Yintoni efanele ukuba imbuyekezo ukuba ukusilela ukubeka enkulisa: umthetho, imali kunye neziphakamiso

Kutsha nje, Unelungelo lokufumana imbuyekezo iindleko kwiziko lemfundo pre-school aba ngokuhambelana nomthetho bonke abazali. Imiqathango ezinjalo iintlawulo kulawulwa ngumthetho "Kwi imfundo". Of iindleko zeenkonzo abancinane, apho umntwana, kwaye inani labantwana kusapho kuxhomekeka ixabiso lembuyekezo.

Enkulisa umntwana karhulumente kungathatha iminyaka enye enesiqingatha. Yaba ngeli xesha izibonelelo zikarhulumente kuyeka ukuba kongezeleka, kunye noomama abaninzi bazama ukuya emsebenzini. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingxaki ezineegadi kwimimandla emininzi kusonjululwa ngendlela eyakhayo. Wakha izakhiwo ezindala preschools ezitsha okanye babuyiselwe. Emizini ezininzi ehlotyeni aqalile ukuthatha amatakane kwiqela omncinane. Xa ndandityelele naliphi na iziko uthole emfundo abantwana babo, abazali kufuneka ukuba zenze iintlawulo. Kuba ezinye iindidi abemi inikwa ithuba lokuhlala mahala enkulisa. Ngabo aba abantwana ngaphandle ukulondolozwa ngabazali, abantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye neenkedama.

Nangona ingxaki eziguqulweyo kunye ingasombululwa, hayi yonke imimandla abazali abakwazi ukuba babhalise abantwana babo epriskuli ukuya kwiminyaka 1.5, nkqu phambi izibonelelo ezithile. Ndingalufumana imbuyekezo ukuba ukusilela ukubeka egadini?

Lo mbuzo ayikwazi ukuba iphendulwe eziqhitsini. Ekubeni ngeli xesha kwezinye iingingqi, imbuyekezo ngokusilela ukufaka kwi abazali enkulisa yabantwana ihlawulwa, kodwa hayi kwezinye. Kutheni le nto isenzeka nendlela ngokusesikweni esi sibonelelo?

Imbuyekezo ngenxa yokungabikho kweendawo ku eziguqulweyo

Iintsapho ezininzi kweli lizwe musa ukufumana ithuba lokuba ukuthumela abantwana babo abancinane. Oku kuthetha ukuba oomama kufuneka bahlale iholide. Abakwazi baye emsebenzini abafumana umvuzo, apho kuyimfuneko kangaka isondlo somntwana. Le meko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, le ngokubachasa ukuba uxwebhu oluphambili zelizwe --siseko, amaphepha apho baqinisekiswa ukufikelela abemi imfundo pre-school Russian.

Ingaba kukho umthetho enika izihlalo abancinane?

Ukuhlawulwa umdla ezininzi, ngoko kwiminyaka eli-15 eyadlulayo, utshintsho zalungiselelwa, elibonelela ukuba iintlawulo ezinikwe iintsapho abanabantwana abangenazo izihlalo ngokwaneleyo enkulisa. Bekucingelwa ukuba ezi ezintsha ezizakubanesiphumo ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2012. Noko ke, nangona ukungxamiseka mba kunye kabukhali yayo, eli phulo ayixhaswanga, akadla ziquka kuwiso-mthetho kweli lizwe, eyile uMthetho Federal "On imfundo".

Ngenxa yoko, kwinqanaba federal, ingxaki isekho ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kodwa imbuyekezo kwiintsapho bangakwazanga uqhoboshele umntwana enkulisa, nangoku ezihlawulwa kwimimandla ezithile zelizwe lethu. Eneneni, ukungabikho yokudityaniswa yowiso lokuxhamla okunjalo kwinqanaba federal akuthinteli abasemagunyeni kwingingqi ukuze benze loo ntlawulo.

Njani oko kusebenza kwimimandla?

yokwenza Uniform ukwenza iintlawulo apho, kuba ilizwe kwisifundo ngasinye ziyasetyenziswa schemes ngamnye.

