Yamathumba ovarian ingozi: sifo, iimpawu, unyango

In ne G yamathumba ovarian ebubonisayo mihla - yeyona ngxaki ngqo. Sifo kuphela "abancinane" qho ngonyaka. Yena uthambekele ngokulinganayo zombini amantombazana aselula kunye nabafazi abadala. Ukungabikho lempatho kungakhokelela nemiphumela emibi, kuquka ukufa.

yamathumba ebubonisayo ebulalayo ovarian

ukukhula Ithumba pathologically gqitha cell kwithishyu. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe akhiwa izinto imvelaphi ezahlukahlukeneyo, enze ezahlukeneyo kwemisebenzi. Yamathumba basoloko ezakhiwe-ntathu. Njengoko inkqubo imazi lokuzala, kule meko, inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo lokuqala uqala ukuphuhlisa ezi zivamvo ngokwabo. Andule ke aye izakhiwo asebumelwaneni, uboyisa kwiindawo ezintsha.

Thathela ingqalelo iinguqu ezenzeka iiseli zonke nangezilonda yalo mmandla kwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini: nangezilonda ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu ovarian. Oluhlobo ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Kweli xesha lokuzala, ezinye ebubonisayo similise amabi. Noko ke, kukho ubunzima umahluko.

ithumba luphawulwa isantya ngokukhawuleza ukukhula kunye ukukwazi ukungena kwezinye iiseli esempilweni. iba Konke oku kuthetha ukuntshula iiseli zophendlo lwezifo nasezimpahleni emithanjeni, kunye ukusasazeka wonke umzimba kunye ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngenxa yoko a metastases ezininzi. Histologically, iiseli amabi zahluke kubume ezivela kumacandelo esempilweni ovarian. Ngembonakalo, ukuba zahlukahlukene kakhulu, njengoko rhoqo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ekhula.

Ebubonisayo ngobudala ukuba angabamelwane izihlunu esingxobeni, ungaze uyekwe kude kuyo. Noko ke, ukuba luphawulwa ubuchule babo ukukhula ubukhulu, nto leyo maxa wambi kukhokelela ucinezelo amalungu angabamelwane. izinto ezinjalo musa ukubatshabalalisa ephilile musa ukubonisa notyekelo iyakhula. Emva kokususa phantse lonk iza bachache ngokupheleleyo. amatyala zingabuyi kunqabile ize ekuhleni.

Amanqaku inkqubo ebubonisayo

Zamaqanda zithathwa amalungu ibalulekileyo yale nkqubo zokuzala. Bona zavelisa iihomoni ngesondo, iqanda. Kwelinye icala, xa kakhulu kaninzi oku bekwenza njengetekeni kwiintlobo ngeentlobo iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo. Cysts kunye yamathumba phakathi amalungu ahlukeneyo okuzala ngokuqhelekileyo khetha zamaqanda. Bona ingqalelo isakhiwo sibuthathaka. ithumba ovarian ebubonisayo, angazishiyi imida welungu abachaphazelekayo, evumela ukuba balahle sifo. Eyona ndlela konyango kutyando ubabalo.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto olu hlobo oogqirha la maziko alandelayo:

1. Uluhlu na ubudala.
2. Ukunciphisa amandla okuzala basetyhini.
3. Ukunqongophala iimpawu ezithile.
4. zisengozini enkulu yokuba inguqu elinobuhlungu - yenguqu ibe ithumba.

Kaninzi inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kuchaphazela amabhinqa emva kweminyaka engama-30. Lubonakala yi nazimpawu. Oku "umhlaza cwaka". isihloko sayo unyanzelisa wonke umfazi ngokusondeleyo iliso impilo yabo yaye baye zihlolwe ngamaxesha kwi ugqirha.

Umzekelo, ukudumba ezihlobene ngohlobo etsolo njalo intlungu appreciable. Oku kubangela nenekazi ukubona ugqirha kwindawo yokwamkela iindwendwe nto leyo kutyhilwa kunye nesifo yingozi. Kwezinye iimeko zinqabile kakhulu okuwisa imvakalelo kwindawo esiswini asezantsi. Ngoko ke, inkqubo umhlaza kunokuba badidekile kunye nokuphazamiseka wamathumbu okanye isifo isibeleko. Ngenxa yokugula kuhlala izakulahlwa kwaye ngenkuthalo luphuhla.

