Yintoni drill? Iborax: isicelo. Intsingiselo yegama elithi "drill"

Uninzi imichiza esetyenziswa yi umntu ezahlukeneyo mveliso. Ezi ziquka kombiwa kuyo. Oku esetyenziswa kwishishini, ezolimo, ubunjineli, amayeza, ubomi njalo njalo. N. Yintoni kombiwa? Le ezimbiwa, ekwabizwa ngokuba tinkalom okanye sodium borate na iipropati ezizodwa.

Overview

Ngoko ke yintoni na drill? Le into crystallizes kwinkqubo monosimmetricheskoy. ukubukeka kwawo kufana nezintlu augite. Iguqulwe kwi-Persian Igama layo lithetha "white." umfutho transparent, ukusetyenziswa apho kunokwenzeka emva ziikristale Ukuphathwa ngenyameko, phantse ezingenambala okanye nombala kancinane. Lubonakala yi likhanye aswiti incasa, obrak. Le into enyibilikayo emanzini. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ngokuqhelekileyo 1 inxalenye tinkala ukuthatha 14 zamanzi. Ingongoma yokunyibilika ayikhumbule izimbiwa 60,8 ° C. Emva ukunyibilika blowtorch ilangatye zipeyintwe umbala omthubi, Ke ubuncwane ngokwayo xa iba iglasi enemibala.

Le khemikhali Ukubunjwa iboraksi

Makhe sijonge ukuba drill ngokwalo chemistry. Umchiza of olungumgubo: Na ₂ B ₄ O _7. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ikhona crystalline Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ • 10H ₂ Owu, engqamana-16% of hayidroksayidi, 37% boric acid kunye 47% amanzi. IBorax izinto ekrwada lokupheka iikhompawundi eziqulathwe kuyo. ezilawulwa Umgangatho GOST 8429-77. Ekuthengisweni sodium tetraborate (iboraksi) inikezelwa njenge ngumgubo crystalline emhlophe, ogama umgangatho kuxhomekeke kwimiba eyahlukeneyo ntumbuluko imichiza. Imveliso iza kumabakala ezimbini: A (iqhekeza ubunzima yeboraksi ayikho ngaphantsi kwe 99,5%) kunye B (94%). Kwakhona, oko iqulethe carbonates, sulfates, yepeyinti esiyityhefu.

Mining and nokufumana uqheliso

Le nto amaninzi atsalwa phantsi kweemeko zendalo. Yintoni drill ngokwengqiqo ebanzi yeli gama? Le yezimbiwa fanele ukuba udidi borates. It is a kwenze chemical yaphuse amachibi yetyuwa. EYurophu, iyeza umbuzo wokuqala yavela emva kokuba yafunyanwa amachibi Tibetan. Ukusuka apho elinye igama layo - tinkal. brown Rich ezinye California amachibi nzulu, apho uvelisa ziikristale ezinkulu kakhulu. Sales ukwazi ukuhlangabezana tetraborate yobugcisa kunye sodium ukutya.

Ngowe-1748, iboraksi ukusuka boric acid kunye nesoda okwesihlandlo sokuqala wafumana ekhemesti French Enuvil. Kwaye ngexesha lethu, ezinye iinkampani inxaxheba kwimveliso kwezindlela sodium tetraborate decahydrate. Iborax ngezandla zakhe zingafumaneka ngokuthi lwaze boric acid kunye sodium carbonate, kunye ngumphunga elandelayo umxube kunye nama. Le nkqubo isekelwe phezu basabela kwemichiza: Na ₂ C0 ₃ + 4H ₃ BO ₃ = 6H ₂ O + CO ₂ + Na ₂ B ₄ 0 _7. Isikhongozeli walungisa isisombululo soda kunye ndinobushushu 95-100? C, likuxhoxhela rhoqo. Ngoko kukho kuthulula boric acid. Ukuba isisombululo foamed, idityaniswa kuzo iinxalenye ezincinane. Umlinganiselo kufuneka baziphathe ngendlela apho isisombululo iqulethe 16-20% Na ₂ B ₄ 0 ₇ no 0,5-1,0% Na ₂ C0 _3. Lo mxube wabiliswa imizuzu engama-30, yahluzwa yaye zipholile ukunika kwakheka. Artificial yezimbiwa chemistry eyahlukileyo ziikristale zendalo rhombohedral kwaye liquka amancinane amanzi. Ingasetyenziswa kuphela izicelo yobugcisa zonyango.

