Ukuqulunqwa kwincwadi

Ukubunjwa komsebenzi wombhalo kubangela kakhulu ukuthetha kwengcamango yakhe. Umbhali ugxininisa ingqalelo kwizinto eziphilayo ezithandayo ngexesha elinikiweyo kwaye zibandakanya ngokubonakaliswa kobugcisa beempawu, imihlaba, imizwelo. Ngaloo nto uzama ukuwamanyanisa ukuze baqiniseke ngokwenene baze baveze oko wayefuna ukubonisa, ukwenzela ukuba bakhuthaze umfundi ukuba abonakalise.

Inyaniso yokuba ukubunjwa kweencwadi kubangele ukuchazwa kwenjongo yomlobi, uBelinsky wayehlala echaze kwimisebenzi yakhe. Wayekholelwa ukuba imbono ephambili yombhali kufuneka ihambelane nale migqaliselo elandelayo: ukuhlukaniswa kunye nokupheleliswa kwayo yonke, ukugqiba, ukwabiwa ngokulinganayo kweendima phakathi kwamaqhawe omsebenzi wobugcisa. Ngaloo ndlela, ukubunjwa kwincwadi kunqunywe zikhundla zombhali: iinjongo kunye nobuchule. Kodwa ingcamango nomxholo unokudibanisa ngokuvisisana kuphela emsebenzini oqolileyo.

Ukubunjwa kwesicatshulwa kuthathwa njengabaphengululi beencwadi ezivela kwimibono eyahlukileyo. Kwaye kwintetho jikelele, abazange bavumelane nanamhla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubunjwa kweencwadi kuchazwa njengokwakhiwa komsebenzi wobugcisa, ukulungelelaniswa kwazo zonke iindawo zalo kunye kunye. Kuyaziwa ukuba kunamacandelo amaninzi abalobi basebenzayo kwimisebenzi yokuzaliswa kokubonakaliswa kwemifanekiso yobomi. Izinto eziphambili ezenza ukubunjwa kwincwadi zilahla iifrikhi, iifrajithi, iiplagi-in episodes, iigigraphs, izihloko, imihlaba kunye neemeko ezijikelezayo.

Iigrafu kunye nezihloko zithwele umthwalo okhethekileyo ngokwazo.

Isihloko, njengomgaqo, sibonisa le miba yomsebenzi:

- izifundo (umzekelo, iBazhov "i-Malachite Box");

- imifanekiso (umzekelo, uGeorge Sand "Countess Rudolphstadt", "Valentina");

- Iingxaki (E. Rich "Yintoni eyenza ilanga neenkwenkwezi").

I-epigraph igama elongezelelweyo elongezelelweyo, eliqhelekileyo linxulumene nombono oyintloko womsebenzi okanye izikhombisi kwizinto ezikhanyayo ze-protagonist.

Ukuchithwa kwamaLyrikhi ukuma ngaphandle kwebali. Ngoncedo lwabo, umbhali unethuba lokuveza isimo sakhe sengqondo kwezo ziganeko, iziganeko kunye nemifanekiso ayichaza. Kukho ukukhawuleza okukodwa apho amava amaninzi adibanisa khona, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba apha umbhali wabonisa iimvakalelo zakhe neengcamango zakhe. Ngokomzekelo, njengokuba kubuyiselwa kwizandla zomama kwincwadi ethi "Ulutsha Lolutsha".

Ukukhetha ulandelelwano lokujoyina izinto ezibhalwe kuyo, imigaqo yabo "yebandla", umbhali ngamnye udala umsebenzi oyingqayizivele. Yaye usebenzisa iindlela ezilandelayo zokubumba:

• Ukubunjwa kwendandatho, okanye ukubunjwa kwesakhelo. Umbhali uphinda iinkcazo zezobugcisa, iziqalo ekuqaleni komsebenzi, kwaye ngoko-ekupheleni; Iziganeko ezifanayo okanye amaqhawe ekuqaleni kwebali kunye neyokugqibela. Olu buchule lwenzeka kokubili kwiprosethi nakubongozi.
• Ukwakhiwa okungafaniyo. Xa umbhali ebeka isiphetho ekuqaleni komsebenzi, aze abonise ukuba iziganeko zaphuhliswa njani, uchaza ukuba kutheni le nto, kwaye kungenjalo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kokufunyanwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo - xa umbhali ebeka abafundi ngexesha elidlulileyo, xa izibangela zezo ziganeko ezenzeka okwangoku zenziwa. Ngamanye amaxesha ukutyelela kwakhona kunikwa ngendlela yeememori zomntu oyintloko okanye ibali lakhe (oko kuthiwa "ibali kwibali").
• Ikhefu lokudibanisa kweziganeko, xa esinye isahluko sigqiba kwixesha elincamisayo, kwaye elilandelayo liqala ngesenzo esahlukileyo. Le ndlela isoloko ifunyenwe kwimisebenzi yomcuphi, uhlobo lwamava.
• Ukusebenzisa ukuvezwa. Iyakwazi ukulandelelanisa isenzo esinqununu, kwaye isenokungabikho.