Kubanga zokugula

Umyalezo weimeyile yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian ayaziwa. Amagqirha bayayiphikisa ngomba, evakalisa okucingelwayo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, oogqirha bakwazi ukuchonga lonke iqela yokuxhokonxa zinto. impembelelo zabo kuphula amathuba yophuhliso inkqubo yezifo. Ezi zinto zibandakanya:

• izifo hormone;
• ovulation okuqhubekayo;
• yofuzo;
• inkqubo ukungathobeli nokwanda follicular;
• abafumana hormone;
• ukutshaya.

Pregnancy angangunobangela wokuhlaselwa uphuhliso lwenkqubo elihle.

picture clinical

Ngokufuthi nisaqala yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian wavakalisa akukho zimpawu. Ngokukhula imfundo utshintsho picture clinical. Abafazi badla beze ulwamkelo ukuya ugqirha kunye nezikhalazo zilandelayo:

1. Umzobo iintlungu kwindawo esezantsi esiswini, ebonakala ngu elinye macala.
2. Nenzalo.
3. Ukophulwa umjikelo lomfazi.
4. imvakalelo Ukusoloko ubunzima osesiswini.
5. disorder Dizuricheskie.
6. Iingxaki kunye defecation, yobungakanani esiswini ngenxa flatulence.

Wabonakala ezimbini zokugqibela sifo zinqabile, kodwa uphawu lwe nkqu ubungakanani omncinane ithumba yokuqala. Abafazi bona yaye oogqirha nesele musani uyinike ixabiso.

Ezinye iintlobo cysts, indalo ingozi ezahlukeneyo, bekwazi nokuvelisa iihomoni. Ngenxa yoko, esi sifo kukhatshwa iingxaki zempilo zilandelayo:

• ukungabikho elide sexesheni;
• ukwandiswa clitoral;
• ukunciphisa ubungakanani amadlala mammary;
• uphuhliso induna;
• kwemfuneko ukukhula iinwele umzimba uhlobo eyindoda;
• syndrome Cushing kaThixo.

Ezi mpawu zingavela ngokupheleleyo na ubudala, kuquka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Iimpawu zesi sifo kwi imilenze ithumba torsion

nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ephawuleka ikhondo elinzima ithumba nabungozi lwe isizalo phakathi kwabasetyhini. Ukubonakalisa oqhelekileyo kucingwa ukuba torsion neoplasms imilenze. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke kumazwe ingozi kunye asemdeni. Isakhiwo iquka imilenze luvo zotyando, imithambo yegazi, tube Imibhobho, isahlulo peritoneal kunye zesibeleko lungu. Ezi mpawu zilandelayo kwenzeka xa amandla ithumba umthetho:

• ubuhlungu unilateral ngequbuliso kule ndawo esezantsi esiswini, nto leyo maxa wambi uthatha kwi umlinganiswa esisigxina;
• ukugabha nentliziyo;
• ukuqumba;
• xhopho clammy;
• isikhumba kuba luthuthu;
• ukwanda lobushushu emzimbeni.

Le miqondiso lomonakalo ayikho ngokusisigxina. Kwimeko torsion kwenxenye yengxinano imilenze babo ungaphantsi kakhulu. Baya kungaphela ngokwabo kwaye ivele kwakhona.

ngezigaba izifo

Kuzo zonke neziqu zuza mihla wenza ukuba babele kumaqela kunye nomnye. Kukho ukuhlelwa ezininzi nangezilonda ingozi ovarian, nganye ethatha njengesiseko umqondiso ethile. Umzekelo, i-World Health Organization inikela iinketho yokuzahlula ilandelayo:

1. yamathumba Epithelial: serous, mucinous, endometrioid, iseli olucacileyo njalo njalo.
2. Sex intambo-stromal neoplasms: Tecoma, fibroma, androblastoma.
3. yamathumba lwegciwane iseli: cyst dermoid, goiter ovarian.
4. iinkqubo Ithumba: cysts ezininzi follicular, surface inclusions epithelial, endometriosis, stromal hyperplasia, njl gipertekoz.

