Yintoni ukudilika: inkcazelo, oonobangela, iziphumo

Amaninzi kule iindaba kukho iingxelo kuwa ukuba kwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kweli lizwe okanye ihlabathi. Kaninzi siva malunga zekhephu lisihla kwimimandla ezintabeni. Yintoni uyawa amatye zekhephu? Njani umonakalo engakanani unako ukuyenza, kwaye kukho nayiphi na indlela bazikhusele kwezi ngezenzeko zendalo?

kuwa

Flash ukwahlukana yamatye ukusuka ubuninzi ekuthiwa kokuwa. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke ezintabeni, kunxweme imixawuka kweelwandle, ngasechwebeni emilanjeni nasemifuleni. Yani na ukuba ilizwe elele ethambekeni, ngesiquphe siyabutyaka?

Amaninzi landslides kwenzeka ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

- ngenxa ngokuhlamba kwamanzi isuse steepness ye ithambeka banda,
- xa ilele ngokugqithisileyo okanye imo yezulu yamatye amandla liyancipha,
- phantsi impembelelo yenyikima,
- ngenxa izenzo zabantu.

Ukuwa umhlaba rock ethambileyo kuphela. Kudla ukuba ilitye Ngenxa single ezintabeni, ziyawa ithambeka, urhuqa kumakhulu abanye, oko kuthiwa ukudilika. kuwa ezinkulu kuvela ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba nazo. Kwenzeka ukuba kude kwiindawo ezihlala abantu, iziganeko ezinjalo ezingenza abe yintlekele. Okubaluleke kakhulu babo bade bakwazi ukutshintsha isimo se ngengingqi. Yintoni na ukuwa, ungabona ngokucacileyo ngokundwendwela i Lake Sarez. Ukuba lenzeka ngenxa ukuwa esomelela 1911, apho wabandakanyeka billion 2.2 cubic metres elulwalweni. Ubunzima esikhulu bawela umlambo, uvimba kuyo. Ngale ndlela, yaye eli chibi kwasekwa.

iintlobo

Ngoku ke kucacile ukuba kuwa ezinjalo. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ukuwa njengenxalenye ngaphantsi kwe-5 cubic metres zeengxondorha, uthathwa ukuba ukudilika encinane kakhulu. Small - up to cubic metres-50. Umyinge - evela eemitha 50 cubic ukuya ngetoni nganye. I enkulu ibandakanya ngaphezu kwesinye ton rock.

Ngokwe-manani zonke kuwela ezinkulu - encinane. kwenzeka zabo malunga ne-70% yenani lilonke. Umyinge - kwindawo yesibini: umyalelo we-15%. Ngoko amakhulu ezinqabileyo - ngaphantsi kwe-5% yabo bebonke. Ezinqabe kakhulu - kunye kumaza ye 0.05% - kukho kuwa ezikhulu okanye yintlekele yodwa. Xa iziganeko ezinjalo ababandakanyekayo isixa esikhulu yamatye - izigidi zezigidi cubic metres.

imiphumela

Uninzi ihlabathi uyazi ukuba kuwa ezinjalo. Kwaye sonke siyazi ukuba ubungakanani ngamanye amaxesha ngendlela encomekayo. Ukongeza, imiphumo landslides kwaye kukho ezibangele. iziganeko ezinjalo kungabangela ngokuwa manzi kaloliwe, ukuvaleka ezinkulu, ukutshatyalaliswa amakhaya kunye namahlathi. Kukho iimeko xa ewela rock isigebenga amagalelo izikhukula ezinamandla kunye nelahleko yobomi. Kokuwa olu hlobo kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa iinyikima ezinamandla - ngamanqaku 7.

ukuyeka

Kukho iindlela zokujongana landslides, kodwa abakwazi ukuzikhusela yonke indawo, hayi nayiphi yokuwa akanamsebenzi. Umzekelo, kwi-Sea Black kunxweme kaloliwe ubaleka ukusuka Tuapse ukuya Sukhumi. Kwelinye icala web asongele abanamandla emazeni olwandle, ukusuka apho isigqibo sikhusele indlela kwezakhiwo ufakelo lwesamente. Kwelinye icala - emaweni. Ngu landslides indlela ukukhusela iindonga litye bayeke rocks eziwayo. Ngokufanayo ukukhusela kunye neendlela intaba. Ngelishwa, le ndlela ukunciphisa iimpembelelo landslides kuphela kwiimeko kuwa ezincinane.