Kwezinye iingingqi, apho ngokusilela ukubeka in enkulisa afaneleke ukuba imbuyekezo, iintlawulo zenziwa abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka enye enesiqingatha ukuya kwiminyaka emithandathu. Kwezinye oomasipala, ezifana e Lipetsk, abazali banelungelo imbuyekezo phezu kokuvela kweminyaka emithathu. E Samara, iintlawulo ezinikwe abazali abanabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka enye enesiqingatha ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu.

Kwezinye izithili imbuyekezo ngokusilela ukunika indawo enkulisa akuxhomekekanga ubudala bomntwana, ie unikelwa mali olungatshintshiyo umntwana kwiminyaka emibini ubudala, nabantwana abahlanu. Noko ke, kwezinye izixeko kukho iqondo. Hi xikombiso, ku Perm, lo gama umntwana abaphakathi kweminyaka enye enesiqingatha ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu, kuhlawulwa intywenka (malunga 5.300 engange), kwaye xa eneminyaka emithathu ukuya kwezintandathu - enye (malunga 5000 engange).

nokuba iintsapho bakufanele ukufumana intlawulo evela kurhulumente?

ukuba abazali abaninzi ochaphazelekayo malunga kuphela isibakala ngokusilela ukunika indawo enkulisa nokuba imbuyekezo, kodwa nxiba ngubani onelungelo kulo. Nokuba lo mmandla kwaye ahlawule inzuzo ukuba akusoloko kulula. Apha kukho enye inkalo imbuyiselo ngenxa yokungabikho kweendawo ku eziguqulweyo: igunya onoxanduva linokwala ukuba ahlawule imbuyekezo iintsapho ingeniso engaphezu iindleko zokuphila (okt ingeniso ilungu ngalinye lentsapho). amanani ezithile nayo eyahlukileyo kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo lizwe. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo ngoku, kungcono ukuba uqhagamshelane arhente ezifanelekileyo kuloo mmandla.

Ukuba sivunyiwe, esi sibonelelo siya kuhlawulwa kuphela ukuba oomama ayezinikele ngokupheleleyo ngokwabo ukuya bekhulisa abantwana, enqaba ukusebenza, kodwa koomama kuba ngabo ngokusemthethweni ikhefu lokuya kubeleka, kwakunye nokufumana imfundo ngembalelwano.

Apho isicelo imbuyekezo?

Ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi intuthuzelo ngokusilela ukunika indawo enkulisa uze ufake kuyo ifumanekile ntoni ukuze, kufuneka uqhagamshelane abasemagunyeni yokhuseleko loluntu (kwezinye oomasipala kweminye imibutho).

Ngawaphi amaxwebhu makangeniswe ukufumana iintlawulo?

Ekubeni imfuneko uthathe iphepha ilandelayo:

• Iikopi kunye sokuqala zezazisi zabo ngabazali bobabini (okanye abameli zomthetho);
• yoqobo kunye ikopi yoxwebhu komtshato (ukuba ngexesha lonyango abazali baqhawule umtshato, ikopi yesiqinisekiso mtshato original);
• izatifikethi zokuzalwa zabantwana (originals kunye neekopi);
• Khangela kwi ukwakheka usapho (a xwebhu zingafumaneka kwi-ofisi yokundwendwela kwindawo yobhaliso);
• isatifiketi esiqinisekisa ubukho umntwana efolisiweyo ukwamkelwa abancinane;
• uxwebhu engqina ukwala ukwamkela umntwana enkulisa;
• isiqinisekiso kwekhefu lokubeleka (certified i Khuphela ngumqeshi incwadi yomsebenzi);
• Iinkcukacha ze-akhawunti yebhanki yoguqulo imbuyekezo;
• isicelo imbuyekezo;
• iinkqubo zonyango unina kunye nomntwana, ngokunjalo SNILS.

Kwezinye iimeko, uluhlu lwamaxwebhu zinokwahluka. Ukuxela ukuba zeziphi iziqinisekiso isiqinisekiso kufuneka ube Ukongezelela khona, kufuneka kumasebe afanelekileyo.

Ukuba abanelisekanga enkulisa?

Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo into yokuba xa umntwana wabingelela emyezweni, nto leyo ibekwe kwenye inxalenye edolophini, yaye ukuze ayifu- kubazali bakhe kuyingxaki, kusenokwenzeka ukuba wokhanyelwa imbuyekezo. Ngapha koko, kwinto yokuba indawo epriskuli eyabelwe.

