Yintoni lomenzi kunye neemeko eziyimfuneko ayizuze

Efuna ukwazi oko wechiza kufuneka kuqala ucacise ukuba amalungelo awodwa kuyo isebenza kuphela kwindawo ethile: ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunokwenzeka kuphela kweli lizwe apho uxwebhu yalungiselelwa ukuba njengeyabo. Yena kuvumela umnini zokulawula ngokupheleleyo inzala yabo ezikrelekrele: imvume okanye ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye abantu okanye imibutho.

Yintoni ilungelo lomenzi? Olu xwebhu, leyo zingafumaneka kwi-ofisi ekhethekileyo wechiza, kunikezelo nemimiselo yawo echaziweyo kwaye ikhuselwe ngurhulumente. Umzimba we Russian Federation, ojongene nobhaliso olu xwebhu kukuba i-Federal Service of Intellectual Property, nayo elijongene ukulungiswa komntu othile bakhe uphawu, - Rospatent. Nelungelo eRashiya kuMgaqo-mthetho. Ukuchaza imithetho isicelo kuyo, kwakunye nemisebenzi abaziingcali ukulungiselela iingxoxo-sicelo aba yi-Code of the Russian Federation.

Xa ufaka isifundo lomenzi ufumana ukhuseleko ngenxa wokusungula, umfuziselo eliluncedo okanye kuyilo mveliso ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba udale into kuphela, kodwa ayikhange elilodwa lomenzi, akukho malungelo ngaphandle uxwebhu indoda yakhe ayinayo. Kunikezelo patent ngegama ukuba umtyali-mali naziphi na iisampuli zoshishino okanye imodeli umntu onika umbhali wayo ukufumana tivi.

Kwimeko apho isicelo lomenzi sifakiweyo, andule ukunyusa ngenxa yesizathu abanye abantu Wayishiya, uxwebhu angafumana amanye ummi kunye nelungelo ukugqibezela ikopi. Ngenxa yoko, umphuhlisi lokwenyaniso akavumelekanga ukuba asebenzise ilungelo elikhethekileyo wokusungula.

Sibone oko wechiza, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusebenza fyabo amagama kufunwa iminyaka engamashumi - kunye imeko inkxaso yonyaka.

Ixesha lolwamkeleko le patent for imodeli eluncedo lisemthethweni ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi, kodwa kuthi uyinikwe iminyaka emithathu ngokucelwa umsunguli.

Imiqathango efunekayo ukuze nokukhutshwa patents

Umntu unako ukufumana igunya elikuvumela ukuba:

a) oko ezintsha yaye akuzange kwenziwe kusetyenziswa kumsebenzi zobugcisa;

b) ukuba ukusungula inqanaba lokwenziwa komsebenzi;

c) usebenza kwimeko-mveliso, oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kwalo kunokwenzeka kumashishini kunye neemfuno ezolimo.

Yonke i data kwi patent efanelekileyo icaciswe ikhomishini ingcali. Ukuba iimfuno isicelo bahambelana namanani kanye, umntu wamkela uxwebhu esiqinisekisa ilungelo ukuya njengeyabo.

Amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza anikwe, ngenjongo yokukhuthaza inkqubela yobugcisa yaye kwinkalo yolawulo karhulumente. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, urhulumente benomdla ngqo ekulondolozweni izindululo ezizodwa ukuphucula ubugcisa naziphi na iinkqubo kwimveliso kuye.

Siye sahlolisisa ukuba ilungelo elinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba sekuyiminyaka emininzi urhulumente uye wasebenza ukukhusela iimfihlelo mveliso eliphezulu-zobugcisa. USA, umzekelo, isehlo iinkqubo zekhompyutha kumxholo ukhuseleko lwesizwe, kwakukho nkqu ukuvalwa kwamanye amazwe azo lizwe. Qhuba zonke eendaba eshukumayo kunye yinkqubo yekhompyutha.

Kutshanje, Manufacturing zeteknoloji watshintshelwa patents kuphela neenkampani ezinkulu yokusebenza kumashishini zabo.