Ukulingana Lungisa isisombululo eludongeni lwendlu

Udaka okanye ngelaphu layer efakwe phezu komhlaba ngexesha lokwakha, linyathelo inyanzelekile phambi kokugqiba.

Oku ngokukhethekileyo okulungiswe umxube yokwakha (isisombululo), nto leyo Ukuguqulwa kolwelo emva omiswe ukwenza ukulungele a tiyeke tyaba ukuze nokuyifeza ngeninako.

Kwiimeko ezininzi oveliswa usebenzisa iindonga ulungelelwaniso, elungisa nasiphi na isiphene uphawu imijelo nobuchwepheshe kwasekwa inkqubo yokulungisa, umzekelo, xa ngokubekwa kweentambo entsha. Umphezulu uba tyaba, anencasa ezintle tsakisaka.

Amanani ngqo sisombululo eludongeni lwendlu ikuvumela walungisa umxube emva kokuba yaphuse ukwenza umsebenzi wayo kwaye na ukuwa kunye nexesha. Ukuba ilungelo lakhe lokuzikhethela, kufuneka ube umbono jikelele malunga neentlobo Again kunye nenjongo yazo. Ulwazi macandelo zazo eziphambili kunye nesicelo ezinokwenzeka kuya kuvumela ukuhamba lula kumqolo ekhoyo ukusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo isigqibo ngokusebenzisa.

Iintlobo isamente kunye neempawu zazo

Ukuhombisa iindonga zingasetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi, kwaye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• standard, njengokhuselo-bume lwangaphandle (udonga olungaphandle) okanye ukulungisa iziphene umphezulu, kuquka ulungelelwaniso, ngokulitywina slits lamajelo amafutha kunye kulungiselelwa kugqityiwe kokugqiba Ipeyinti zokuhombisa ngokubanzi zibhityile-umaleko;
• Zothintelo yokuqhuba umsebenzi yokwambathisa okanye iskrini, umzekelo, ukunciphisa ingxolo, ezama ubushushu okanye ukuthintela kwii-radiation;
• ethile kusetyenziswa ngexesha ukutyabeka kubekho nokuyifeza (omnyama, ilitye, yelo xesha, grafayithi).

uhlobo ngalunye amagama sisincoko ethile, ukulungiswa esifuna linani ngqo isisombululo eludongeni lwendlu.

Yintoni ibumba

Ukulungiselela isisombululo eendonga udaka, olinganise kufuneka iquke element astringent (isamente, ngekalika okanye gypsum), lokubolekwa, ngokuqhelekileyo isanti, kunye namanzi.

Kuxhomekeka mali kwicandelo Umatshini, zezi:

• ibhityileyo, njengoko kungekho iintanda, kodwa amandla ihlwempu;
• nenqatha na ukuwa kwaye nciphisa.

imixube engenamafutha kalula sehla ngaphandle kunye nesimbo, okunamafutha koko, ukubambelela kuso. Injongo nayiphi umakhi - ukulungiselela isisombululo eendonga udaka, ogama ibathwana bekuya kuba kangangoko.

Ukongeza, umxube safakwa ngenyameko mpahla ogqityiweyo ukuba lula umsebenzi kunye mxube. Lwalo elula a isepha elulwelo eqhelekileyo okanye umgubo sokuhlambela, kodwa ke kukho ongeziweyo mveliso ezizodwa.

Inani Kabini

Isicelo kudla kwenziwa ngeengcamba ezintathu, okuye enkulu ngamnye ukuba isisombululo eludongeni lwendlu;

• kuqala (obryzg) umaleko lisetyenziswa kwi-5 kwaye hayi ngaphezulu kwe-9 mm kwindawo yonke ukugcwalisa izitenxo in ifomu yaye kuyafana cream bayaxabana;
• yesibini (komhlaba) - izaleko ezingundoqo apho kanga izihlandlo eziliqela kwaye intlama mninzi;
• lesithathu (esiphelweni idyasi) lisetyenziswa umaleko engekho ngaphezulu kwe-4 mm, kufuneka ukuba umanzi umphezulu kwi guquki efanayo obryzg.

