Wilensky sidumisa: ekuthandazeni?

Phakathi umfanekiso abaninzi ngokungummangaliso i-Ntombi ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo Vilna i icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yena unembali esisityebi kunene, nto leyo isephantsi isusela kumaxesha yabapostile. Kwakhona ngenxa zeziphiliso zayo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, uncedo nje ezahlukeneyo imicimbi yabantu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uludwe lo mfanekiso nguMama kaThixo ise e Vilnius, ngoMoya oyiNgcwele Monastery (kwaye icon yokuqala lilahlekile emva kokuba iziganeko kweMfazwe Civil and iMfazwe Yehlabathi II).

Legend ngemvelaphi le icon

Vilna i icon ye nguMama kaThixo unembali ekhethekileyo imvelaphi (kwakunye nabanye abaninzi abafana naye). Kukholelwa ukuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa ngexesha xa misava Iisus Hristos xa wayesaphila uMama kaThixo. EConstantinople, ngokutsho legend, weza yena basePalestina, lokubonakala egameni layo - ". IYerusalem" "Tsaregradskaya," okanye

Imbali icon eRussia

wabonakala version oluchanileyo eRashiya Vilna icon uMama kaThixo, akukho. On omnye wabo, eMoscow umfanekiso yamandulo weza Sofey Paleolog ngo-1472. kamva inkosazana waba ngumfazi kaYohane III. Kukho enye inguqulo ye indlela i icon waba eRashiya. umlawuli Greek wayithumela njengesipho kukumkani Compostela kunye ubulawuli Galician emva kokuba kufakwe waza waya irhuluneli eMoscow.

Enoba yayiyintoni na, kodwa 1495 kulo icon ukuba basikelelwe umtshato ka Princess Elena, intombi ka-John III. Kunye naye, wafudukela Vilnius, ikomkhulu Lithuania. Ngokucacileyo, le nto kwathiwa igama emva Vilna. Nangona inkosazana ebesahleli, umfanekiso yamandulo ezingontsini zakhe.

Emva kokufa Elena, kodwa oku kwenzeka ngoJanuwari 1513, loo ndawo yonqulo yabekwa phezu engcwabeni lakhe Kwingcingane Cathedral e Vilnius (oku kuchaziwe intando yakhe). Loo yokuhlala Lithuania kunye Metropolitan of Kiev kunye omnye omdala kunye neetempile yamandulo kwikomkhulu. Abanye ababhali-mbali baye bafumana ubungqina bokuba Elena advance wanika etempileni umfanekiso, hayi evela mzuzu lokufa kwakhe, waba apho.

An into umdla kukuba lo icon liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wazama ukuba aphinde i-Grand Duchy of eMoscow. abaninzi irhafu kuba olucetywayo, kodwa konke ukuhlaselwa ziye zabukulwa.

Imbali i icon ngexesha lokusekwa ibhodi ye Uniate

Wilensky sidumisa, emva kokuba libhengeze Brest Church Union, wachukumiseka eSt Nicholas Church. Oku kwenzeke ngenxa yokuba Cathedral of the sidumisa, apho umfanekiso waba Uniate, Orthodox sazama ukugcina ukholo lwabo izinto ezingcwele zexabiso. Noko ke, ngo-1609 wafudukela Uniate ne St Nicholas ibandla, ngoko kwagqitywa ukuba abuyele i icon Vilna emva yecawa.

iziganeko Emva kwakhokelela koko kwaba Vilna icon kwi oyiNgcwele Emnye Church Monastery. Emva umlilo 1610 kwi woonongendi Prechistensky kunye nokulungiswa koko isebe abambaxa yadluliselwa oyiNgcwele Trinity Church. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo wathi icon kanye bethabathe nabo, ezinye ubungqina bubonisa ukuba emva kokuba senkangala Prechistenskaya umfanekiso icawa yadluliselwa Emnye Church. Nantoni na, kodwa ngo-1652 ukuba sele ibhalwe wakukhankanya yokuba phambi kokuba icon ye Vilna eyaphunyezwa yonke akathist ngoMgqibelo zintathu Church.

Kwixesha elizayo, oko nje kuthathwe ngaphandle komzi kunye etempileni ngexesha iimfazwe. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1654-1667, ngokulandelelana, ngexesha leMfazwe Polish kunye kule minyaka 1700-1721, ngexesha Enkulu Northern War. Ixesha lokuqala ngayo Wagquthagqutha ngokomyalelo Moscow Tsar Alexei ukuba abuyele, kodwa zange ayifumane.

Ngo-1707 i icon yayakhelwe Kyoto esitsha (kunyaka ophelileyo yanyamalala ngaphambili emlilweni), nengubo yayo kwiminyaka embalwa. Izama ukuthumela umfanekiso yoBukhosi baseRashiya yaphela, kuba akazange bachukumise emva Vilna ehlonyelwe eRashiya, yaye emva yokurhoxiswa womanyano.

Ukususela ngoko, waba kule loonongendi, kodwa bakhutshwe ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi I, indlela yayo ngakumbi ayaziwa. Xa ibandla e Vilnius na ikopi ngqo kwi icon (kwakhona, ngokuzenzekelayo, angummangaliso).

image Iconography

Kuba nokuveliswa kwalo icon bahlabeka iibhodi ezine - imithi emibini nemisipres, fake ezimbini. Ngokutsho indlela yokubhala ifana kakhulu kwi icon eYerusalem (ngokucacileyo, nale kwaye isizathu kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "iYerusalem"). Kukho kwakhona ukufana ne-Georgian Tikhvin kunye nemifanekiso.