Iborax: izicelo industrial

Isicelo lobuchule kwale nto kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. IBorax isisahlulo obhobhozayo ngenxa ukuwelda zesinyithi, kuquka anqabileyo. Njengenxalenye yale mali isetyenziswa kwimveliso iglasi, enamels, glazes, njengomthombo ibhoroni oxide buyafuneka. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ukuze nokuveliswa ebulala, izinambuzane, yaye njengoko ukubola ekusetyenzweni kwezikhumba ekrwada. imfuneko iboraksi for electrolytes yokunyibilikisa isinyithi.

Tinkal a feedstock ekwenziweni sodium perborate, nto leyo icandelo ephambili ioksijini-mhlophe isepha engumgubo kumajelo eendaba zokwenziwa. Ukuphucula iimpawu zokucoca kunye nokugcina viscosity ofunekayo, pH, enika ukukwazi ukwenza emulsion sodium tetraborate kwelo khaya kunye arhente zoshishino zokucoca, kunye zokukhazimlisa natirok. Iborax isetyenziselwa ezivelisa izinto zokuthambisa, ulwelo waqhekeza; yaye buyafuneka ekwenziweni nokubanda, kuba, esiza wadibana intsimbi umhlwa inhibitor Iifomu inamehlo ezintsonkothileyo. Oku kusetyenziswa ekwenziweni yokuncamathelisa ezahlukeneyo.

Ukusetyenziswa yeboraksi ekhaya

Le ezimbiwa kudala isetyenziswa ngabantu nje cleanser yendalo. Isando iboraksi isetyenziselwa ukucoca kakuhle izixhobo sanitary. Ngaba ungathanda lakhanya yakho yangasese? Akukho mbuzo: iya kuba yanele ekwakuthululwa 1 indebe yezimbiwa emhlabeni kuyo kwaye ushiye ubusuku. Plumbing mayicocwe ibhrashi kusasa, uyakwazi ukususa phantse nayiphi na imveliso nzima ungcoliseko. Xa isisombululo zolwelo yeboraksi (2 h. L. 0.5 l amanzi) njenge isepha.

Le into unique ingasetyenziswa ukwenzela ukulawula iintakumba namaphela. Umzekelo, kwiindawo apho amaphelo ngamathuba wathulula powder iboraksi. Akuyomfuneko ukuba naxhala malunga komsi: hi mpimo lowutsongo ngayo engeyongozi abantu kunye nezilwanyana.

Ukuze silwe isibetho ukulungiselela intlama engqindilili ngamanzi kunye iboraksi. ukusasazeka kwayo phezu komhlaba wulahle ze uyishiye iiyure 12-24. Womile yepasta kome ibrashi yakuhlamba yokutyiwa yamanzi. Esi sixhobo into efanelekileyo kuphela imiphezulu azidingi ngamanzi. Ukongeza, drill isetyenziswa ngokusebenzisana istatshi kuba unyango lwe iikhola kunye cuffs. Kwaye usebenza ngayo izinto yokuhlamba eyenziwe ngoboya (1 hr. L. 1 ilitha yamanzi). Kutheni? Gqitha ilula: ukwenza iingubo ezitofotofo na.

Ngawo amayeza

Sodium tetraborate sisetyenziswe kubola ngenxa gargles, douches, unyango ulusu kunye kwisisu ngomlomo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, glycerol (20%) okanye izisombululo zolwelo yeboraksi. izisombululo utywala ayisekho, kuba ondoqo ezingenakunyibilika butywala. Gcina iboraksi kufuneka ambathe isikhongozeli ezivaliweyo ingafumaneki abantwana, njengoko kukuninzi kanye lokuhlala aphezulu kunokuba yingozi kwimpilo.