Umngxuma emnyama kunye hambo ixesha

Nokuba ngo-1795 yi-Pierre-Simon Laplace kwangaphambili ubukho iinkwenkwezi kunye ezixineneyo enkulu kunye mass nondiliseko kubo zisathe awuvumeli ukuba kudlula imitha yelanga ukufikelela kumphezulu womhlaba. Noko ke, igama elithi ngeenkwenkwezi "black hole" weza ukusetyenziswa kuphela ngo-1968 ngoncedo Wheeler, kodwa kude kube lelo xesha wasebenzisa igama elithi "inkwenkwezi ekhenkcezisiweyo" okanye "collapsar".

imingxunya Black - ke indawo enjalo isithuba kunye nexesha, wenza kuyo endle omxhuzulane obunamandla yokuba nayiphi na into (nokuba ray umqadi) andinako ukuzisindisa lulo.

njani emngxunyeni omnyama

Le Ukudaleka iinkwenkwezi ngokwendlela ubunzima kwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Le ngeenkwenkwezi bakholelwa ukuba inkwenkwezi-black hole luqokelelane ukusuka ukuwa iinkwenkwezi omkhulu kakhulu. Ekugqibeleni yena hydrogen otshisayo kwenzeka, ngoko helium, uze emva koko kuza indawo "x", xa nondiliseko imaleko kumphezulu asinakukwazi ukuphinda kuhambe xi lwangaphakathi kunye nenkqubo ucinezelo ubunzima enzima iqala. Ukuba ubunzima inkwenkwezi uvela 1.2 ukuya kwezi-2, 5 izihlwele elanga, ngoko dubulo enamandla kwenzeka. Ngexesha lentlekele inkoliso lenkwenkwezi leyo ilahlwe phandle, kwaye iqaqambile na ukunyuka inkwenkwezi ngamakhulu ezigidi amaxesha.

Olu qhambuko inqabile kakhulu, ngokuvumelana Ubuncinane kumnyele wethu, oko kwenzeka kwiminyaka emalunga kanye ezilikhulu. Kukho inkwenkwezi entsha kwaye eliqaqambileyo kakhulu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "supernova". Noko ke, ukuba emva loo ukudidiyela ubunzima ukwimo na ngaphezu kwe-2.5 solar, ngenxa ezinamandla amandla omxhuzulane Oluma basa ngobukhulu ezincinane. Emva kokuphela mbawula iinkqubo inkwenkwezi asinakukwazi ukuphinda ube ukwimeko lozinzo - kubhaliwe zixinaniswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye zoo cosmic yongeza elinye amehlo ingafikeleleki emngxunyeni omnyama. Esi simo phezu iingqondo izazinzulu ezininzi.

Black Hole - umatshini ixesha?

Izazinzulu ezininzi besonwaya iintloko zabo phezu, kunokwenzeka okanye ukusebenzisa una emnyama zehambo ixesha. Akukho mntu uyaziyo into eza ngaphaya kulo umsinga cosmic. Ngowe-1935, Einstein kunye Rouzenom iye hypothesized ukuba liqatywe encinane emngxunyeni omnyama akwazi kakuhle izakudityaniswa kubekanye kwelinye icala elinye emngxunyeni omnyama, ngaloo ndlela bakha kwitonela elimxinwa esibhakabhakeni kunye nexesha.

Ngenxa yale mbono, ezisemajukujukwini kip Thorne owavela algorithm usebenzisa ifomula olungqongqo zezibalo ichaza siseko ukusebenza kunye nexesha umatshini physics. Noko ke, ukuba ukwakha portal ye kwinqanaba zobugcisa zale mihla yethutyana, yeha, akwanelanga.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba yonke anegunya British Stiven Hoking ukholelwa ukuba into ezibanjiswe emngxunyeni omnyama akuthethi unyamalale ngokupheleleyo - ubunzima balo, amandla zibuyiselwe iphela ngohlobo ulwazi. Ngelo xesha, ingcamango lokuqala imingxunya abamnyama Hawking libe idabi wokwenene kwinkalo yokuma. Ngoku, ngokutsho kwingcamango entsha, imingxuma emnyama bathobele imithetho physics quantum. Ithiyori entsha ecetywayo yi S. Hawking, iyenza nzima ukusebenzisa imingxuma emnyama ukuhamba kwexesha okanye intshukumo esithubeni.

siza kubona umatshini ixesha a kip Thorne kwaye kufuneka siphile wokuvukela uStephen Hawking kaThixo? Njengoko bathi, uya kukuxelela ixesha. Okwangoku, singakwazi siziphendule kuphela kwaye ithemba izazinzulu zophando entsha.