Xa kukho isisombululo nokulungisa ludonga udaka, olinganise abafani isixa Umatshini, ngokuqhelekileyo isamente. Kule nwebu yokuqala encinane kakhulu, ukunyuka kwinani lesibini lube ubuninzi nangowesithathu.

iintlobo mixube

Xa iindonga ugqibezela kusetyenziswa iintlobo ezisisiseko ezaqanjwa. Namhlanje ikakhulu kusetyenziswa imixube ezintathu:

• isamente, i ziqhelekileyo kwaye ethandwa, lubonakala ngamandla kakhulu, kodwa ixesha elide Ukuqinisa;
• udongwe kusetyenziswa ngexesha ukusetyenziswa zangaphakathi nezangaphandle kweli unyango kumphezulu yeplanga;
• lime, engabizi imixube analogu isamente, wayedla ukuba Isichumisi, ixesha eyanda Ukuqinisa kunye nokwandisa amandla.

Ukongeza, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, ezinye embodiments nazo zingasetyenziswa:

• gypsum - kakhulu kunqabile kusetyenziswa ngenxa okukhawulezayo (kwimizuzu) indawo yokungena kunye litshixeke kwi isiqingatha seyure;
• Mixed - otlichayuschaesya ngaxeshanye usebenzisa izakhi eziliqela eziphawulekayo;
• ezikhethekileyo - isetyenziswe kunye ongeziweyo ezithile ngokuxhomekeke kwinjongo ezabelwe yona.

Enye i parameters ezibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba hlobo luni na isisombululo efunekayo, umgangatho ukufuma. Ukubunjwa olifunayo lukhethiwe ngokuxhomekeke microclimate. Ngomtsha omnye kakhulu kwaye inxulumene ngodaka ethandwayo eendonga udaka, olinganise wokwenziwa baziwa nokuba lover, kwaye uvumele oko ngempumelelo isicelo zombini ngaphandle nangaphakathi.

Ukuze siqonde ngcono, ngoku ziya kuqwalaselwa ngokweenkcukacha olinganise sisombululo ityatyekwe iindonga, ezisetyenziswa ngoku nawuphi na umsebenzi wokwakha.

grout

Eyona ndlela inokuthenjwa, ezilula eqhelekileyo jikelele. Ukuze wenze oko, kufuneka alandele ngqo phambili.

Umsebenzi luqala yokulungiselela onke amacandelo kunye, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, esantini. Kufuneka ube owomileyo, ngoko qiniseka ukuba anele. Ke ngokupheleleyo icocwe na amanqathana bonke, ngokukodwa udongwe. Sand elibomvu okanye kwabazinwele kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umbala, oko lihlisa umgangatho umxube yokugqibela kunye neempawu yokusebenza yayo kwaye usebenzise njengongahluzwanga kwaye musa ukuba ekrwada.

Emva ukuhlolwa, unako aqale ukulungiselela udaka ngenxa balutyabeka iindonga. Olinganise ingohluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile lwesamente esetyenzisiweyo. Umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa nesitampu M400, inxenye 1 isamente ngokwaneleyo 4 akha isanti. Ukuba usebenzisa M500, inani iinxalenye inyuswe ukuya ezintlanu. Ukuhlukunyezwa kubangela ilahleko finishes ezisemgangathweni akuvumelekanga. Izithako ezomileyo zixubene kakuhle kwisingxobo uzilungiselele. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa sokuxuba, ifakwe kwi ihamile, umhlakulo okanye Umxhubi eziphathekayo.

