Ukuzibamba Ukugqama: Iindidi

Zininzi iinkqubo eziyingozi kumzimba womntu. Omnye wabo u-embolism. Le meko ayikwazi ukulimaza ubomi obuqhelekileyo, kodwa ikwaholela ekufeni. Into eyingozi kakhulu yi-thromboembolism ye-pulmonary artery (PE), kunye nokuvalwa kweempahla zentliziyo kunye nengqondo. Zonke ezi meko zikhokelela ekukhubazekeni okukhulu kwaye kubangela ukufa kwezigulane. Ukugqithisa yinkqubo enzima kakhulu ukuyixilonga, kungenxa yoko oogqirha bahlala bengayiboni le nkqubo. Imiphumo ekukhokelayo kuyo, kwiimeko ezininzi ziza ngokukhawuleza, ngenxa yeliphi uncedo lokuqala alusoloko lunokwenzeka ukubonelela. Iimbangela zokubumba zingahluka, kaninzi izifo ze-cardiovascular and circulatory system, ukukhuluphala. Ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo iyenzeka ngenxa yokulimala.

Ukuzibandakanya - kuthetha ukuthini?

Isi sifo sesifo sithetha ukuba ukuvalwa kwesitya somkhumbi ngento ethile, eyenziwa phezu komzimba ngegazi. Ekuguquleleni kolwimi lwesiGrike, "ukumbumba" "ukuhlasela" okanye "ukufaka". Ukugqithwa kwesitya kuvela kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi into ekhoyo kwi-lumen yayo. I-embolus inokusebenza njengengxenye ye-thrombus, umoya, amanqatha amanqatha kunye ne-amniotic fluid. Konke oku kuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi ngokuqhelekileyo, okubangelwa ukungabikho kwe-oksijini engena kwiimfesi zomzimba - i-hypoxia. Le nkqubo inokukhokelela kwi-ischemia yiphina iqumrhu. Ingozi enkulu kukugqithiswa komthambo, ukubonelela imiphunga ngegazi, ingqondo okanye intliziyo. Ukongezelela, izinto zangaphandle zingena kwiinqanawa ze - lymphatic, ziphazamise ukuphuma nokukhokelela kwizifo. Imiphumo yesi sifo sesifo ixhomekeke kwimilinganiselo yomthambo okanye isisu, kunye nobukhulu be-embolus ngokwayo. Unyango kulawo matyala xa iinqununu ezinobungozi zincinci okanye i-lumen yesikebhe ayigcinwanga ngokupheleleyo.

Izizathu zokubumba

Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuhamba kwegazi, iintlobo ezininzi zeembumba ziyahlukana. Ngamnye wabo, naye, unendlela ethile yophuhliso kunye ne-etiology. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-thromboembolism, eqhubekayo kubantu abanesifo esingapheliyo senhliziyo, ababenomdlavuza we-myocardial okanye i-cerebral hemorrhage (stroke). Uninzi lwezi zihlomelo zichaphazeleka zizigulane ezinemivilini ye-varicose yemigangatho engaphantsi, i-hemorrhoids, i-atherosclerosis.

Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-pathological process is embolism gas. Isizathu sokubonakala kwayo kuguquka olubukhali kwingcinezelo. Izinto ezikhokelela ekukhombiseni iziqu ziquka i-traumas ezenza ukuba umoya ungene kwi-lumen yeenqanawa, iziqwenga zomzimba, amaqatha amanqatha, amaqhekeza amathambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho iimeko xa i-substance, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwe-lumen yesikebhe, ibe yi-particle particles, i-parasites, kwakunye neeseli zesifo esiqhekekileyo.

Yintoni i-amniotic fluid embolism?

Le ntsholongwane ayinqabile kwisenzo esithintekayo. I-Ambolia kunye ne-amniotic fluid ibhekiselele kwiimeko eziyingozi kwaye ihlala iholela ekufeni. Iimbangela zokuvela kwayo zingabakho: ukunikezelwa okanye isithintelo se-placenta, uphuhliso olungalunganga lweembrane zomntwana. Izinto ezinobungozi ziquka i-polyhydramnios kunye nenkqubo ende yokudala. Kwakhona, ukumbumba kungenzeka ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kwexesha. Indlela yokuphuhliswa kwayo kukungena kwe-amniotic fluid kwigazi lomama. Emva koko, iinqununu zamanzi amniotic (i-meconium, i-grease yamanzi) ziwela kwi-atrium elungileyo, ize ifike kwi-pulmonary artery. Ngenxa yoko, ukumbumbana ne-amniotic fluid kuvela ngendlela efanayo ne-PE. Ukwahlukana kukuba ukukhutshwa kwesitya akukhatywanga i-thrombus, kodwa izixhobo ze-meconium okanye amanqatha enqatha.

