Ukuwa Berlin Wall. Lo nyaka Berlin Wall wawa

Ukuwa Berlin Wall, akumanyileyo akukho namnye kuphela uhlanga, kodwa iintsapho ezahlulwe ngokwemida. Esi siganeko kwaphawula umanyano lwesizwe. Le slogans kwi kwimiboniso eyayibanjwe funda: "Thina - bantu banye." Unyaka kokuwa Berlin Wall ithathwa ukuba nyaka baqalisa ubomi obutsha eJamani.

Berlin udonga

Ukuwa Berlin Wall, umhla ekuqaleni zolwakhiwo apho - ". IMfazwe" 1961, lwalubonisa ekupheleni Xa bamisa kucingo lokubiya yokuqala Wasolula, leyo bazibonise kamva xa imitha-5 iinqaba eziphathekayo, zincediswa iimboniselo ezinkulu neengcingo ezihlabayo. Eyona njongo ephambili yale eludongeni - ukuncitshiswa iimbacu ezivela GDR ukuya West eBerlin (phambi abantu abazizigidi 2 sele wakwazi ukuthutha). Udonga Wasolula ukuba ngeekhilomitha amakhulu eminyaka. Ukucaphuka FRG kunye GDR wegqitha kumazwe Western, kodwa akukho uqhankqalazo kunye irallie abazange bakwazi ukuphembelela isigqibo ukufaka ucingo.

engama-28 emva kocingo

I-Berlin Wall wema ngaphezulu kancinane ngaphezu kwekhulu kwekota - engama-28. Ebudeni beli xesha, ndafumana kwizizukulwana ezithathu. Kakade ke, abaninzi aneliseke le miba. Abantu bafuna ubomi obutsha, ukusuka apho ezahlulwe eludongeni. Umntu nje kuphela into ababenakho kuyo - intiyo, lunya. Abahlali baphoswa entolongweni ngathi ehokweni, kwaye bazama ukubaleka ngakwintshona eli lizwe. Noko ke, ngokutsho ezisemthethweni, abantu abamalunga nabayi-700 xa wadutyulwa. Kwaye yiloo nto kanye amatyala elixwebhu. Ukususela namhlanje, unako kwakhona ukutyelela Museum of the Berlin Wall, igcina imbali oneninzi amaqhinga indlela abantu ukubhenela usoyise. Ngokomzekelo, omnye umntwana ngokoqobo catapulted abazali babo phezu kocingo. Enye intsapho watshintshelwa ngokusebenzisa ngebhaluni yomoya oshushu.

Ukuwa Berlin Wall - 1989

Pal wamaKomanisi GDR urhulumente. Ilandelwe yi ukuwa Berlin Wall kunye nomhla yesehlo elikhulu - 1989, November 9. nangoko Ezi ziganeko ukuba indlela abantu. Kwaye Berliners ngovuyo kwaqala ukonakalisa udonga. Ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu uninzi iziqwenga zibe zezikhumbozo. Novemba 9 ukwabizwa ngokuba 'kwitheko onke amaJamani. " Ukuwa Berlin Wall iye yaba yenye izenzakalo ezinkulu zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini waza wathabatha njengophawu. Kwakhona ngo-1989 akukho mntu waziyo ukuba ikhondo iziganeko umiselwe. UErich Honecker (inkokheli GDR) ekuqaleni konyaka ibango ukuba eludongeni uza kuba neminyaka engaphezu kwama-mahlanu, kwaye ke ngenkulungwane yonke. Inkolelo ukuba obungenakutshatyalaliswa, kweyisa phakathi izangqa abalawulayo naphakathi abemi abaqhelekileyo. Nakuba kunjalo, ngoMeyi wonyaka omnye wababonisa izandla neenyawo.

Ukuwa Berlin Wall - njengokuba kwakunjalo

Hungary kususwe "udonga" yayo Austria, yaye ngenxa yoko ke intsingiselo Berlin Wall iphelile. Ngokutsho amangqina, nditsho iiyure ezimbalwa phambi kokuwa, abaninzi wayengazi ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni. A mass elikhulu labantu xa beza iindaba malunga lula ulawulo lokungena, bafudukela eludongeni. abalindi Umda emsebenzini, abangazange iyalele inyathelo ngqo kule meko, wazama ukutyhala abantu. Kodwa ke yengcinezelo abemi kunjalo kakhulu ukuba akukho ndlela yimbi ngaphandle ukuvula emdeni. Ngale mini, amawaka West Berliners waya ngasempuma, ukuba kubakhawulela ndibulise ne "inkululeko". Novemba 9 Eneneni iholide kazwelonke.

