusebenza ngemihla nezikhombisi kwenkqubo yokuphefumla, kwaye lula kakhulu umsebenzi ugqirha, njengoko ibonisa kakhulu ethembekileyo Dynamics esi sifo kwisithuba phakathi utyelelo kwiziko. Pneumotachograph naye ityhubhu kunye ngenyoka replaceable, ukudibanisa isigulane kwisixhobo computing onako ukubala ngokuzenzekelayo ezisebenzayo iparameters ezininzi kwigophe kunye 'flow-volume ".

isiphelo

Kakade ke, xa iimvavanyo ze kuxilongo ezisebenzayo uyalela kuphela pulmonologist, ngenxa yokuba kuwo kukho izikhokelo ezingqongqo. Okokuqala, yena, Kakade ke, kufuneka afumane imvume esekelwe elwazini ukusuka umguli, nangenxa yokuba uza kukuxelela apho spirography na, linjani na kwaye yintoni injongo yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba akhuthaze ukuthembana ndingumhlobo kagqirha kunye nomonde, kwakunye Ukudala imeko ovavanyo, ngenxa yokuba kuphela nentuthuzelo ngokwasengqondweni kweziphumo zokufunda yomguli afunyanwa ebalulekileyo. Kwaye kakade kwelebhu site, sisamkela ngokuhlahlela, chaza imithetho kovavanyo, ngoko iziphumo bekuyinyaniso nje kuphela, kodwa kunceda ugqirha ukufumanisa isifo yesigulane.