SS: photo, imilo, umqondiso, bayahlelwa emva kwemfazwe. SS - it ...

Emva emuva eJamani emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, eli lizwe yeyela nentlekele obukhulu. Isiphumo kwaba ukubunjwa yezizwe iintlangano wesizwe, abafuna ukucima imeko "abangcatshi" ngubani kubulisa iimbono yobukomanisi. Ibe phezu kwesi siseko kwabakho NSDAP iqela, inkokeli ezizinzululwazi eyadlala Adolf Hitler. Kamva, xa imiyalelo yakhe kwasekwa iiyunithi amabutho SS, amalungu kuqala wadlala indima akhusela lobuqu abanegunya.

Ngoobani aba SS? Amafoto, zimpawu, iiyunifomu, ukuqeshwa kwezi zakhiwo kuqhubeka ukuqwalasela umbandela.

Ngoobani aba SS?

SS - esikhethekileyo combat ophandonzulu amajoni amaNazi, leyo kwasekwa ekuqaleni imi--30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ezi kwaqeqeshwa amabutho ababekolo ebizwa ngokuba yi-amajoni unyanzeliso. Ngokusesikweni, igama Waffen-SS waqala isicelo 1939.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, i-SS phantsi Himmler, ababethwala isihloko Reichsführer. amajoni SS banelungelo ephambili ukufumana izixhobo ezingcono kunye nezixhobo ezintsha.

SS - kunyanzela ukuba wasekwa ngo-1933 ukususela agada lobuqu kaHitler. Ngelo xesha kwakukho malunga 120 abantu abanjalo. Kamva kula maqela baqala ukuthatha i unyanisekileyo ukuya intshukumo lwamaNazi kunye infantrymen abaninzi abanezakhono.

Ukuqulunqwa kwe zomkhosi units SS

Njengoko ka-1935 inani amajoni yabalindi lobuqu webutho ngayo Hitler linyuke ukusuka kubantu-120 ukuya-2,600. Kungekudala, i uMlawuli uthe nokuqaliswa yokuqeqeshelwa zomkhosi lizwe. Umphumo waba inguqu amajoni abathatha inxaxheba ekukhuseleni kwabasemagunyeni eziphezulu Special - SS-Verfugungstruppe. Loxolo, la macandelo babenze kuqeqesho combat phantsi kweliso elibukhali reysfyurera kunye ngokupheleleyo uyicima xa unayo ngexesha lemfazwe.

Ekuqaleni, iiyunithi SS kwabhalwa amajoni i Army ngokuzithandela. Ukwenzela ukuba kuqeqeshwe amagosa zezikolo zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa kwahlelwa Braunschweig kunye Bad Tölz. Apha baqeqeshwe azo iinkolelo imfazwe yamaNazi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba wonke umntu lujoyine SS kwafuneka bahlangabezane ezithile parameters, ingakumbi, kuba nomphakamo hayi ngaphantsi kwe-175 cm.

Special yingxenye SS

Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1939 ezilandelayo iiyunithi amajarha SS ahlelwa:

1. Esinenjini elihamba webutho - ezimbalwa elihamba, kwesimo, zokudubula kunye anti-netanki ithathele phantsi umyalelo Jikelele uSepp eDietrich, bahlobo basenyongweni kaHitler.
2. Webutho, "Deutschland" - bakha iinjongo ithathele-4, kwesimo kunye zokudubula. Amalungu izakhiwo ubumfazwe wathabatha inxaxheba umsebenzi nemisebenzi ejoliswe iwuthimbe lo Sudetenland ngo-1938.
3. Polk "iJamani" - ngokutsho isakhiwo, ifowuni waba esihambayo nomkhosi butho efanayo. Amajoni eyayiyinxalenye amanani bakhe inxaxheba umsebenzi Austria.
4. "INtloko Ukufa kaThixo" - ezi regiments abahlanu bama- SS, amajoni abo ngokuphawulekayo amava yokulwa. Ophelileyo kudlale indima yokuba amapolisa zangaphakathi linoxanduva ukhuseleko abameli zobunkokeli lizwe, yaye kamva zasetyenziswa abalindi kwiinkampu zoxinaniso.

Inxalenye yokuqala izimpi

Nangona i-SS - kwithala injongo ekhethekileyo, kukho imfuneko yokusebenzisa nabo kweli khondo ukuya imisebenzi zomkhosi ngoSeptemba 1939. Ezizimoto elihamba Division and "iJamani" ziye zithunyelwe ku Poland. Kutshanje yaba yinxalenye imikhosi 10 and 14. Webutho, "Deutschland 'inxaxheba kwisenzo ngoyaba kwi-Western Front.

iphulo Umsebenzi ePoland wabonisa ukuba SS - a eyarhaxwayo yamajoni, abanobuchule kwaye baqeqeshwe kakuhle. Noko ke, amanye amajoni le hlobo amajoni baziphethe ngokuzithemba ngakumbi yaye eza, njengoko oko kungqinwa iingxelo yeenjengele. Isizathu yaba ukuthingaza amagosa SS bathobele likhetha njengesiqhelo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, Himmler wenza ukuba regiments SS balwa ngokuzimeleyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba amajoni zizonke.

iyunifomu

Form SS kwakuba nebhulukhwe kakuhle oluhle abamnyama kunye nebhatyi. Omabini la izinto ezenziwe ngoboya yendalo kongezwe viscose. Oku kunceda ukwandisa iyunifomu nkonzo. Ibhulukwe ibhanti eliphezulu obudibene suspenders. SS enxibe ibhatyi breast olunye-aqulethe nepokotho ezine ezinkulu, ezibe zilungiselelwe izinto kunye nokugcinwa emthethweni.