Noko ke, xa kusenziwa ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo ukwahlukana inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo iindidi ezimbini: ithumba ukubunjwa komhlaba (epithelial) ithumba ovarian. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ngamnye maqela mabini iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

ithumba ukwakheka

Olu didi yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian ibandakanya:

1. cyst Follicular. Amaninzi sifo e amantombazana. Cyst senzeka kuphela maqanda mnye, iphawulwa yokuhamba kunye bhetyebhetye. ububanzi bayo ziyahluka ukusuka cm 2.5 ukuya kwi-10. I-ngezifo wabonakalisa ukungathobeli kumjikelo ababhinqileyo. Kudla oko kukhatshwa kuphuhliso sexesheni ilibele, kulandele ukopha kakhulu. Emva 3-6 imijikelo a cyst wena iyalahleka. It ayahlukanga ukuthambekela yobubi, kodwa ufuna esweni. Emva kokuchaza kucetyiswa esweni rhoqo.
2. Corpus luteum cyst. Ubungakanani yamathumba ingaba 3-6.5 cm. Ngokwezonyango, ukuthi kuziveza menstruations, ukopha efa evela kwilungu lobufazi, engorgement ibele. Corpus luteum cyst wambi baqonda ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kuyenzeka ukuba siqwalasele ubume usebenzisa ultrasound. Ukubakho izahlulelo enye / ezininzi, egazi igazi nje ngaphandle. Kunokwenzeka umsantsa ukwakhiwa emva kokuba neentlobano zesini.
3. cyst Serous. Phambi kokuba ngezifo histology idla ngokuphosakeleyo cyst follicular. Kukho amacebiso yobubi kunokwenzeka, kodwa bokuba ngokubonakalayo. cyst Serous ikhulela iintsalela ye osandul kidney zaseprayimari. Kuyinto imfundo ezinokususwa ilastiki, ubungakanani ogama ayidluli-10 cm. Ubukhulu becala ukubonisa ukudumba emva Ukucofa imilenze yakhe.

Unyango kwezigulane nangezilonda ebubonisayo ovarian kuqalisa kuphela emva kwesigqibo uhlobo ezahlukeneyo ezimbi.

ngamathumba epithelial

Eli qela elikhulu, oluhlasela i-70% yazo zonke yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian. Yamathumba ziphuhliswa ukusuka stroma epithelial kunye nomzimba phezulu. Zikholisa ukuba umlinganiswa elinye macala. On Ngokucofa ayahlukanga okugula, kodwa luphawulwa ukushukumiseka bomsebenzi ilastiki. ndlela-Two uhlobo sifo sithathwa ibitheni ngenxa yobubi.

ukukhathalelwa komntwana ngamnye, nangezilonda asemdeni. Oku serous, yangaphakathi, ugalelwe kunye nezinye iintlobo ezikhoyo. Emva kotyando, oko asikabi okuba likakade. Ngokutsho izifundo, nangezilonda asemdeni zihlelwe nje ukungaqheleki ephantsi-grade. Amaninzi, baye bafunyaniswa bene ekuhlanganisweni kweentombi xa nisaqala zophuhliso.

iimviwo Medical

Uxilongo yamathumba ovarian ingozi kakhulu yingxaki. Ingakumbi sisaqala, xa imiqondiso ecacileyo yenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo bengekho. ne G abaninzi nakho ukuchonga yamathumba yi Ngokucofa. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, qiniseka ukuba kubhenela ngexesha lokuhlolwa.

Ukuba urhanela ngezifo nomonde ultrasound zangasese umiswa. Kucingwa eyona omnye ultrasonography transvaginal neemviwo umbala Doppler. Oku ulwazi indlela uviwo yokuqingqa isakhiwo kunye nobukhulu nethumba. Ngaphezu abelwe uvavanyo igazi yokuqingqa CA-19 kunye CA-125 elimakishayo. Nalo luveza yindlela yobubi.

Inqanaba lokugqibela ithathwa zoviwo diagnostic histological, apho ugqirha kuthatha isampulu ijwabu ithumba. Emva kokufunda le nkcazelo yemigaqo ngokuchanileyo ukuthetha yenkqubo ingozi okanye amabi.

iimpawu therapy

Indlela esisiseko zokunyanga yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian Ukungenela yotyando. Isicwangciso Unyango nakubungakanani nokusebenza zikhethiwe ngamnye. Kulo mzekelo, ugqirha kufuneka athathe ingqalelo ubudala umguli, umnqweno wakhe ukulondoloza umsebenzi okuzala. Hayi indima yokugqibela ngoku udlalwa nge uhlobo yamathumba kulo mbandela.

