Ukukhulisa cucumber e zokugcina kunyaka ngeenxa njengeshishini

Cucumber ezweni ithathwa kwiindawo yetropika sabutropikhi of India, apho ukukhula zasendle ngokupheleleyo kwixesha elidlulileyo malunga namawaka amathandathu eminyaka. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kwaneekomkomere ezilinywa phantse onke amazwe. Akwaziwa xa Bathotyelwa eRashiya ngaye, kodwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-16, iziqhamo ekrwada kunye okufakwe babesele ezitafileni abantu yesityebi eso. Okwangoku, kukho inani elikhulu izitya ayikwazi bade bacinge ngaphandle ngalo mfuno.

Cucumber ku zokugcina

Ukukhula cucumber kuzo ongcolileyo unyaka wonke - kakhulu ishishini eliphumelelayo. Phantsi kwezi meko, oko kuyenzeka ukuba wenze kakhulu kangangoko ukuba imveliso eliphezulu nelizinzileyo microclimate ngokwaneleyo. greenhouse eshushu kuya kwenza le nkcubeko ukuze athwale isiqhamo unyaka wonke, kodwa ekwindla yaye lwezityalo ebusika iza kuba nenzuzo, maxa wambi ngaphezu ngongeniselo ukusuka kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni izihlandlo eziliqela. Ukukhula cucumber kuzo ongcolileyo zonke ngeenxa zonke nyaka ishishini inzuzo enkulu. Ukuba nenzuzo amalinge ezinjalo liphezulu - lufikelela 400-600%.

Yintoni efunekayo ukuze sikhule cucumber ku zokugcina

Ukuze ukhule cucumber kwaMba ebusika kunye unyaka wonke, kufuneka:

• Yenza iimeko zivuma ngaphakathi abamba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, baxhomekeke izinto apho yenziwa data zoyilo.
• Yenza ukukhetha iintlobo ezininzi imveliso yemixoxozi.
• Gqiba xa iza lwahluma yemixoxozi, njengoko kuchaphazela ukhetho kwezityalo.
• Baleka komhlaba uqeqesho kunye nokudala yonke inkqubo efunekayo ukuqinisekisa zokugcina.

zokugcina

Indlela yokutyala cucumber kwaMba unyaka wonke? Okokuqala kufuneka wenze ebamba ngokufanelekileyo:

• Kufuneka ube ukutyabeka oluya ngokuthembekileyo ukugcina ubushushu ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo.
• Ebamba kufuneka isakhelo-enganyangekiyo ubunzima ngeso lenyama. Ukuba kulinywa yemixoxozi ucwangciselwe ngaphezu konyaka omnye, ngoko ke umele kuba liqinile, ngokwanelisayo ezithembekileyo ukumelana neemeko zemozulu.

Ukwakhiwa zokugcina anokuba ezahlukeneyo iimilo kunye nobukhulu, nasezindulini ezahlukeneyo kunye neemathiriyeli ngawo.

Material ngokwenza zokugcina

Okwangoku, eyigesi abekiweyo:

• metal;
• iinkuni.

ifreyim yesinyithi

Yenziwe njengejelo, iityhubhu ezimilise mbobo enobubanzi enkulu (kuxhomekeke izinto ukutyabeka).

Zokomeleza yindawo engcono omnye uya kusebenzisa umboniso polyethylene elula efumaneka ngokorhwebo kuluhlu enkulu. Ngokutsho iimpahla zazo, akukho ngaphantsi ovame polycarbonate.

Kuba sikhokelo kweetyhubhu zingasetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na izinto ngeso lenyama. Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo ukusebenzisa ifayibha ngakumbi film iplastiki okanye polycarbonate.

Ukuba uceba bekhula cucumber kwindawo zokugcina unyaka wonke, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba usebenzise polycarbonate. Xa amalahle kakuhle iyakwazi ukugcina lobushushu rhoqo ngaphakathi.

