Le impi ngo-1812 ekulweni umkhosi uNapoleon kaThixo

Kwaqala IMfazwe of 1812 yi umzabalazo wezigalo yenkitha karhulumente Russian, uninzi abalimi, kwakunye imikhosi umkhosi Russian ngasemva kunye izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo nxamnye amajoni uNapoleon kaThixo.

Abalimi baqala ukuxhathisa ngokuzenzekelayo abahlaseli singanyangekiyo e Belarus kunye Lithuania emva kokurhoxa umkhosi Russian. Impi yokulwela ichazwe ekuqaleni kule zokuvota ukungahoywa kwiidolophana kunye nokonakaliswa ukutya kunye nokutya. Ngenkuthalo movement kwaqala waqalisa ukuba ekupheleni kuka Julayi-Agasti e ESmolensk, yaye kamva ukulungela ukusebenza kunye eMoscow amaphondo, enamakhulu kwamaqela amafama balungiselela ukuhlaselwa amaqela athile yotshaba.

Zuza yobu ezinkulu udumo units S. Emelyanov, G. Kurin, V. Polovtsev, E. Chetvertakova V. Kozhina kunye nabanye. Wobukhosi uthathwa ekuqaleni kunye nangawathembanga ngayo intshukumo yabanqolobi. Kodwa sizoku lwisana yenzondelelo ubuzwe, ezinye abaqeshisi bahlela iiyunithi yabanqolobi Sasungulwa. iiyunithi Army zasekwa ukuze baqhube imisebenzi yabanqolobi emva imigca yotshaba. Iyunithi lokuqala ezinjalo, ebandakanya abantu 130, ahlelwe Colonel D. Davidov ekupheleni kuka Agasti 1812.

Ukubaluleka impi yokulwela ngo-1812 yaba ukuba umphathi omkhulu, MI Kutuzov, ukuncedisa ekudalweni iiyunithi zomkhosi yabanqolobi, ukunika imiyalelo malunga namaqhinga zabo yezixhobo. Wayefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba impi leyo subordinated kwizicwangciso eziliqili zalo yaye awayeyinxiba zilungelelaniswe. Ngo September zamaqela yabanqolobi umkhosi ziquka 36 regiments Cossack 7 regiments amahashe, 5 nomkhosi regiments kumaqela-5, 3 nomkhosi. imikhosi Army ekhokelwa data amagosa afana ivuma Davydov, AN Seslavin, IS Dorokhov, MA Fonvizin, AS Figner nabanye.

Inani elikhulu leeyunithi ofike iiyunithi umkhosi kuzinze okanye oko lisebenzisana nabo. Impi yokulwela ukuba bebhunga umkhosi wamajoni. NgoSeptemba nasekuqaleni Oktobha, amaqela yabanqolobi (umlimi kunye nomkhosi) yayibiyelwe eMoscow. Bayithatha phandle uhlaselo phezu unxibelelwano yotshaba, bambamba baza batshatyalaliswa convoys foragers. ukubaluleka Great saqhotyoshelwa ulwazi malunga utshaba weza evela kumaqela yabanqolobi, ngubani walungelelanisa kuhlaselwa iikampu utshaba kunye noovimba. Nemikhosi yazo ikwazile ukuba akhulule izixeko ezininzi (umzekelo, Vereya).

sele kudlule iiveki ezintlanu ukususela kwedabi Borodino, imfazwe guerilla sabangela umonakalo elibalulekileyo amabutho Napoleonic (abantu abangama-30 000 babulawa). Ngelo xesha, xa utshaba lweMedia, ukuba luqalile negalelo elibonakalayo umkhosi rhoqo ekulandeleni ekupheliseni imikhosi yotshaba, xa idlala indima enkulu ngokoyiswa amajoni uNapoleon kaThixo.

Kuba ukufaneleka kubalimi ngabanye ezinikwa ngokohlobo St George kunye nezinye iminqamlezo, kodwa ngokubanzi, umrhumo wabo awuzanga wenziwe malunga noku. Le mbasa kakhulu asebenze ixesha abalimi bekuya kuba, Kakade ke, kubulawe serfdom. Nangona kunjalo, lo khululo engenzekiyo.