Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, umbhali-mbali eSoviet: a ngobomi emfutshane, imisebenzi ezinkulu

Umbhali-mbali Boris Dmitrievich Grekov ngomnye abaphandi abaziwayo Soviet. Ixabiso umsebenzi wayo kukuba wavusa yaye liphuhlise kakhulu abo phambi kwakhe ziye zahlolwa kancinane. Nguye kunye nokudalwa indlela entsha ekuhlalutyeni ezi ziganeko zibalulekileyo kwimbali yamandulo. Uye kwabhalwa amaphepha enzululwazi 300, waba ngutitshala obalaseleyo, abaphethe amasebe ziko. Uluhlu iimfanelo zakhe wawubanzi kakhulu; wafundela imiba yezopolitiko, yezentlalo, yezoqoqosho neyenkcubeko kumaxesha amandulo, aphakathi kunye mihla.

kokuba isazi

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov wazalwa kweli phondo Poltava, usapho ngumsebenzi wakwarhulumente 1882. Yena wafumana imfundo yamabanga aphakamileyo kuloo mzi, apho ngoku ukwakweli kummandla Poland. Ngowe-1901 wangena University of Warsaw, apho wayefunda phantsi edumileyo mbali Petrushevskii, kunye isiphakamiso ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa emva koko wathunyelwa ukufunda eMoscow. Apho waba yintloko ngumphandi elaziwayo Lyubavsky.

Kamva, waya ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe likomkhulu ubukhosi, apho wabhalisa iziqu. Kwiminyaka 1913-1915 yena ngenkuthalo wafunda noovimba emishini kwimimandla esemantla kweli lizwe, nto leyo kwafumaniseka ingqalelo yakhe inkcazelo lifa ibandla.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

iincwadi zakhe lokuqala lubonise ukuba ndawo ingundoqo iimfanelo zakhe kwimbali loluntu abalimi. Kumanqaku yakhe yokuqala Boris Dmitrievich Grekov wafunda kwisikhundla Novgorod bengenamhlaba. Umbhali kuphuhlisa ingcamango yokuba olu didi lwabantu babephuma abalimi kudidi nepashennyh ababenxulumana nezigcaliselo kunye norhwebo. Ngaloo ndlela, wenza enye miba ibalulekileyo kule historiography ubukho wobugcisa eRashiya amandulo ephakathi. Le misebenzi ezincinci kwisigaba samalungiselelo phambi kokubhala ithisisi yakhe. Ngowe-1914 wamela umsebenzi wakhe lwenzululwazi ngalo mbandela.

isifundo sakhe Boris Dmitrievich Grekov babhala phezu ngokususela Novgorod ikhaya St. uSophia. Wayirhola ingqalelo ekhethekileyo lixhomekeke kwiindidi zabantu abayisebenzayo kula mazwe. Baye bafunda zihlalutywe ngamaqela amaninzi zentlalo, ukuqala tiuns nonoobhala kunye nesiphelo abalimi ngqo.

umsebenzi wokufundisa

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov ingqalelo kakhulu ekufundiseni kwembali. Uye wasebenza e Perm State University, ke idluliselwe Tauride National University ogama emva VI Vernadsky. Emva koko ke nzulu wafudukela elikomkhulu, apho zidityanisiwe efundisa umsebenzi yokugcina esebenzayo, kunye neAkhademi. Ngowe-1930, wabanjwa ngezityholo zobuxoki intsebenziswano kunye nokuxhasa Wrangel. Le meko yokugqibela yi nefuthe elibi Scientist umsebenzi kwixesha elizayo, ngenxa yokuba wayefuna ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa ezixhasa intshukumo White, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukubhala ezinye amaphepha ophando olugunyaziswe iqela. Enyanisweni, i-mbali ayizange balwa nje ngoxa kumazantsi Tavria University National ogama emva VI Vernadsky, iyakwamkela ukufika jikelele emhlophe. Noko ke, ngoncedo nenkxaso kuMlawuli we-Institute nzulu archaeographic wakhululwa.

