Yintoni uxelela umthi cut

Ehambahamba ehlathini waza wabona isiphunzi endala, umntu ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuyeka kwaye banikele ingqalelo kwicandelo umva komthi. Yintoni uyamkhumbula? Ukuba ndikwazi ukufundisa, ukufumana ilizwi lakhe? Ufake Ukucacisa umda ka moss, kulula ukuba baphawule izangqa bawela yi ukuqhekeka. amakhonkco umthi na onokumxelela lukhulu. On izityalo abaselula, umjikelo wayo wobomi, a kakhulu ukubanda nobushushu, iintsuku ezomileyo. Phambi kwamehlo abantu abanolwazi kutyhilwa unyaka emva konyaka, amashumi eminyaka. Le inzululwazi kwakuvela kutshanje, ibizwa ngokuba dendrochronology.

Ingcamango dendrochronology

Uphononongo kwamacandelo lomnqamlezo ayikho nzima. Umthi ezichetyiweyo ancinwe neemicroscope, umaleko lonyaka ngamnye ulinganiswa iimilimitha. Ngokutsho imilinganiselo wenza ishedyuli eyodwa, libonisa amakhonkco utshintsho ubukhulu. Ishedyuli ziileech ukuba Ebubanzini emakhonkcweni ngokubanzi (elilungileyo iminyaka imithi), igrafu lifinyele xa iminyaka baba owomileyo, enzima. Emva kokuhlalutya fresh Wugawuleni lo mthi, nesakhiwo, kungenzeka ukufumana i umlando ubomi bakhe, ebonisa iimeko zemozulu ngexesha lokudla zesityalo, oko kukuthi, iminyaka yokugqibela ixesha lethu. Ukufumana ehlathini bagawule umthi wamandulo, kufuneka benze umsebenzi ofanayo kwaye ufumane ucwangciso. On kuya kuba lula ukugweba iimeko zemozulu kwixesha apho lakhula. Ukususela kulo nyaka ungaya nzulu kwimbali konyaka.

Kodwa asingabo bonke elula kangaka. Kumahlathi yaseYurophu imithi bamandulo azibe ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu, amane anamakhulu, ngaphandle kokuba oki maxa wambi kube kwisiqingatha a nkulungwane. Kodwa nantsi ukufunda hardwood cut kunokuba nzima. ring engacacanga ibonisa iimfihlelo kunokuba kokuthatha. Kwindawo ngcono wazibonakalisa ukuba izazinzulu of America. Kukho imithi kuphila ubomi iwaka leminyaka. Ezi abathile gymnosperms, nompleyini etyheli, Douglas fir. nokuba kukho afunyanwa zasezintabeni pine, lona lwahlalayo ezine ezinesiqingatha iminyaka eliwaka. Ngexesha kwimingxuma kwisayithi ka amaIndiya yokuhlala ababona wagawulwa afunyanwa, ebinokuthi yenze iigrafiki dendrochronological kwi iwaka leminyaka yonke.

Izangqa yonyaka. Research eRussia

Iminyaka emininzi izazinzulu ziye bafunda iinkuni Melika kuphela. EYurophu omhlophe indawo entsimini. Kuphela emva kwemfazwe eRashiya, izazinzulu sele befuna Spila yamandulo. Kwaba kakuhle ukuba isifundo kwimimandla esemantla. Imihlaba utyebile kakuhle kwaye umhlaba ekhenkcezisiweyo uye wayilondoloza ezininzi iziqu ezinkulu umthi. "Isivuno" enkulu izazinzulu iinkuni eqokelelwe ngexesha kukugrumba kwi Novgorod yamandulo. Apho bafumana amawaka ezininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, wakubo kwi enye kubunzulu ezahlukeneyo. Layer ngu umaleko izazinzulu necropsied izinto zakudala: risers amabandla, ukutyibilika log, ngena amaqula. Ezafunyanwa yafunyanwa kubunzulu imitha ezisibhozo-. Kodwa njani tie okufunyenweyo ubudala abanemfundo? Amacezu of ngesihlahla ezazilungiselwe iikopi ngaphezu kwamawaka amathathu. eziphilayo kwakufuneka ukwakha isikali lwabo dendrochronological.