Ntoni ukuba i-ofisi yengingqi ayiboneleli ngolwazi?

Ukuba uqhagamshelane ukhuseleko loluntu abasemagunyeni ayiphumelelanga ukucacisa le meko ukuba ngaba ukusilela ukuba ihlawule nezihlalo umntwana imiyezo karhulumente wabeka, okanye abasebenzi arhente babe nofifi ngazo naziphi na izibonelelo kulo mbuzo, kuyimfuneko ukuba isicelo kumphathi okwisikhundla esiphezulu. Oko kukuthi, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMfundo. Kweli sebe kufuneka abazali ukunika inkcazelo malunga nokuba kukho umyalelo ofanelekileyo ukuba imbuyekezo.

Imeko yangoku imbuyekezo

Ngokutsho ingcaciso efunyenweyo, kukho inani kwimimandla lizwe lethu Ndafumana indawo kuwiso-mthetho, njengoko intlawulo yezibonelelo kwiintsapho abo bangakwaziyo aqhoboshele umntwana enkulisa. Uluhlu olusemthethweni zifundo bazenzayo intlawulo, akukho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, imbuyekezo ngokusilela ukunika indawo enkulisa iya kuhlawulwa kummandla Perm, Yamalo-Nenets District, laseKirov kunye nezinye iingingqi. Umlinganiselo iintlawulo kwi kwezi zifundo kwi umyalelo amawaka amahlanu engange. Kuba imbuyekezo banelungelo lokuba abazali abanabantwana ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala seenyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo.

Kwezinye iimeko, intlawulo yezibonelelo nangaso?

Ukupheliswa iintlawulo zenyanga lunokwenzeka ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo.

Lo mntwana kwafika ixesha apho urhulumente ubonelela imbuyekezo (akunamsebenzi, nokuba ngexesha lokuvuthwa kwazo ikwazile ukufumana indawo enkulisa okanye hayi).

Olondolozo asemini, wafumana umntwana ababhalise entlanganweni.

Ngaba abazali balindele ukuba imbuyekezo emva indawo kwi abancinane?

Kulo nyaka, ilungelo lokuba bafumane imbuyekezo uyakwazi ukubala kwabo abameli kwezomthetho ukuphumeza utyelelo ukuhlawula abancinane umntwana. Ukulungiswa lokuxhamla okunjalo lilawulwa kumgangatho kamasipala, kwakunye njengoko kumiselwa ngokwesigqibo yayo. Ukucacisa zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko ukujongana kumzimba ukhuseleko loluntu.

Ngokutsho utshintsho kwi khowudi irhafu, oqale ukusebenza ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, kunye Isixa sembuyekezo akusayi ukuluyeka irhafu (13%). Enye "ibhonasi", apho abazali 01.01.2016 nyaka, na ithuba lokungenisa amaxwebhu ukufumana iinzuzo ngqo kwisebe accounting kwamaziko pre-school (ngaphambili onke amaxwebhu kufuneka afake isicelo ukhuseleko lwentlalo).

isiphelo

Ngokusesikweni, kuphela kwimimandla elishumi eli lizwe kwinqanaba likarhulumente esisigxina imbuyekezo ukuba ukusilela ukunika indawo sabaqalayo, nto leyo ihlawulwe omnye wabazali (okanye abagcini babafundi zomthetho). Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba kwezinye iindawo akukho ngxaki. Kungenzeka, abasemagunyeni kwi-ajenda kukho imiba ebalulekileyo kakhulu okanye ingxaki ayikho enkulu ngokwaneleyo.

Ngokutsho iingxelo ngamagosa karhulumente, sihlelwe ukusombulula iingxaki ezivela kukungabikho kweendawo kumaziko emfundo kokuya esikolweni phambi kokuphela kwalo nyaka. oku kuya kwenziwa njani (ukwakhiwa eziguqulweyo ezintsha, okanye ngenye indlela), ayaziwa. Mhlawumbi akukho kuphinda kunyaka ozayo uya kuba umbuzo wokuba ingaba imbuyekezo ukuba ukusilela ukubeka ndawo sabaqalayo, bonke abantwana baya kunikwa ithuba lokuya pre-school kwiminyaka 1.5.