"UMlawuli Nicholas 1" - ukuba inqanawa yoBukhosi Russian

Emva kokoyiswa kwi Russian-Japanese War, kwekomkhulu Imperial Navy lasungula uphuculo enkulu leenqanawa yokulwa yomkhosi. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa isitya oLwandle Omnyama - kukho kwimeko kweMfazwe Yehlabathi njengomlilo eyaqala ngawo. Inqanawa "UMlawuli Nicholas I» - enye iinqanawa, iinjineli zomkhosi ezilungiselelwe ezinkulu-scale amadabi aselwandle.

Development imikhumbi

Ekupheleni kuka-1913, iCandelo loMlawuli Jikelele imikhumbi lizibandakanye ekuphuhliseni imigaqo ezintsha ugcino kunye nokwabiwa payload. Uvuselele ukhuseleko isikrweqe kumgangatho eliphakathi - 63 mm metal, lupwa Wotho ahlabayo. Amanyathelo basiwa ukwenzela ukubethelela zokudubula isikrweqe kumgangatho - umaleko metal phezu kwayo iindawo ezibuthathaka ngaphezulu mm 300. Ngenxa yoko, isitya yeprojekthi yotshintsho ukubana yayo iyonke likhule ukuya phantse amawaka 28 iitoni, ukwanda imilinganiselo yomgama, ukuphuculwa iimpawu zokuqhuba -. "I-koMlawuli Nicholas I» (wempi) akwazi ukufikelela ngesantya amaqhina 21. Ezi kunye nezinye iziphuculwa ziye zibonakaliswe kuyilo, leyo Matshi 12, 1914 wafaka ukuze ivunywe nguMphathiswa Marine.

nikolaev zalapho

Kwentwasahlobo 1914 imizobo wempi evunyiweyo kunye iinkcukacha zale projekthi waya Nikolaev. Ngelo xesha, ulwakhiwo iinqanawa ezinkulu yoluntu kunye emkhosini lokubandakanyeka 'Russian imikhumbi corporation. " Wexwebhu sobugcisa esongezelelwe ileta cover apho bayakhuthazwa abaziinkunkqele ukuchonga kunye nexesha zolwakhiwo enqanaweni kunye neendleko zizonke. Emva uthotho izivumelwano 'loMlawuli Nicholas 1 ", inqanawa, liqikelelwa kwi-32,8 amawaka. Engange, yaye ulwakhiwo lwalo wanikwa iminyaka emithathu. Noko ke, igama layo yokugqibela wempi ezifunyenweyo kamva.

Xa ukuhlola imizobo wezakhiwo yomkhosi VI Yurkevich siphakamiso utshintsho wehlisela lencinibakazi isaphetha, wanceda ukunciphisa umthwalo emilukweni yegolide kumatshini. kamva Jurkiewicz efudukela eFransi apho ebandakanyeka ngqo kuyilo nqanawa French "Moggaps na." iiyunithi abaninzi kwesi sithuthi zaye zaphuhliswa iinjineli Russian Admiralty.

Bookmark wempi

Aprili 15, 1914 kwi slipway evulekileyo Nikolaev zalapho ebibanjwe kungekabekwa kwesithethe wempi entsha. Lo msitho ubuzinyaswe ngokwakhe, UNikolai II. Zokuqala Igama umkhombe "Ivan labangcangcazelisi." Imvume umlawuli bacelwa ukuba igama ezimbini - "St. Vladimir" yaye "I koMlawuli Nicholas 1". Le wempi igama kuba ngukhokho wolawulo lukakumkani - ukuba esi sigqibo senziwa umlawuli. Mhlawumbi lo sigqibo isuke yimfuno kunyuswe umoya izithuthi yayo.

La maxwebhu ze "UMlawuli Nicholas I», inqanawa, wabonakala kuphela ngomhla we-2 Juni kunyaka omnye. Le ulandelelwano begqobhozile ezininzi - awukwazi bafake izicelo inqanawa Navy ethe nje kubekwe mntu kulo. Le ukuhlukunyezwa bekuqhutywa imfuneko ukufumana imali ekwakhiweni kwayo.

War bathunyelwe

World yazisa iinguqu nizihlabe kakhulu ixesha uqala inqanawa yasemkhosini. "UMlawuli Nicholas I» (wempi) ezifunekayo ezahlukeneyo izakhi amazwe, kodwa kunikezelo lwalo yalibaziseka okanye zaphela nya. Bebabethe eziqhotyoshelwe oomatshini zasekhaya. Kodwa sentlalo yabo ifuna kuhlaziywe ezinye iiyunithi zomkhosi enqanaweni. Le projekthi iye yangeniswa ukuze sixhathise ezongezelelweyo ngokuchasene ufakelo yokuqala nenqaba phezulu ukuya impumlo. Oku kwamnceda ukuba ukuphucula seakeeping. Ukugqityezelwa zaye ithathelwe ingqalelo, kwaye inqanawa yagqitywa isitokhwe zasekhaya kunye uqinile olongezelelweyo. Ngelo xesha, yaye ekugqibeleni yaqinisekisa igama enqanaweni - "uMlawuli uNicholas I».

1916 - ngexesha ukuphakama kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Nangona imeko enzima imiphambili, le abaziinkunkqele bakwazi ukugqiba ulwakhiwo inqanawa - Oktobha 5th wempi yeyendlu slipways kunye balibeka kwi eludongeni mveliso. Nangona ukulungela isitsha 77.5%. Imisebenzi lwenziwa nqapha yonke 1917, kodwa ekuqaleni 1918, uRhulumente Provisional kwanyanzeleka ukuba ngumkhenkce aphelela, kunye "I koMlawuli Nicholas 1" (wempi), yaye ekugqibeleni ayikagqitywa ke.

Bayahlelwa yenqanawa 1920

Emva kweMfazwe Civil kunye nokungenelela bolunye Nikolaev kuquka amajoni Red Army. iinzame eziliqela ukugqiba ulwakhiwo wenqanawa yokulwa yaphela lilize - ulwazi ukwakha isitya yakutshanje abasebenzi kunye nabalimi wayengekho, njengoko kwakungekho imibono ezifana inzululwazi njengoko imicimbi zomkhosi. "UMlawuli Nicholas I», inqanawa, eyenzelwe kwimpumelelo esemthe- yamajoni Black Sea Fleet, kwaye alikangeni kuyo nayiphi na edabini. Waye kamva mfutho ku Sevastopol zalapho, apho kwabe isikwe ezilahliweyo metal.

umkhumbi imvuselelo

Inzala e iinqanawa zomkhosi ekugqibeleni landa kakhulu emva kokuba World umdlalo iinqanawa. Ithunyelwa nge ezimanyumnyezi enzima wahlanganisa iimpumelelo ezininzi zobunjineli Russian bacinga ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. "UMlawuli Nicholas I», a wempi mu lupwa izixhobo ngokupheleleyo, eyayikuyo inqanaba lesine uphando Russian (Soviet) iinqanawa zesebe Iimpawu wempi ngendlela eziyiyo njengoko kunokwenzeka. isantya sakhe kunye nezixhobo bahambelana kwinqanaba zomkhosi izixhobo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Ngoku ke "uMlawuli Nicholas 1", lo wempi - umzekelo omangalisayo zobunjineli Russian emkhosini, uthatha inxaxheba elwandle virtual ulwa abadlali ehlabathini lonke.