Indlela yokuphuhliswa kwe-gas embolism

Ukugqithiswa kweGesi - esinye esinye isizathu sokuphulwa kwegazi ngokuhamba kwebhedi. Le meko yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesifo se- caisson, esichaphazela abantu abachitha ixesha eliphakamileyo okanye ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Ukwanda kwenycinezelo kubangela utshintsho kwi-gas composition, ngokukodwa, ukuqokelela inani elikhulu le-nitrogen. Ukugqitywa kweempahla kuyabonakala ukuba umntu uya kubuya kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, i-nitrogen eqokelelwe ingena kwigazi jikelele kwaye isasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igesi kufuneka ikhutshwe kancinci, kodwa le nkqubo iqhubeka kancane, oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqondo xa ikhuphukela kwindawo ephakamileyo kwaye iyancipha phantsi ngaphantsi kwamanzi.

I-vascular thromboembolism: izizathu

Isizathu esivakalayo sokubambisana siyi-thrombosis yeempahla. Ziyabonakala ngenxa yokungasebenzi ngokugqibeleleyo kunye neprogram yegazi. Uninzi lwezigulane ezine-thrombosis zinesifo se-varicose , isifo senhliziyo. Uphuhliso lwalo hlobo lokubambisa luhlala lubandakanywa nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha, njengalezi zigulane ezithintekayo igazi ngenxa yeengxaki ze-rheological. Inkqubo yesilonda iqulethe ukuhlukaniswa kwamathambo e-thrombotic ukusuka kwintonga yesitya. Benza inxaxheba yombutho. Icandelo elincinciweyo le-thrombus lingena kwigazi, ukuvala i-lumen kunye ne-hypoxia.

Umfanekiso wekliniki ekuphuhliseni ukumbumba

Imeko yesigulane ngokubambisa ixhomekeke kwisikhumbi apho kwenzeka khona ukunyuka. Ukuba ngaba yimibhobho esemqoka okanye imithanjeni, ngoko ke ukuhlwayelwa kwexesha kukungalungi. Into eyingozi kakhulu umonakalo weempahla zentliziyo, imiphunga, ingqondo, intamo. Ukubambisana kungabangela ukuphulwa kwegazi kwanoma yiphi na inqununu, oku kuya kugunyazisa impawu. Xa izitya zeenyawo zichaphazelekayo, i-numbness kunye ne-cold snap iyavela, kwaye i-gangrene ingahlakulela. Ngokuzibandakanya kwemibhobho yentliziyo okanye ingqondo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha, okubonakalisa intlungu ebuhlungu kunye nokuphulwa kwengqondo. Ngokuphuhliswa kwe-PE, ukukhwehlela, ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye nokuxhatshazwa, okusoloko kukhokelela ekufeni, kuphuhliswa.

Iimigaqo zonyango lwe-embolism

Naluphi na ukumbumbana yimeko efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yohlobo ngalunye lwenkqubo ye-pathological inye. Unyango kufuneka lujoliswe ekukhuseleni ama-embolus ukungena kwiinqanawa ezinkulu. Ngenxa yale njongo, iimitha kunye neemvini ziboshwe, ngenxa yoko ukuphuma kwegazi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kutyeshe okwesikhashana. Ukongezelela, ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kwento enobungozi kwenziwa. I-Thrombosis kunye nokuzibandakanya, ukuphuhlisa imvelaphi yabo, kufuna unyango lweziyobisi. Ngenxa yale njongo, iziyobisi ezikhuthaza igazi elincinci (iindlela "I-Heparin") kunye ne-fibrinolytics (iyeza "Urokinase") zisetyenziselwa. Ukuthintelwa kwezigulane zokugulisa izifo zentliziyo kufuneka zisebenzise i-antiplatelet agents (isilwanyana "Aspirin"), njengoko inqanda ukubunjwa kwegazi.