Umboko Brachiocephalic: ingqiqo and definition

ingqiqo ka "brachiocephalic buti" uyakhululwa kwi ezakhiwe ngabantu kunye nezilwanyana. Namhlanje makhe sithethe ngakumbi.

ingqiqo jikelele

Igama kulo mzimba obuliqilima. umboko Brachiocephalic esuka aorta kwi Umgca osembindini kwentamo. Emva koko akhwele obliquely, uze uzakubuyela, yaye kwinqanaba acromioclavicular joint yahlulwe imithambo ezimbini. Ibekwe phambi kwe uqhoqhoqho, apho abantwana ehlanganiswa esinobubovu thymus, kwaye ubude elincinane ngeesentimitha ezintathu ukuya kwisine.

Iintsana ngokufuthi awabelana tsefaladu kwi sternoklavikulyarnuyu wengcaciso unxantathu ngaphambili entanyeni.

Isiqu somntu

Xa abantu, eli qumrhu ngoku kubume echazwe apha ngasentla. Kudla sitya emifutshane shinyi, apho amasebe zibe Umthambo babini ukuba kumacala omabini - okulungileyo phambi - lulungiselelwe kolu pleura. Xa ekhohlo ilungu lomzimba womntu kwemithambo apho. Kungenjalo, inqanawa ekuthiwa buti brachycephalic (ukusuka igama kwisiLatini) okanye kwemithambo innominate.

Le ndoda nge umphanda brachiocephalic ngokuxhomekeke kwizifo ezithile. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi zilandelayo:

• Yamafutha (ukuqokelela cholesterol kunye namanqatha phezu kweendonga angaphakathi kwemithambo);
• kwasekuzalweni;
• hemangioma (ithumba elihle ukuvela empahleni ezincinci zegazi);
• ukulimala kwemithambo;
• aneurysms (mithambo ukukhuliswa amaxesha amabini okanye ngaphezulu);
• occlusive amasebe sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi arch (ukophulwa permeability semithambo, nto leyo ekhokelela ischemia yobuchopho kunye eziphelweni (phezulu)).

Ukuba uneengxaki isitya kufuneka ibhekiswe utyando nemithambo.

Isiqu yezilwanyana

brachiocephalic umboko Anatomy kubo ezayo. Oku kwahlukile soluntu sibhekiswe ukungena lweHo- esifubeni, yaye apho sele yahlulwe imithambo ezimbini ekhohlo (a lungelo). Oku kwenzeka kwinqanaba vertebra yesibini thoracic.

Kwezinye izilwanyana, ezifana izinja kunye neehagu, isiqu brachiocephalic apho, endaweni ngaye - kwemithambo ezimbili ukuba uphume Arch aortic. Ukususela omnye imithambo, ngokuba brachiocephalic, zimke kwemithambo carotid, eziqulathe igazi kwintloko izilwanyana. Le Okungumahluko ihashe ukuba unalo imithambo ezimbalwa kumka kuyo.

umboko Brachiocephalic inika igazi entloko, entanyeni, esifubeni yalityatya ngokwamathambo eludongeni esifubeni.

Kwezinye iimeko, le isiqu ukuya ezantsi kwidlala lengqula yi ndlala kwemithambo ophantsi. Ngenxa buti nga mababuyekezwe kukungabikho okanye ukungabikho omnye iimpahla lengqula le.

amasebe esiqwini

Ukuze kulahlwe amanzi kweenqanawa ukusuka imithambo subclavian kufuneka iintlobo umahluko ezithile. Ukusuka Umthambo zimke amasebe zilandelayo:

• Ubambo-wesibeleko buti umnika igazi kwizihlunu entanyeni, abune. Isuka ndawonye imithambo ezifana vertebral enzulu wesibeleko kunye (e ruminants kunye neehagu) okanye kuphela kuqala kubo (ezitya inyama). Ngamahashe, isiqu nawasezincotsheni ezimeleyo.
• Umthambo Deep wesibeleko onikezela intloko "extensors" kunye nentamo. Zohlukana kwi izihlunu entanyeni, ulwalathiso wakhe cranial. Entanyeni, kwakunye neefom yesebe spinal a akananto yesibini. Ihagu kunye inja, le umthambo na isebe ubambo-wesibeleko esiqwini.
• Umthambo Vertebral i umphunga. Kwakhona wayala cranially. Ukufikelela i sabheka, ukhupha isebe kwemisipha umnqonqo uya ngalo umngxuma vertebra wesibeleko lokuqala (sabheka) kunye entanyeni iifom silwanyana sikhulu flow umendo (ebizwa ngokuba collaterals). Xa iinkomo ihamba kunye amasebe akhankanywe ngentla. A nezidla ke isitya igazi yokuqala, leyo isuka kwemithambo subclavian.
• Plechesheynaya Umthambo (eyaziwa ngokuba Umthambo phezulu wesibeleko) ivumela izihlunu entanyeni ngegazi, dewlap kunye nomnyango esifubeni. Ihagu ihambisa kude lengqula anabe.
• Kwemithambo thoracic ngaphakathi langaphandle. Umphezulu engaphakathi uyalwa caudal ukuya kwentamo, kufikwa iimbambo yesixhenxe, neefolokhwe. isitya lwakhe lokugqibela thaca iintungu diaphragmatic umfula. yehlele oluQhubelekayo kunye nezinto igazi esiswini kwisisu izihlunu, iihagu nezidla nazo ingaba mammary. Umthambo zangaphandle bypasses ubambo yokuqala kunye namasebe nzulu izihlunu ibele. Le kwemithambo ke kunokuba kakuhle kuphuhliswa.

Okulandelayo brachiocephalic izilwanyana ibhuthi, imithambo lasekhohlo eqhubekayo iba kwemithambo axillary. Aba mthombo uphambili ubonelelo igazi imilenze thoracic.