Xa ufuna ugonyo kumgada? Ziveza, Izimo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Pet umgada ugonyo efunekayo ngonyaka. Kuphela kule meko sinokulindela ukuba isilwanyana bungasifumani ngokwakhe kwaye akubeki engozini abantu ezikufuphi. Ngapha koko, esi sifo kukuba asikuko nokuba kuyabulala, ukuba sinomgada kuphuhliswa - akukho dog okanye umntu nto ukunceda. Njengokuba esondezela abantu, ukulungiswa yonyaka lokunqanda akuyi kufuneka, eli yeza lisetyenziselwa kuphela njengenyathelo likaxakeka xa ethe walunywa sisilwanyana esolwa kukuba nto esosulelayo.

Esi sifo sibangelwa ziintsholongwane ze uhlobo usapho Lyssavirus Rhabdovirida. Oku kudluliselwa ezininzi izilwanyana zasendle, ingakumbi aqubude kuzo. Lwegciwane ungena yegazi kunye ngamathe eliphakathi kwaye kuchaphazela iiseli zemithambo-luvo umnqonqo kunye nobuchopho. Isiphumo lo kobuchopho etsolo, nisingise ekufeni ngeveki - enye enesiqingatha ukususela ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Unobangela yokufa - ukubanjwa sokuphefumla. Ithuba elisuke inokuba nokuba elifutshane (iintsuku ezili-10) kunye elide (iiveki ukuya ku-7).

Namhlanje, ugonyo kumgada ngumlinganiselo eqhelekileyo, yaye uninzi abanini yezilwanyana ngesiqhelo agonye ngazo le ntsholongwane, ngoko ke mthombo uphambili yosulelo ihlala izinja zasendle, singawi. Kumazwe asakhasayo, ukugqabhuka zenzeka qho ngaphezu kwi ephucukile. Ugonyo abantu luyafumaneka manani, malunga 10-12 yezigidi. Kunyaka ngamnye, malunga 35,000 abantu kubulawa ngumgada. Amaninzi ngabantwana.

History of indalo

Isifo ugonyo kokusungulwa zizazinzulu evela eFransi ogama Louis Pasteur ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo - ngo-1885 - ngokwesiseko intsholongwane okuncitshiswe. Kule 80 zenkulungwane lokugqibela, abaphandi udale isitofu inactivated entsha, esebenza kunye ikhuseleke kakhulu. Emva kokuba isigulane yayo intshayelelo okukwazi ezinzileyo ibunjiwe, kwaye ukuba intsholongwane uqala ukuphuhlisa, zabiwa nangoko omzimba okunqanda oko, kunye nokuthintela izifo.

Xa ugonyo kumgada

Njengendlela yothintelo ogonyo ziwusasaze ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abahlala kwiindawo apho kukho isifo esi sifo, kwakunye nangoko emva silume umntu okanye esinye isilwanyana ongaziwayo. Ukuba isilwanyana iyaziwa, ngoko ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba isitofu sokugonya, ukuba akunjalo - ukwenza uhlalutyo ntsholongwane egazini. isilwanyana ndlongondlongo into elaya kwaye ahlole kweziyobisi nengqondo - azihlole inokuthenjwa.

Nokuba ukwenza ugonyo kumgada umntu yinja qabane wakhe?

Ukuba inja okanye ikati isitofu sokugonya, kwaye wamqumbisa nokuhlaselwa ngumnini, ngoko amathuba umgada kuyinto engekhoyo. Ukuba kokwakhelwa nezilwanyana kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo akazange phendla naziphi engaziqhelanga ngehambo, ngoko akukho nto yakoyika.

Ukuba umhlobo ezine-inemilenze akukho isitofu sokugonya, kwaye ngaphandle ukuba onke amathuba ukuze okubanjwa kwizilwanyana zasendle, kuthintelo imfuneko zabantu.

Izimo ukuba lokugonya umgada

- imeko intswelo omzimba;

- phambi yamathumba;

- Iingxaki phakathi ugonyo zangaphambili

imiphumela emibi

Njengaye nawuphi na unyango, ugonyo kumgada lube neziphumo zalo;

- Iimpawu yendawo emva kokuba isitofu: intlungu, ukudumba, ububomvu (ukuya kwi-74% Gonya)

- intloko ebuhlungu kunye izihlunu iintlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukungakhululeki esiswini, isiyezi (40% graftable)

Ngaphantsi ezivame iingxaki zilandelayo:

- ubuhlungu bamalunga, irhashalala, kunye nomkhuhlane (6%);

- paresis njengembi, ukuphazamiseka yawo, zemizwa (Barré syndrome). Kukho enqabileyo kakhulu kwaye udlula ngokupheleleyo iinyanga ezi-3.

Amacandelo ichiza kunokubangela negazi ezahlukahlukeneyo ubungnqongqo. Umzekelo, iintsana abasabela Andidibani protein iqanda, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqalisa intsholongwane azithabathele phezu ngeembumba enkukhu. Nge ezilwenza ugonyo kuyimfuneko ukuba ngokuchanekileyo ukubhala umhla, ixesha kunye neemeko imvelaphi yayo kwaye asebenzise olu lwazi kwagqirha.