Metal izakhelo zingasetyenziswa ukuya kwiminyaka eli-10 okanye ngaphezulu. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngenxa ukunkcenkceshela ngaphakathi abamba kwandisa ukufuma, yaye oku kunempembelelo elibi metal. Ukukhusela isakhelo, emva ekwakhiweni kwalo kufuneka yogqunywe ipeyinti okanye ivanishi.

zokwakha iinkuni

Lingaphantsi kunokwenzeka, kuba wood ubomi ngaphantsi kakhulu metal. Kwakhona, ukuba ithe gqolo ukufumana imozulu kunye neempembelelo zemozulu.
Emva mveliso isakhelo ngokuyimfuneko ukupeyinta, nto leyo inceda ukukhusela iinkuni kwiimpembelelo eziyingozi, kunye nokwandisa kakhulu ebomini bayo nkonzo.

Eyona wasebenzisa kwiplanga - xinghana zemvelo. Ukongeza, ihlala ixesha elide yaye ithembekile

Esityhidiweyo, isakhelo ngomthi kunokwenziwa-ndlu. Ukuba ebamba enkulu, kubhetele pre-ukugcwalisa lolwesiseko esincinci kuba ukuba amandla. Ixabiso kwiplanga lingaphantsi intsimbi, leyo kwandisa ibango le misebenzi yoyilo.

Kuba ukutyabeka yesakhelo yomthi kusetyenziswa:

• ifilim ngolunye uhlobo;
• polycarbonate;
• glass.

Nge polycarbonate yeselula okanye inshorensi iglasi zikhuliswa yemixoxozi kwi gases ebusika kunye unyaka wonke.

Ukukhetha kwiintlobo

Ukukhulisa cucumber e zokugcina kunyaka ngeenxa iqala ukhetho nelungelo iimbewu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zombini iintlobo eqhelekileyo hybrid ukuba nithwale isiqhamo kakuhle zokugcina.

Ukuze enze ukulinywa yemixoxozi kwindawo zokugcina kunyaka ngeenxa zonke, ezikhethiweyo iintlobo zembewu ukuba:

• umahluko lobushushu lunikezelwa ngokukhululekileyo akunaye;
• luphawulwa fruiting rhoqo;
• isifo ezinzile;
• incasa ayikho ukrakra;
• Aziphili inkathalelo eyodwa.

Iintlobo ezininzi athandwa zokugcina namhlanje zezi:

• "Cartoon" - fruiting luqala kwiintsuku ezingama-40 emva kokutyala.
• "Courage" - uvelisa isiqhamo emva kweentsuku ezingama-45 yokutyala. Cucumber kakhulu elide.
• "Barcelona" - i nokukhulisa kwiintlobo yemixoxozi yokuqala. Oku amaninzi asetyenziswe kwishishini greenhouse effect.
• "Bobrik" - siyakwazi ukumelana ephakamileyo kwiqondo lobushushu ntshikilelo eliphantsi. Osetyenziselwa ukulima ebusika.
• "Shchedryk" - ivuthwa kunye neentlobo enemveliso. Isetyenziswa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo enyakeni.
• "I-Matrix" - libhekisela iintlobo athandwa kakhulu. Sam cucumber ayikho elide kakhulu, iba enokumelana okuhle nezifo.

Kwakhona, ukuya hybrid best cucumber iintlobo ziquka "Emelya", "Annushka", "olutshintshatshintshayo" yaye "Hercules."

Kuyanconywa ukuba bafumane iimbewu F1 ukuba babe ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukususwa iimbewu abosulelekileyo kunye "engenanto 'kungenziwa ngamanzi kunye nesisombululo ezibuthathaka potassium permanganate. Imbewu zizalisiwe isisombululo 1 g potassium permanganate nganye ml-150 zamanzi. Oku kuya kuvumela ukubulala kwamagciwane. Ngaphezu koko, imbewu yoxukuxwa ngamanzi acocekileyo (edadayo "blank"). Oku kwenziwa ngqo phambi kokuba kutyalwe imbewu.

Umhlaba for yemixoxozi ezikhulayo

Phambi kokuba uqale ezikhulayo cucumber kwaMba kunyaka ngeenxa (bona ngezantsi ifoto), kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela umhlaba lo. Kwakhe ivundiswe zicocwe kotyani ezahlukeneyo enokuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kuphuhliso kwenkqubo ingcambu yemixoxozi.