Kwi icon uyakwazi ukubona Virgin, ephethe Child engalweni yakhe yasekhohlo. isithende sayo ziyakazele kwaye ujonge, isandla sakhe sasekhohlo ebambe ngamadolo akhe, incwadi esongwayo; kwaye ngesandla sokunene uvuka intsikelelo.

Ezili elide kwi icon etempileni iminikelo ayegqunyelelwe ngayo izinto ezixabisekileyo. Ngowe-1677, ngokuba umfanekiso wenza ingubo yesilivere awabulala. Iimpahla zesilivere oomama neentsana, iinkozi kunye neentyatyambo ukuba kuboniswe igolide. Kwakhona ibonisa ukuba icon yi ngasemva afakwe nokucacisa. Phezu kwentloko nguMama kaThixo isithsaba segolide, ixhaswa zezulu zegolide, ibe phezu isithsaba nosana GEMS.

Ngokuchasene yangasemva icon lot of elinazibini izitya zesilivere, nezacholo ezahlukeneyo ezixabisekileyo (amaso, neyeeperile, amatye anqabileyo, negolide kunye zesiliva). Xa 1866, wenza kokubuyiselwa, ukulungiswa kunye nokucocwa yomfanekiso, ukuba yonke impahla nesilivere, leyo yasuswa kule icon, umvuzo omtsha wenziwa, kwakunye haloes ezintsha kunye iidayimani kunye nedayimani. ii icon ezingaphezulu babulawe isakhelo ngobhedu.

iintsuku celebration

Ngexesha ekubhiyozeleni umfanekiso iwela amanani amabini. Ngosuku lokuqala - oko Februwari 15, ukuba lo mcimbi siphelelwe kwi icon zokusiwa Vilna, eyayibanjelwe 1495. A ngosuku lwesibini yokubhiyozela - oko Aprili 14.

Umthandazo ukuba uphawu

waziwa kakuhle kakhulu eyahlukeneyo yamandla Vilna i icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yintoni yokuthandaza phambi lo mfanekiso? Ngokuqhelekileyo oku inikeza imithandazo kunye nesicelo ukunciphisa okanye ukunyanga izifo zabo ngokomoya nangokwenyama. Kuyinto le zeziphiliso, balizukisa nomfanekiso. Nantso ke into xa bethandaza kunye nedilesi kuMama kaThixo phambi kwalo icon.

Kwakhona ucele ukukhuselwa iimbandezelo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuhlangulwa esonweni, ukusuka iintshaba ukhuseleko ezahlukeneyo. Kukho umthandazo, ngalo unonikezelo kwi icon, kodwa asinayo akathist eyahlukileyo, Troparion kunye Kontakion.

Ngaloo ndlela, ngokusekelwe zonke ngasentla, Wilensky sidumisa kubaluleke gqitha yonke obudala.

Brama icon

Kwakhona e Vilnius akukho lungu image akukho ayeze ngaphantsi, nto leyo naye ngokunjalo ngamanye amaxesha kunye ngasentla. Kwakhona unalo ubutyebi bembali kunye yamandulo ncam, kunye neenguqulelo ezininzi imvelaphi yayo. It Vilna kweSango Dawn icon, ngelo okwangoku e Lithuania, kwi Chapel of Dawn.

Imvelaphi yalo icon umdla kakhulu. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba lo mfanekiso kwaziswa ukusuka Chersonese (Korsun), ngoko neminye imithombo kwaye ibizwa ngokuba "I Annunciation of Korsun." wamngenisa Duke UAlgirdas kuye iphulo nxamnye nangezinto wanika umfazi wakhe uMariya. Noko ke, umfazi wakhe wesibini wanika icon aseTrinity Holy Monastery.

Ngokutsho ilivo yesibini, i icon yena wabonakala kwisiqithi kwesango 1431 elinesine Epreli. Kodwa kukho isiko wesithathu, njengoko apho icon ye Ioann Paleolog wathumela Lithuanian Prince Olgerd emva kokuba kuguqukela kubuKristu. Ngaloo ndlela, kwabakho zamahenyu engummangaliso kumhlaba Lithuanian.

Days of imibhiyozo kunye nokuthandaza le icon

Vilna iSango Dawn icon ye nguMama kaThixo uneentsuku zalo mbhiyozo. Ixesha lokuqala kulo nyaka siza kuba ngoAprili 14. Olu suku ukundikhumbula ezintathu Ukholo Lithuanian. Usuku lwesibini sikhumbuzo iwela ngoDisemba 26.

isiphelo

Xa ndiqukumbela, siphawula ukuba icon ye Virgin Vilna, ezifana Mercy, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu Orthodox. Nangona eli nani lokugqibela iziqu yi Orthodox namaKatolika Greek ngenxa yeziganeko ezenzeka kwi kummandla Lithuania. Oku konke kubonisa ukuba ukholo lwenene alinayo imida, ukuba qhagamshelana njengabalamli zethu ngenyameko, ngokwasentliziyweni ehlambulukileyo nentlonelo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kusinceda kulo, ngamanye amaxesha oku lula, indlela yobomi.