Namhlanje, iingcali ezininzi bakhetha utyando laparoscopy. ithumba ebubonisayo ovarian - akukho isivakalisi. Nge unyango ngexesha uncedo unyango kunokwenzeka ukuba alondoloze umsebenzi okuzala. Le ndlela yokungenelela luphawulwa ingozi ephantsi iingxaki, kunye nexesha kwimo idlule ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo.

Ukuba laparoscopy ayikwazi zabelwe oophorectomy. Lo msebenzi kukwaquka oophorectomy epheleleyo kunye neoplasm zezasekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba resection kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko iinkunzi elizayo. Ngoko ke, unyango yamathumba ebubonisayo ovarian ngale ndlela yenziwa kwiimeko kakhulu. Xa kwasendaweni kabini-emalungana inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo bayithwala pangisterektomiya - umsebenzi apho isibeleko lwancothulwa waso.

Ngamanye amaxesha yamathumba abafunyaniswe ngayo abasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Ngethamsanqa, le sifo esingaqhelekanga, kwaye% 0.4 kuphela amatyala. Yayibubungqina esingundoqo utyando ngexa lokukhulelwa - ithumba elihle ovarian-10 cm ubukhulu. Utyando lwenziwa kuphela okanye II ezintathu.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

Xa efumanise yamathumba kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha zanyanzelisa ukususwa kwakhe. Isizathu soku isigqibo okuba eliphezulu iingxaki. Zeziphi iingxaki umfazi nazo?

1. Yobubi yenkqubo yezifo. Lo bunzima eziyingozi ithumba ebubonisayo ovarian. Umsebenzi wenziwe ngendlela kwangexesha kuvumela ukuba nethemba bachache ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba nethumba kwaye kwafunyaniswa kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye unyango iqalwa emva kwexesha, amathuba yotshintsho yayo angendawo malunga ne30-50%. Ngelo xesha kukho ubuchule ithumba ukuze akhule abe izicwili ezisecaleni kunye namaziko. izinto Mutated kungawunwenisa wonke umzimba, ebangela iinkqubo ongenakulungiseka ngumhlaza.
2. Philisi komsipha. Le ngxaki njalo luhambisana iintlungu eziqatha, ukopha, kunye nokothuka. Ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo imixholo philisi ongena kwisisu. Ngenxa yoko yokuphuhlisa peritonitis aseptic. Le ingxaki ifuna ukungenelela yotyando. Kungenjalo, zanda amathuba azikhuli ukuba engozini ukukwazi umfazi ukuba ukukhawula.
3. Torsion umlenze ithumba. Le ingxaki iphuhlisa ithumba elihle ovarian njalo singalindelanga. Idla kwakhokelwa intshukumo ngesiquphe emzimbeni okanye nomzimba. Linegunya ngokwawo negalelo ukuphazamiseka trophic kwi thumba. Le ngezifo ihamba ahlekise. Ulusu uba libunile kwaye ubume ubadlisa ubomi kakhulu. Torsion umlenze Ithumba kufuna umsebenzi ongxamisekileyo. Kungenjalo, kokukhona kusenokwenzeka ukuyilwa necrosis, usuleleko zasesekondari emzimbeni.

Ezi ngxaki zibhekwa njengezona ziqhelekileyo.

Izindlela zokuthintela

Isizathu esona sizathu senkcazo yokukhubazeka sifihliweyo. Kuza kubekho namhlanje, akukho namanyathelo athile okukhusela ayenziwe. Nangona kunjalo, iimviwo ezikhuselekileyo rhoqo kwi-gynecologist kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound ukuvumela ukufumana ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokukhusela ukubola kwesifo se-ovarian tumor.

Iziphakamiso zezonyango zoogqirha ekukhuselweni kwesi sifo nazo zinciphisa ukubeka esweni kwimiba ye-hormonal. Oku kusebenza kubo bonke abesifazana abasetyhini obufanelekileyo abaye bafikelela kwiminyaka yokuzala. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kufuneka udibane nodokotela kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe yokulungelelanisa ibhalansi.