engama-15 yokutshatyalaliswa

Ngo-2004, ukumakisha iminyaka engama-15 ekutshatyalalisweni 'imfazwe lokulayita "isimboli ikomkhulu yaseJamani yaba itheko elikhulu-abasakhasayo elungiselelwe emnyango oqingqiweyo eludongeni Berlin. Yena yinxalenye ebuyiselweyo abalindi ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku ubude bayo kuphela amakhulu ambalwa leemitha. Le lesikhumbuzo ibekwe apho ngaphambili ukufumana kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba "uCharlie", owaba unxulumano omkhulu phakathi iinxalenye ezimbini kulo mzi. Apha ungabona iminqamlezo ngo-1065, kumiselwa ukukhunjulwa kwabo babulawa ukususela 1961 ukuya 1989 ngokuzama ukubaleka ukusuka eMpuma Jamani. Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga inani wofileyo, t. To. Izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo idatha ezahlukeneyo kakhulu.

engama 25

NgoNovemba 9, abemi 2014 iJamani yabhiyozela iminyaka 25 ka ukuwa Berlin Wall. Umcimbi festive ubuzinyaswe nguMongameli German Yoahimom Gaukom kunye Chancellor Angela Merkel. We bamtyelela kunye neendwendwe amazwe, phakathi kwabo - uMikhail Gorbachev (owayesakuba nguMongameli we-USSR). Ngosuku olufanayo kwabakho ikonsathi kunye indibano kwi holo "Konzerthaus", nto leyo nayo ubuhanjelwe nguMongameli kunye Federal Chancellor. UMikhail Gorbachev wavakalisa uluvo lwakhe malunga iziganeko yabanjwa, esithi eBerlin uthi sala eludongeni, ngenxa phambi ubomi obutsha kunye nembali. Ngomhla kumsitho wofakelo olufakwe kwi 6880 neebhola kukhanya. Xa kuhlwa ezaliswe gel, zimke kungena ubusuku, njengoko engumqondiso ukutshatyalaliswa njengomqobo nokwahlukana.

impendulo eYurophu

Ukuwa Berlin Wall, begazi ka iJamani yaba isiganeko ekuthethwa ngalo kwihlabathi liphela. Inani elikhulu mbali bathi lizwe kuza kumanyano, ukuba ekupheleni kwe-80, njengoko kwakunjalo, ngoko kancinane emva koko. Kodwa le nkqubo okukhulu. Ngaphambi koko ukuthethana ixesha elide. Hi ndlela leyi, indima ebidlalwe yi uMikhail Gorbachev, ethetha ukuba ubunye eJamani (ukuba athe wawongwa Nobel Peace Prize). Nangona ezinye zezi ziganeko kwaye zivavanywe ukusuka kwindawo ezahlukeneyo zemboniselo - indlela ilahleko yempembelelo neAfrika. Ngaphandle koku, eMoscow iye yabonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba owonithemba thethwano kwi miba entsonkothileyo kakhulu asisiseko. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezinye iinkokeli zaseYurophu abachasene begazi yeJamani, umzekelo, uMargaret Thatcher (British Prime Minister) kunye Fransua Mitteran (uMongameli French). Germany emehlweni abo wayebanga kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho kunye mhlaseli kunye lutshaba emkhosini. Ayexhala- malunga ngokuhlanganisa abantu baseJamani, yaye uMargaret Thatcher wazama ukucenga uMikhail Gorbachev ukurhoxa esikhundleni sakhe, kodwa yena wayezimisele ukuhamba. Ezinye iinkokeli yaseYurophu Sibonile Germany umchasi elilandelayo kwaye ngokuphandle babemoyika.

Isiphelo Cold War?

Emva ngoNovemba udonga emi (oko zange zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo). Kwaye phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-nineties, kwagqitywa ekubeni achithe kuyo. Kuphela i "icandelo" ezincinane sele zayekwa kwimemori kwangaphambili. Uluntu hlabathi watolika imini ukuwa Berlin Wall njengoko compound ayikho Germany kuphela. Kwaye ke lonke Europe.

Ukuwa Berlin Wall, Putin, ngoxa-ofisi KGB e saseGDR, inkxaso, ngokunjalo nangokumanywa eJamani. Yena ozikhethilyo Kwakhona kwi documentary film zanikezelwa kwesi siganeko, lo iphambili nenokuthi kungabonwa kwi engama-20 ngokuhlanganisa abantu German. Hi ndlela leyi, nguye lowo wacenga demonstrators zange abatshabalalise ukwakha kwiiofisi zeKGB. Ukuba kubhiyozelwe isikhumbuzo 25 ka ekuweni iindonga Putin V. V. akazange wamenywa (ukuba engama-20 umthendeleko yayihanjelwe Medvedev DA) - emva "iziganeko Ukrainian" Iinkokeli zehlabathi ezininzi ezifana Angela Merkel, ababekhonza njengoko iindwendwe kwentlanganiso, phambi kwakhe waziva endaweni.

Ukuwa Berlin Wall waba ngumqondiso elungileyo ukuze ihlabathi. Noko ke, ngelishwa, imbali ibonisa ukuba iintlanga udade ukuze sikhuseleke enye kwenye yaye ngaphandle kweendonga uvalo. "IMfazwe" phakathi uthi ezikhoyo kule nkulungwane yama-21.