Yintoni na umgama ukuya inkqubo star Alpha Centauri? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubhabha Alpha Centauri?

Alpha Centauri - injongo nangeziphekepheke eziphaphazelayo imisebenzi emininzi ukubayinxalenye uhlobo yesayensi. Yeyona nkwenkwezi ikufutshane libhekisela mzobo wasezulwini, yoncedo centaur edume Chiron, ngokutsho kwiintsomi zamaGrike, utitshala owayesakuba uMofokeng kunye Achilles.

abaphengululi Modern, kwakunye ababhali, rhoqo esiza emva ngeengcinga ukuya kwinkqubo inkwenkwezi, kuba ayikho kuphela umgqatswa yokuqala yasemajukujukwini elide, kodwa umnini labemi behlabathi kunokwenzeka.

isakhiwo

inkqubo star Alpha Centauri inamalungu amathathu izinto isithuba: Iinkwenkwezi ezimbini igama kunye neempawu elifanayo A and B, kwakunye Proxima Centauri. Kuba ezi iinkwenkwezi luphawulwa kufutshane macandelo mabini kunye kude - eyesithathu. Proxima nje zakutshanje. Umgama ukuya Alpha Centauri nazo zonke izinto zayo malunga 4.3 kukukhanya-iminyaka. Iinkwenkwezi ngakumbi Umhlaba ngeli xesha. Ngelo xesha linye i-fastest sokuntingela Proxima: sonke isabelo 4,22 iminyaka elula.

izihlobo elanga

Alpha Centauri A and B ezahlukileyo neqabane kuphela umgama ukuya Umhlaba. Bona azifani i Proxima ngeendlela ezininzi ezifanayo ilanga. Alpha Centaur A okanye Rigel Kentavrus (lithetha "umlenze Centaur") mhlophe kwicandelo isibini. Toliman njani ukwabizwa ngokuba inkwenkwezi - yingqakumbana emthubi. Ukusuka Umhlaba ngayo ngokugqibeleleyo, kuba iye zero ubukhulu. Olu khetho yenza kube yesine kuluhlu manqaku ngokumangalisayo isibhakabhaka ebusuku. ubungakanani bento ngokoqobo ngexesha elinye kwakhona kunye ilanga.

Star Alpha Centaur In isikhanyiso yethu siphantsi ubunzima (malunga amaxesha 0.9 ixabiso parameter ofana nawo womGaqo-Sun). Ibhekisela izinto ngobuninzi yokuqala, kwaye umgangatho likhanya malunga ezimbini amaxesha ngaphantsi kunolo iinkwenkwezi eziphambili intwana yethu Way. Umgama phakathi Iqabane ezibekwe ngecala yi iiyunithi ngeenkwenkwezi-23, oko kukuthi, ukuba ibekwe kumaxesha 23 ezikude enye kwenye kwe Umhlaba ukusuka elangeni. Toliman Toliman A no-B kunye egxininisa kwiziko ubunzima kunye iminyaka engama-80.

Ezisandul 'ukufunyanwa

Izazinzulu, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, Ndibeke ithemba phezulu phezu kokufunyanwa ubomi endhawini kwenkwenkwezi Alpha Centauri. Neeplaneti kucingelwa ukuba ikhona apha ukuze sifane Umhlaba ngendlela efanayo njengoko embhoxo inkqubo yethu nkwenkwezi izakhi ngokwabo. Noko ke, Kude kube kamva nje, kwafunyanwa kufutshane nkwenkwezi ezi imizimba yesiqalo. Distance akakwazi ukubona ngqo iiplanethi. Ukufumana ubungqina bokuba into Umhlaba-ezifana kuphela kunokwenzeka kunye nokuphuculwa art kwangaphambili.

Ngokusebenzisa indlela ebabusisakha-uqina, oosonzululwazi baye bakwazi ukubona ukuhla ezincinane kakhulu Toliman, evela phantsi kwempembelelo imikhosi omxhuzulane iiplanethi Bajikeleza kuyo. Ngaloo yayifunyenwe ubungqina bobukho ubuncinane enye into enjalo kwinkqubo. Intlokoma okubangelwa emhlabeni wabonakalaliswa ngokohlobo ukubana yayo-51 cm yesibini phambili uze ubuyele nganye. Xa iimeko ezweni intshukumo efana nokuba umzimba inkulu iya kuba obonakalayo kakhulu. Noko ke, kumgama 4.3 ukukhanya-iminyaka ngexesha lokufunyanwa oscillations kubonakala kungenakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, iye ibhalisiwe.