Apho itulo ebonakalayo elulwalweni, kukho enye indlela kuphela ukuze asindise abantu nezakhiwo ukusuka intlekele - ngokwabo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ntlekele ukutshabalalisa ngamatye. Ukomelezwa kwamathambeka ababandakanyekayo ngaphantsi kakhulu, ngoko zibangqongile kunye iihupu ngentsimbi, amathanda wathulula isamente, njl Ukuba kukho ingozi yokuwa kufuphi zokuhlala, abahlali kufuneka ukuba asuswe, kwaye ilali - .. ukutshintshela kwenye indawo.

zekhephu

Goqa akakwazi nje liyanyikima. Ezintabeni, ezigqunywe likhephu, kaninzi zenzeka zekhephu - mass ikhephu ewela evela ezintabeni, baqhele ukuba babe negalelo kakhulu yingozi. Kutheni ukwenzeka zekhephu? Isibakala sokuba kwikhephu elala phezu kwamaxandeka nwebu owahlukeneyo. maleko ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo ukuqina izihlanganisi yayo. Kwaye xa nokuhlangana phakathi maleko ubuthathaka, umaleko ongaphezulu slips nje.

Ukudilika ukwahlula phezulu xa ungasuki enye okanye ngaphezulu nomphezulu, kunye polnoglubinnye, ngokuthatha lonke ukutyabeka entabeni, exwebula buvele umhlaba. Kwakhona ukudilika ingaba ezimanzi okanye ezomileyo, kuxhomekeke kwisiqulatho yamanzi. Qalisa ukudilika yingongoma mnye, kodwa ukuze ndiwaphule sasingenamthungo, eshiya umgca iinyembezi. Ukudilika bakholelwa phantse naluphi zinyibilikile ikhephu olungenakuzisa phantsi sakho sesiphoso ngemilenze zabantu.

Ukuze ukuqikelela amathuba udaka, ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo imozulu. Noko ke, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukufika kwe-inshorensi ikhephu, kodwa oko kuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba skier okanye ebona uyakwazi ukuhlalutya zombini ezi parameters, oko kufanele kukhunjulwe nokuba malunga omnye kubo.

zekhephu nemiphumela

Okwangoku, zekhephu zilubeka emngciphekweni le nxalenye kakhulu iimbaleki kunye nabakhenkethi abahambahambayo ezintabeni. Amaninzi kokuba abalandeli ukuba ukukhwela imoto ezintabeni, climbers ntaba kunye abaqubhi. kwadilika Strong nako yokugubungela zokuhlala, utshayelwe yonke into ziyaphila zayo endleleni kunye ezingaphiliyo. Ngamanye amaxesha iindlela entabeni emkhondweni wentlekele. Ngoku yisa ukuba bayeke logama nje yonke kobubanzi Ezincwadini akayi uzakususwa endleleni.

ukuvimbela

Kwiindawo yemveli leeholide zasebusika kuye eqhelekileyo aqhubela artificially ukuwa elide. Ezincwadini kule meko incinane, iya ukuwonakalisa ndibano.

Ngoko ke, wagqiba ekubeni enze ekunyanzelekileyo kwikhephu liwa, kunye zokudubula, mortars kunye nezinye iindlela. Ukongezelela, indlela ukudilika kwamaziko yendlela kunokwenzeka zimiselwe, nto leyo enokuthintela inkqubela bekhephu, okanye isantya phantsi. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezintle, yonke ngamanyathelo anokuthatyathwa kufuneka ingasetyenziswa, owaziwa kungoku nje. Kuphela usebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo, eyimpumelelo nobunjineli ungagcina abantu ukuwela Ezincwadini.

ingozi ukudilika ayikho kuphela okwangoku yokwehla. Ngexesha intshukumo kwekhephu ofanelekileyo ndinobushushu lobushushu ngentla zero. Kwathi ngexesha ukusimisa enza uqweqwe esiqinileyo kakhulu, nto leyo lula ukuba atyhudise nkqu umntu oqhelekileyo - namaqumrhu kuhlala ukwimeko yengqondo ukuzola. Man, Noko ke, ezibanjiswe udaka, wafumana ukonzakala ezahlukeneyo, funky, ukwenza oko kwakungenzeki kwaphela.