Ukukhetha indlela kuxhomekeke umqulu efunekayo. Ukuba unayo lokuzimela ukufunda, esebenzisa isakhiwo ngokwaneleyo enkulu emele iilitha ezingama-15 okanye engama-20, apho sikulungisele isisombululo ityatyekwe iindonga ngezandla zakhe, olinganise kuhlala enye. Ukuba umsebenzi ikhutshwa phandle abantu abaliqela, iyavakala ukusebenzisa i enkulu ipani okanye isamente lokuxhuba.

Umxube kakuhle amanzi ngokuthe wongezelela, nto leyo ukwakhiwa ukuya cream zamafu.

iimpawu ngodaka

Ukwenzela ukunciphisa iindleko maxa wambi indawo isamente islaked ikalika, eseyiphantse aluchaphazeli umgangatho. Ingakumbi lime nodaka isamente ngenxa balutyabeka iindonga phantse twatse enkulu.

osemqoka ezahlukileyo kukusetyenziswa kwekalika kuphela islaked. Kuyinto elula ukuba wenze ekhaya ngaphandle kokuchitha kakhulu.

lime Acquired bathulula eshushu, kodwa hayi amanzi ashushu kwitanki enkulu, yaye emva kokuba asabela Ugqibo ecociweyo, ngokokuqhelekileyo nge cheesecloth. Ingasetyenziswa hayi ngaphambi kosuku olunye.

umxube lime

Ukulungiswa isisombululo nayo ifuna ngokulandelelana ukuthotyelwa.

Okokuqala, nyulu ukusuka lunamahlwili amhlophe lime ngokusenza. Kuvumelekile ukuba ukusebenzisa amanzi okanye isanti hi mpimo lowutsongo. Ukuba sisincoko efanayo, ngaba ukuqhubeka ukulungiselela lo mxube.

Isakhiwo kufuneka ifunyenwe ukuba enye inxalenye ubunzima emithathu isanti lime, pre-wahlolwa kwaye hlamba. Kunye namanzi isanti lokuQala ngokuthe ngcembe. Oku kuqhuba de Isisombululo ukuba zifane ubunzima obukhulu eyohlobo olulodwa. Emva kokuba zisetyenziswe ngeeyure ezi-12.

Iimpawu ngodaka kwimisebenzi yangaphandle

Kudla umxube lime isetyenziswa kuphela kwimozulu eyomileyo. Xa kufikelelwe kwixesha olungaphambili processing kuphela, umyinge yesisombululo ukuba ityatyekwe ngaphandle kweendonga zibandakanya iimali ezincinci gypsum.

Oku kukuvumela ukuba aqale lukhuni okwemizuzu embalwa, ngokupheleleyo otverdevaya sisiqingatha seyure.

Ukuze wenze isisombululo, iilitha ezi-3 umxube yekalika wayigqiba Walekelwa 1 kg gypsum. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo ixesha Ukuqinisa kunye nomthamo umsebenzi, kungenjalo kuya lukhuni ngaphambi kwexesha.

isisombululo Clay

Ukusebenzisa udongwe yayisathe eqhelekileyo ezindlwini yamaplanga. Ukulungiselela udaka lodongwe strong eendonga udaka, olinganise kufuneka iquke isamente, ngekalika okanye gypsum.

Oku kufuneka alumina kukhethwa nenqatha nowento ekroqiweyo iiyure ezimbalwa,. Lo mxube kubalulekile ukuba ukongeza rhoqo amanzi baxhaya ide sizuze mninzi.

Indlela elula ukulungiselela sikuko ngokongeza isanti kuhluzwa ngokwesahlulo omnye ukuya kwemithathu. Kodwa akukho ixesha elide kakhulu. Oku lilungiswa ngokongeza la macandelo ukuya kwezona 1/5 zesamente. Kule isamente yokuqala ocoliweyo nodongwe, oko kukuthi, izinto siyabophelela, uze isanti.

Ngamanye amaxesha isamente luthathelwa lime, kodwa kunye nokwanda isisinyanzelo kuwo inxalenye ku 1/2. Unako kwakhona ukudibanisa gypsum, kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwe 1/4.

ratio ukuxuba

Umlinganiselo amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwi isisombululo ngenxa soloko kwahluka, kuxhomekeke kudidi lwe msebenzi umaleko. ngawona kamabonwakude zinikwe kule theyibhile ingezantsi.

isisombululo	Ukuxuba ratio (iinxalenye)
	kuqala	okwesibini	lesithathu
isamente - Isanti	1 - 3	1 - 0.2 - 3	1 - 2
enombala - Isanti	1 - 3	1 - 3	1 - 2
enombala - Isanti	1 - 4	1 - 4	-
lime - nobumba - Isanti	0.2 - 1 - 3	0.2 - 1 - 5	0.2 - 1 - 3
lime - udaka - Isanti	1 - 1 - 2	1 - 0.5 - 2	1 - 1 - 5
udongwe - udaka - Isanti	1 - 0.2 - 3	1 - 0.2 - 3	-

Oku kungalingani azikho rhoqo kwaye zilungiswe ngayo kwimeko nganye.

Iphele umxube owomileyo

Namhlanje, phantse bonke abavelisi zinika uluhlu olubanzi somxube lilungile-ndilomise. Yonke into efunekayo phambi kokuba baqalise umsebenzi - kukuba ukuthatha isixa eyimfuneko wamanzi kunye nodaka ogqityiweyo owomileyo, ngoko mix yonke into kakuhle, ngokuqhelekileyo kabini. Lo mxube ilungele ukusetyenziswa. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba ihlale bit lubiza kakhulu ngaphezu iindleko components engenayo xa zodwa.

inzuzo yazo engundoqo ukungabikho imfuneko ukuxuba amacandelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo olinganise ekunene. Ukongeza, kwathengwa izixhobo ezikhulu eveliswe ezininzi, nto leyo akusoloko lula. Umzekelo, oku akwenzi mqondo ukufumana isamente 25 kg ingxowa, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuvala una encinane eludongeni. Ngoko ke, xa kukho imali encinci umsebenzi ukulungele umxube owomileyo na imveliso engenye elungileyo.

Ukusebenza ngodaka

enkulu Kakuhle oyimisele isisombululo udaka eludongeni elingaphakathi okanye ngaphandle yenye ingongoma engundoqo kuye nawuphi na ukulungiswa. Kodwa ke ratio efanelekileyo ingabubuyatha ukuba enatyabeka oluqhutywa impatho embi yemigaqo isicelo kumphezulu. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo nayiphi zonke izigaba. Kuphela kule meko sinokulindela nemiphumo emihle.

Enye, ubukhulu kunye nenani lamanqanaba elinentsingiselo efanayo nokwakheka. Imposiso kunokubangela imiphumo ebuhlungu kakhulu. Isicelo se isixhobo esisodwa, kunye kusisinyanzelo ukuba ixesha lokuphumla zinikwe ngohlobo ngalunye umxube.

Amava ubuncinane umsebenzi onjalo, sincoma inani okugunyazisiweyo ityala isebenza iziza ezincinane, ukuba bahlole izakhono zabo.

Izixhobo neyodwa kwemiphezulu ngabanye

Ukuba umsebenzi owenziwa ngezandla zenu, kuya kufuneka izixhobo ezithile ukuze kwakhiwe:

• ngokubanzi;
• nesimbo;
• level;
• spatulas ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo;
• intambo;
• grater for grouting.

Ukusebenzisa umaleko wokuqala nowesibini lwenziwa kunye nesimbo, wesithathu - spatula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umaleko wokuqala mayifakwe kwi enemingxuma axhasayo unyanzeliso. Xa ufaka le umxube topcoat gypsum kusetyenziswa.

Iindawo umahluko omkhulu zilungiswa usebenzisa zokwakha iibhikhoni ezizodwa ukuze kuququzelelwe inkqubo yokusebenzisa kwaye kuqiniswe of udaka.