udade Yomhlaba

Found iplanethi Bajikeleza Alpha Centauri B ngeentsuku 3.2. Kubhaliwe usondele kakhulu kwirediyasi iinkwenkwezi okuwo kalishumi ngaphantsi kwe elinediski parameter uphawu Mercury. Ubunzima le nto isithuba kufutshane emhlabeni kwaye imalunga 1.1 ezibunzima planet Blue. Kule ukufana iphela: kufuphi, ngokutsho izazinzulu, exela ukuba imvelaphi yobomi emhlabeni akunakwenzeka. Amandla wokukhanya okufika kumphezulu wayo kumo kakhulu kuyo.

i elikufutshane

Ilungu lesithathu inkqubo inkwenkwezi, ngokwenza yonke lekroza odumileyo - Alpha Centauri C, okanye Proxima Centauri. umzimba engaphandle Igama lithetha "ngoko nangoko". Proxima iindleko amaqabane abo kumgama 13.000 iminyaka elula. Le elinanye into ubukhulu, obomvu, nenomlanga ezincinane (malunga amaxesha 7 incinane Sun) kunye kukhona kakhulu. Yibone ngeliso lenyama akunakwenzeka. Kuba Proxima uphawu karhulumente "ekucamngceni": inkwenkwezi unako nje imizuzu embalwa ukutshintsha kabini ixabiso ngobuhle bayo. Isizathu soku "yokuziphatha" kwiinkqubo zangaphakathi ibakho ngaphakathi, nenomlanga.

isikhundla ombaxa

Proxima kudala ingqalelo ukuba i element sesithathu kwenkqubo Alpha Centauri, Bajikeleza iperi A no-B iminyaka malunga 500. Kutshanje, Noko ke, le mbono ikhula ukuba nenomlanga ebomvu akukho ngokunxulumene nabo, kwaye impefumlelwano maqumrhu mathathu yasezulwini - simanga okwethutyana.

Isizathu sokuba kwamathandabuzo baba data ithi ukuba babesondelelene iperi iinkwenkwezi alinayo ezaneleyo amandla omxhuzulane umtsalane, ukuba ugcine ngxi Proxima. Mazifike kule ekuqaleni 90 yenkulungwane lokugqibela ukuba kukho iinkcukacha ixesha elide kufuneka isiqinisekiso olongezelelweyo. Imigqaliselo zakutshanje kunye izibalo izazinzulu impendulo engagungqiyo akanikwanga. Ngokutsho kuqikelelo, Proxima singakwazi kube yinxalenye yenkqubo triple Ukuhambahamba iziko eqhelekileyo womxhuzulane. Ngaphezu koko, orbit kufuneka ngathi okweqanda evuthelweyo, nencopho zikude ukusuka kwiziko - lowo apho iinkwenkwezi babukela kanye ngoku.

iiprojekthi

Enoba lwalunjani, ezizezi Proxima kucwangciselwe ukuba siphaphazela kwindawo yokuqala, xa ifumaneka. Journey Alpha Centauri kwinqanaba langoku zophuhliso zobugcisa isithuba unokuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kwama-1000. Eli xesha nje akunakucingelwa, kuba oososayensi bamatasa ekufuneni iindlela zokunciphisa kuyo.

Iqela labaphandi NASA eyayikhokelwa Harold White liphuhlisa iprojekthi "Isantya", isiphumo ekufuneka ibe injini entsha. feature awodwa aya kuba amandla okoyisa isantya ukukhanya, okwenza eyayisuka eMhlabeni ukuya inkwenkwezi elikufutshane iya kuba iiveki ezimbini kuphela. Loo mqondiso kuza kuba wobugcisa lokwenyani umsebenzi oluhlangeneyo of zesayensi ithiyori kunye experimenters. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ke, inqanawa, neengcambu isivamvo sokukhanya - kwixesha elizayo. Uqikelelo Marc Millis, xa wayesebenza NASA, njengazo iteknoloji, ngaphandle ekhoyo ngokulinganisela ikhoyo ngenkqubela intshukumo, ibe hhayi ngaphambi kwe kwiminyaka engamakhulu amabini. Ukuncitshiswa lo gama kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kuvulwa kuya kwenziwa ukuba kakhulu ukutshintsha iingcamango ekhoyo malunga emkhathini.

Ngoku Proxima Centauri kunye namaqabane ayo ahlale Umgomo, ebendingenakuzifumana kwixa elizayo. Technology, Noko ke, uyaqhubeka kuphuculwe, kwaye neenkcukacha ezintsha malunga iimpawu inkqubo solar - ukuba ubungqina ezibonwayo. Nanamhlanje, izazinzulu ezininzi izinto, malunga 40-50 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo yaye akazange abe eliphupha.