Amalungu leeyunithi ayenxiba uboya ihempe grey nombala. Le yokugqibela esenzelwe kakhulu ngokukhululekileyo, evumela intshukumo ekhululekile kwaye ufudumale.

amajoni SS babenxiba zomqhaphu cap emnyama. On ngesigqubuthelo sentloko ephezulu nakwesezantsi ke nokumamela umthunzi ogama ezifane ukulwa ingalo. Iinjengele ayenxiba iminqwazi loyilo efanayo kodwa yenziwe nengubo emnyama.

zimpawu

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iiyunithi lwamaNazi empi, amajoni SS ayikho kwifom likaRhulumente ngumfuziselo Wehrmacht. Kunoko, wasebenzisa uphawu eyodwa SS, apho amaphiko okhozi yasasazeka kwenye osecaleni ngqo. Intaka efanayo kakhulu umfanekiso ixhona ibekwe phezu isidanga ngowakhe kunye swastika elisembindini. Umfuziselo onombala phezu iyunifomu kumkhono isilika okanye ucingo aluminiyam. A uphawu ezifana phezu ikepusi yakhe.

Xa elibonisa ilungelo lakhe imikhosi SS ibhatyi wabeka Rune "Zig" ngokohlobo i-oganogram imibane ezimbini. Ezi oonobumba kungenziwa zamfakamfele kwifom okanye athathe ngokohlobo icon yesinyithi.

Amajoni, okwabo kwicandelo olukhethekileyo "Totenkopf", endaweni runes SS zemveli "Zig" icon ayenxiba yokakayi kunye crossbones.

umfazi Women SS

Ukufezekisa izimvo zakhe crazy, uHitler kwakufuneka bantsebenzo abazinikeleyo nemiyalelo ongenalusini. Loo uMlawuli wafuna kuphela phakathi kwabantu. Enye abafazi abadumileyo kwi SS yaba Ilza Koh. Xa ndikwishumi elivisayo, waba ngumfundi olungileyo ulonwabele intlonipho kwabanye. Ngowe-1939, Ilse ligqibe ukuba ujoyine NSDAP. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva waba ngumfazi Karla Koha, lowo inxaxheba kwintlangano kwinkampu yoxinaniso yaseBuchenwald. obunazo Big umfazi SS oselula waya kunye ngobugqwetha ezifihlakeleyo indoda yakhe.

Ngowe-1936, Ilza Koh wafumana umsebenzi kwinkampu yoxinaniso. Ngelo xesha umyeni wakhe inti ngamandla phezu amabanjwa. Okwenzeka ezingatshabalalisa nokuba ngowuphi na abantu abamsulwa, kungekudala wafumana efihliweyo yokufun 'yakhe. In eminqubeni kwaqala ukuba ungoyiki ukusa ngaphantsi kwe-ngqwayi.

Kukho ubungqina bokuba Frau Goch wathumela amabanjwa kwinkampu yoxinaniso recalcitrant zizisulu izilwanyana zasendle kumyezo wezilwanyana. Noko ke, ukutshiseka kwakhe ngempela tattoo. Xa umyalelo wayo ulusu kwamabanjwa kwabafileyo, ezihonjiswe imizobo, waqalisa ukwenza yona yeyokuhombisa izinto ezahlukeneyo indlu.

Ngo-Apreli 1945, ngexesha ukukhululwa eBuchenwald amabutho uKarl Goch wabulawa phakathi kweminquba, apho akunjalo kwakudala kulahlwa bayahlelwa zabantu. Kodwa Ilse wakwazi ukubaleka ixesha ukuphepha isohlwayo.

Ngo-1947, iSebe lezoBulungisa wathumela imikhosi German ekufuneni amabanjwa owayesakuba yaseBuchenwald. Ngoko, kwakukho ubungqina obuphathekayo mthetho imfazwe nxamnye amabanjwa emfazwe Ilzy Koh. umfazi SS yathinjwa zize zithunyelwe kwiseli entolongweni ukuya ekupheleni kwemihla yakhe. Kungekudala, ongusihlalo owayesakuba kwinkampu yoxinaniso waso phezulu kwimakhishithi entolongweni wohlobo.

Bayahlelwa SS emva kwemfazwe

Ngokutsho ulwazi zembali, bonke ngethuba imisebenzi zomkhosi ngexesha Second World War yatshatyalaliswa malunga 180 000 amajoni SS. amalungu malunga 400,000 balimala. Enye amajoni 40 000 ingxelo ulahlekile.

Njengoko isiphelo ngakumbi SS? Ngexesha waseLondon trial-mthetho nxamnye noluntu baye batyholwa zonke emkhosini ukubayinxalenye imiyalelo SS. Abaninzi kubo bavuma yokubandakanyeka Ngenkohlakalo. Ngaphandle kuphela umntu bafunwe kula manqanaba lombutho izakhiwo karhulumente ngenxa ezemali yaye okunene akukho ndlela yimbi. Izityholo wona kunye SS, ngubani lungqine ukuba umsulwa yakhe empini.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoko sibonile, i-SS liqela eyodwa nabaphumi-Wehrmacht, leyo ekuqaleni lalisetyenziswa njengoko unogada lobuqu Hitler kunye nolawulo aphezulu NSDAP party. Kamva, amajoni SS wabandakanyeka ekuzalisekeni imisebenzi ekhethekileyo emkhosini. Ukungqinelana ubume xesha iinkampu zoxinaniso apho SS benza ekutshatyalalisweni amabanjwa ngezizathu zezopolitiko ngokobuhlanga. Xa ekupheleni kwemfazwe Nuremberg Izilingo ibhengeze amalungu SS enetyala olwaphulo-mthetho nxamnye noluntu.