Studies of Kievan Rus '

Ngo-1930, waqala ukuhlola ngokubonakalayo kwimbali yamandulo. Ngaphambi koko, xa lo historiography ugxininiso kwi isifundo ngemvelaphi uhulumeni kucazululo yemicimbi yemihla enabizwa le Vikings. Isebenza kakuhle, ngaba oko ngandlel 'kuchaphazela umbuzo ngesakhiwo lentlalo nokuxubana yamandulo phambi kokuba isiganeko, kwakukho elincinane kakhulu. Grekov Boris Dmitrievich, izibonelelo eziphambili eyinxalenye zembali ingqiqo yohlukile kwithiyori izazinzulu pre-mbuso, ecetywayo nokutolikwa entsha ngokupheleleyo ngemvelaphi karhulumente.

Uthethe isibakala hayi ukubiza i Vikings, kwaye kubume bentlalo ye kwimpuma yamandulo nokuxubana, ebonakalalisa ukuba kwinkqubo abangekaphuhli nangoko waya feudalism, ngokudlulisela eqongeni khoboka. Yaba ingqiqo entsha historiography, ngenxa yokuba kuye abambalwa kuphela kakhulu ziye le ngcingane.

Ukufunda imbali ye nokuxubana

ESoviet mbali Hrushevsky kwakhona uphikisa ingcamango ISAZINZULU ukuba imbali Kievan Rus 'kunomda kuphela Ukraine. AmaGrike wabonisa kwacaca ukuba eli nqanaba kwimbali yamandulo yaba sisiseko amasebe amathathu nokuxubana: Eastern, Western, Southern.

Waphawula ukuba ipropati lemveli kunye namaxesha follow-up ethile Russia ephakathi. Isihloko Institute of Slavic Studies, isazinzulu, Kakade ke, Ndihlawule ingqalelo kakhulu kwimbali yokuqala. Ebandakanyeka kuphela elisempuma kodwa nokuxubana asentshona esemazantsi. ngegalelo lakhe elikhulu isifundo kwenkqubo yomthetho maqela mabini yokugqibela.

Umsebenzi abalimi

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu elifutshane esingunobangela yolu phononongo, eyona umxholo wayo wawungalo mbandela isifundo imeko kwamaqela zixhomekeke. Waqala oko wabhala amanqaku kunye nezincoko kwi Novgorod Bobylev, fiefdoms abaxhomekeke labantu.

Kodwa ke ebaluleke kakhulu ngodaba bakhe ithathwa incwadi malunga abalimi eRashiya ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ngenkulungwane ye-17. Kuyo, waphinda waba ingcamango ngemvelaphi yokuqala feudalism kwilizwe lethu, kwaye ndimncinile ngokweenkcukacha kwingxaki ukuvela serfdom.

Ukufunda imbali zezopolitiko historiography

Isihloko eziphambili zophando yaba Grekov nembali yemeko yentlalo noqoqosho. Noko ke, ingqalelo ekufundweni izilawuli, Russian kunye nemigaqo ngabaphathi babo. Ngentsebenziswano izazinzulu Jakubowski wabhala ngodaba kwi Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunye nobudlelwane kunye namazwe zakhe Russian. Lo ngomnye weyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo historiography kwi sifundo. Ababhali wabancina oonobangela, iimeko kunye nemiqathango ukuhla kwe-Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene amandla eRashiya. Ukongeza, amaGrike babhala izincoko eziliqela kwimbali ingcamango kwezopolitiko. Ngoko ke, oko engumnini umsebenzi kuhlalutyo iingqiqo zenzululwazi kunye neembono Engels 'ubomi wesizwe, iingcamango uLenin kaThixo.

Wabhala kwakhona izincoko eziliqela iimpawu izimvo yezembali ngababhali zasekhaya kwekhulu 18-19th. Grekov lifa likhulu kakhulu kwaye ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso historiography. Nangona uninzi amalungiselelo ayo (ngakumbi, imfundiso yakhe feudalism lokuqala lwenzeka) ngoku esihlaziyiweyo, igalelo kunjalo umbhali kuphuhliso lenzululwazi umlando ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Noko indlela entsha iingxaki ezindala, indlela yayo kunye nomdla ngezimanga yezentlalo kunye noqoqosho. Asimele silibale ngayo impumelelo yakhe endle lwemithombo. Omnye umphengululi brilliant, uye wayebambe izikhundla ezininzi elinonokazi; ke yena eya i-Institute of Slavic Studies. Wafa-mbali odumileyo ngo-1953.