Ukuthintela kukoma umhlaba uze uvumele inkqubo njengengcambu ukuphuhlisa ngokukhululekileyo, yongeza kwimbuphu yesarha. Kuba yezimbiwa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumiso. kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ammonium nitrate, kodwa kuphela xa kwisikali ishishini gases ukuphucula ukukhula yemixoxozi.

Ukukhulisa cucumber e zokugcina unyaka wonke

Ezimbini indlela ukutyala isicelo cucumber:

• izithole ugqibile, apho zikhuliswa ngqo kwi abamba (ukudala zonke iimeko) nasekhaya;
• imbewu.

Ngokuba ukutyala, kufuneka ube:

• iikomityi afanayo okanye ezinye izikhongozeli ezincinane, ezifana iibhotile zeplastiki kunye nokususwa encinane;
• Umhlaba pre-ayaqhama;
• iintsholongwane isisombululo potassium permanganate, wayithi nkxu kwi engamanzi iiyure eziliqela imbewu.

Imbewu zitholana babekwa ngendlela zeendawana kwezondlo. Xa ekudaleni iimeko zivuma imbewu sikhule iintsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu. Ukutyebisa izithole ikhutshwa phandle xa kuya kuba khona lokuqala namagqabi ayo kunye kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwayelwe emhlabeni greenhouse effect.

zingenziwa izithole kuhlwayelwe xa ityholo iya kuba namagqabi ezimbini okanye ezintathu (iintsuku ezingama-20-25). Ngeli xesha, lobushushu imihla ngaphakathi abamba akufuneki degrees ngaphezulu kwe-18, yaye ubusuku - 15. Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola amandla, unkcenkceshelo kunye isithombo izibane. izithole Ukunkcenkceshela ukwenza ngcono ngamanzi ashushu. Ngenye imini yamafu, kufuneka iquke izibane olongezelelweyo.

amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba izithole okanye imbewu yamkelwe. Ukuvela amagqabi amatsha nezidubula yokuqala iya kungqina ukuba inkqubo ingcambu yawo emhlabeni umntu aziva ekhululekile ngokwaneleyo.

izithole ukutyala

Ukukhulisa cucumber e zokugcina unyaka wonke angenza ntoni ngaphandle izixhobo zegadi ngcono, ezifana:

• yagcina;
• umhlakulo encinane;
• neeharika, njl

Ukwenza umsebenzi kokwehla oluqhutywa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Okokuqala, usebenzisa isixhobo kumiselwa indawo nganye imiqolo yokutyala ukuvelisa amaqula ezizodwa okanye imisele.
• Umgama phakathi iikomkomere ntoni kuxhomekeka eyahlukahlukeneyo. Ezinye iintlobo ze kwaqanjwa zophuhliso eqhelekileyo kufuna eninzi isithuba. Umgama kakhulu kangangoko phakathi kwamatyholo cucumber - ne30-50 cm.
• Kufutshane ngamnye kwetyholo isithombo lifakwa intonga yesinyithi emhlabeni okanye stick ngamaplanga. Izithole zihluma okungenani babopha kubo.

Kwezithole lwenziwa ukuze inkqubo ingcambu emhlabeni banda kuyo. It hlumela kunye ngentlama lomhlaba, ibekwe iikomityi afanayo okanye nayiphi na isiqulathi.

Xa yamanzi lwenziwa kuzo iintswazi zomdiliya kuqala

Emva kokuba kutyaliwe, umhlaba ngendlela gases ukunkcenkceshela izithole ziintsuku nje ezimbalwa, ekubeni kufuneka acclimate kwiimeko gases le. Ingqwalasela eyodwa kubhetele okunkcenkceshela drip, onako ukulungiselela inkqubo ingcambu isixa eyimfuneko ukufuma kwaye ugcine kakhulu nemali ngesifo sephepha, ekubeni libhekisela kakhulu nenoqoqosho. izithole ukutyebisa enze emva kokuba yimpazamo elungileyo.

Ukukhulisa cucumber kunyaka abamba ngeenxa zonke: ukuvelisa

Isivuno cucumber kwi greenhouse mihla malunga 30-45 kg imitha isikwere, nto leyo inkomba nganye, ekubeni Isoutbos ukuvunwa izihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka.