Ukunyibilika yentsimbi emanzini. na ndihlamba njani amanzi ukusuka ngentsimbi?

Iron ekhoyo emanzini ngokohlobo divalent kunye trivalent ion. Indlela acocekileyo amanzi kunye ulwelo okusela kula ezingcolisa? Eyona ngxaki iintsapho eziqhelekileyo inkampani enkulu. Cinga izizathu apho ukunyibilika intsimbi emanzini, yenza iindlela ukususwa ekungcoliseni ferrosoedineny.

Kutheni na ke amanzi etephini olulubhelu brown?

iikhompawundi Iron ukunika amanzi umbala tyheli, kwakudla incasa neze, ungabona ungcoliseko ngokohlobo kukubola brown. Ezi ngezenzeko - ukugxagxiseka kwezakhiwo organoleptic amanzi okusela. Tshintsha Umbala - oko abathengi pay amanzi ingqalelo indawo yokuqala. Ukongeza, kukho imiphumo impilo yabantu. Echaphazela ngokungalunganga imeko kwesibindi, amazinyo zesisu phecana, ulusu neenwele ukusetyenziswa onganeno amanzi etephini, apho intsimbi ekhoyo.

ukunyibilika Amanzi ngenxa nje kuphela ferrosoedineny intsebenziswano ezingxondorheni kunye nezinye izinto kwindalo. Kwandisa uyondelelwano lwee- Fe ²⁺ kunye ion Fe ³⁺ ngenxa yenkqubo umhlwa, leyo ngokuqubekayo kwindlela kwezixhobo kunye nemibhobho yamanzi eyenziwe aluminium zesinyithi. Imibhobho ngokuthe ngcembe angene lutshabalale, ukutshintsha iimpawu imveliso, leyo kusetyenziswa ukuvelisa amanzi liyahlasela yentsimbi.

Yintoni na ukunyibilika intsimbi emanzini?

Chemical element, ngubani wanikwa igama Latin Ferrum, ixhaphakileyo kuqweqwe lomhlaba ukho kwindawo yesibini emva aluminiyam. Kukuninzi ehlabathini kukho iidipozithi of pyrite okanye pyrite yentsimbi (Fès ifomula yayo _2). Ferrosoedineniya kwenzeka nasemaweni mlilo kunye lentlenga ngohlobo hematite, magnetite, limonite.

A into elula zesinyithi - a metal ductile ongwevu ubuhle leyo ezingenakunyibilika emanzini. Oxides kunye hydroxides, iityuwa ezininzi kakhulu intsimbi musa ukusebenzisana ngamanzi. Ukunyibilika emanzini baxoxe feo ngenxa namandla wayo oxidize ku oxide ferric. Xa abantu bethetha isisombululo feo amanzi, isiqulatho kwe unako ayoni. Eminye imithombo yamanzi, eli nani ufikelela milligrams-50 okanye ngaphezulu ilitha 1 nganye. Olu xi eliphezulu amanzi okusela kufuneka nyulu.

Iron ungena yamanzi yendalo?

ukhukuliseko Physical nemichiza kukhokelela ekuhlahlelweni, ekumisweni kunye nokonakaliswa nasemaweni ayoni compound. Ngenxa yendlela ezikhoyo endalweni azikhutshwa ion Fe ²⁺ kunye Fe ^3+. bona bathathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo redox. Divalent ion ke oxidized, oko enikela ovela lube trivalent. Ukunyibilika yentsimbi emanzini - kuba phambi ukuse- Fe ^2+. Ngenxa yoko yokufikelela isisombululo basabela afunyenwe iityuwa ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo ezinyibilikayo, umzekelo kunye sulfates ezingenakunyibilika (sulfides, carbonates). Deferrization Xa ifomu enyibilikayo lwamanzi aguqulwa ukuya ezingenakunyibilika, kukubola akhiwa, i sivete. intsimbi Divalent ke oxidised ukuba trivalent phambi ioksijini okanye ezinye iiarhente oxidizing (ozone, chlorine).

ekugqibeleni utshintshwano nabo kukhokelela ukuvela ukumelana igcwala olusa irusi mdaka, ukwakhiwa kwayo eqhelekileyo zinganikezelwa kule fomu: Fe _{2 O-3} • H. ₂ O. The yamasuntswana iquka Fe ³⁺ kwi entsonkothileyo kwezinto ezingaphiliyo organic apho afumaneka emanzini komhlaba .

Yenza umxholo ferrosoedineny ngokulinganayo emanzini zendalo?

Le lamanani i element iikhemikhali kunye nentsimbi kwiintlobo zamanzi zixhomekeke nokuqulunqwa iintlobo kuqweqwe imo kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Kwangaxeshanye inokuba lakalokunje divalent kunye trivalent zentsimbi khompawundi, iintlobo zendalo ezifana neentsholongwane zentsimbi kunye nezinto colloidal (enyibilikayo ezingenakunyibilika).

Ukuba kukho imali ebekiweyo ekrwada sulfate, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungomlinganiselo eziphakamileyo kuya kubakho intsimbi ayoni. Ukunyibilika emanzini kwanda ferrosoedineny lobushushu kufutshane kwiindawo mlilo. Emachibini kunye nemilambo eziphezulu umxholo yentsimbi, ukuba kukho izinto ezikhutshwa izityalo metallurgical nemichiza.

na ndihlamba njani amanzi ukusuka ngentsimbi?

Ukususa ferrosoedineny kusetyenziswa reagent kunye neendlela reagentless. Isiseko Iinkqubo kakhulu igcwala of ion ayoni ukuya zesiqinisekiso trivalent. eze Ngokufanayo nezinye ubumdaka emanzini - iguqulelwa iikhompawundi ezingenakunyibilika kwaye isuswe lokucoca ulwelo. Lo mgaqo isekelwe phezu umsebenzi ezininzi ufakelo mveliso.

Yintoni intsimbi ukunyibilika emanzini, kumiselwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo. Waza wenziwa deferrization iikhemikhali: ioksijini, chlorine, ozone, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide. Kwenzeka indlela imichiza of igcwala, kwaye wafumana kwenze ezingenakunyibilika. Alinako kuphela lokucoca, kodwa ukususa decantation emva kwenkqubo (idibane elitshisiweyo ngamanzi acocekileyo) Lungisa. Le ozonization kunye chlorination kweentsholongwane ngaxeshanye (kweentsholongwane). Kukholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa Kwezinto Eziphelisa i - indlela elithembisayo kuba chlorine yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.

Zeziphi iindlela kukuhanjiswa yentsimbi izixa amancinane amanzi?

Xa ikhaya beqela reactants ngentla ingasetyenziswa iperoksayidi yehidrojeni kunye potassium permanganate. na ndihlamba njani amanzi ukusuka ngentsimbi, ukuba ufuna ukufumana imali encinane nje ixesha elifutshane? Xa ukudibanisa peroxide emanzini kuwa kukubola lendle. Kuyimfuneko ukuba alinde ukuba abhek 'ezantsi kwitanki kwaye ukuba amanzi amanzi, okanye ukuba lugqithe nge nomphanda lokucoca njengesiqhelo. Oku baphangwe amanzi angcolile efanelekileyo ukuselwa nokupheka.

Ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo kweziphilayo nentsimbi iindlela akusebenzi kuluhlu. Abo wezenzi zikhankanywe ngasentla, amasuntswana akakhawulezi ngokwaneleyo sivete colloidal.

Ion Exchange kunye catalysis - iindlela ukususwa yentsimbi

Kukho stand-alone ufakelo, osebenza imigaqo catalysis, ion exchange. Zisetyenziswa zokuhlanjululwa amanzi kumashishini amancinci mveliso kunye nezindlu.

Iron kwinkqubo ebalulekileyo ekujonganeni nge udalat backfill ezikhethekileyo ezenziwa feedstock zendalo okanye zokwenziwa. Icebo lokucoca ulwelo ukususwa yentsimbi - umgqomo yesinyithi. Ibekwe ngaphakathi ukuzaliswa kunye namanzi lidlule. Le nto ke ngunobangela igcwala zesinyithi divalent, ukuguqulela ibe kwimeko ezingenakunyibilika ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Xa ion Exchange kusetyenziswa zesiqinisekiso deferrization evela nentlaka ion wotshintshiselwano, ezifana zeolite (ezimbiwa). Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, laqalisa imveliso lwemichiza ukususwa zentsimbi ngotshintshiselwano ion.

Kutheni Kufuneka okunye wezenzi?

zisetyenziswa Clusive ixesha amachiza, ukuba kukho ubumdaka yingozi - intsimbi emanzini. Iindlela nentsimbi ezahlukeneyo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuphendla isisombululo engcono, indlela ezifanelekileyo ucoco amanzi kumthombo ezithile, apho kukho ziyaxhonywa ifomu kunye xi yentsimbi.

Chlorination yinto elidlulileyo, ngale ndlela nefuthe elibi kumgangatho lwamanzi kunye nempilo yoluntu. Nomoya okanye nokwandiswa amanzi kunye nomoya - indlela kakhulu izi- kuneengxaki. Mpilo ocande emanzini, intsimbi oxidized, kwaye Imihlubulo kwenze ezingenakunyibilika asuswe ngu ukuhluza okanye neentlenge.

Ukususwa intsimbi yenziwe ngaphandle iikhemikhali - usebenzisa indlela electrochemical. I electrode ezimbini antywiliselwa kwisingxobo yamanzi lisuswe. I electrode nokubi - cathode - kutsala kwaye igcina kakuhle wamwisela ion zentsimbi, babe ngandlel 'ithile. Enye Reagent-ezamahala indlela - ukusetyenziswa inwebu ezizodwa.

Nganye kwezi ndlela akanayo iingenelo kuphela, kodwa nezingalunganga. Ukhetho ndlela ixhomekeka kwifomu apho intsimbi ekhoyo emanzini.