Dendrochronologists benza umsebenzi omkhulu. Ukuba asingabo abo bawuva nje emgceni imizobo. Ukuseta ishedyuli reference kwafuneka afunde lonke ibali kwisixeko samandulo, Chronicle, ukuqonda yakhiwa yintoni nyaka okanye isakhiwo ngamaplanga.

project Aegean dendrochronological

Umsebenzi project Aegean Dendrochronological elikhulu sele ehamba iminyaka engama-35. injongo yawo - ukwenza dendroshkalu ngokupheleleyo ukuba kuMbindi Mpuma kunye neengingqi lweAegean kwaye kuquka imithi ngewaka BC ukuya avuleke mihla kuqala. Umsebenzi olwenziwe izazinzulu University, USA. iziphumo Main:

• Ezingenisiweyo iintlobo ingundoqo dendroshkaly ezifana komterebhinti, nomsedare, konwele, pine. ixesha kwazo kuqikelelwa kwi 750 g ye BC.
• Ukugqitywa kwakhiwe Aegean ezidadayo dendroshkaly kunye ngqo iminyaka 2657-649 BC (ngokuba konwele).
• Kwakhona kwi wejunipha cut wanceda ekwakheni dendroshkalu kwakudada phezu kwisithuba 2030-980 BCE. Iziphumo yapapashwa ngo-2005.
• ezaziwayo zaye zachongwa ngenxa "izikhewu eRoma," kwaye EVA-umba.

Impumelelo ye Scientists American kuseyinto impikiswano, ekubeni kwenziwa kwemposiso kwezinye iimeko, ukususela kwiminyaka eli-100 ukuya-200.

Research e Finland

Enye kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo isifundo ukuya kumantla eFinland. Kwezi ndawo, umgca udlula umda kwemozulu. UNjingalwazi Jan Esper ubanga ukuba iziqu ezazikayo ukugcina lonke ulwazi kangangamakhulu eminyaka. Ngenxa yoko, iqhekeza encinane umthi, balele sedikeni abandayo, ubalisa lukhulu. Kumantla Finland kukho ezininzi i amachibi, ezigcina ulwazi nanto. Dendrochronologists babanga ukuba bona ukutyhila iimfihlelo lwemozulu iminyaka engamawaka amabini. ngumsebenzi Laboratory usebenzisa drill iisampuli ezizodwa ngesandla amakhonkco sihlahla isusiwe. Koko kuvavanywa ngemicroscope usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe computer. yemizobo Dendrochronological azotywe banceda chonga indlela imozulu itshintshile kwaye naxa phezu kwintsimi mlilo yenzekile.

utshintsho lwemozulu

Ngokutsho ingcaciso efunyenweyo, oosonzululwazi baye bakwazi ukumisela ukuba kwihlabathi kwiwaka zonke kobushushu ndalahlelwa degrees 0.3. Oku waqhubeka kwaze ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini - Industrial Revolution wehlabathi. Uphuhliso inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe kukhokelele ekubeni ihlabathi liye landa kakhulu inani greenhouse gases. Eli xesha Dendrochronologists fundanga ngokwenkcukacha.

Ngemihla wabachasi baseRoma kwemozulu yaba ufudumele. "Isigaba Ukuncoma" ekunokuthiwa kunye Ages Aphakathi. Emva koko kwafika snap ebandayo, eqhubekileyo qho ngonyaka de 1900. umntu wethu mihla, phezu koko, ngoku uxhalabile kukufudumala okukhawulezayo kwehlabathi. Njengoko ubona, nkqu iqhekeza encinane isebe lomthi na onokumxelela lukhulu. Ngelishwa, nokufika greenhouse effect kulo, kunye neemeko singcolisa umoya kunye kwemozulu kuxhomekeke, ukusa kumkhamo othile, ngenxa nemisebenzi yabantu, idatha ye dendrochronology na ubungqina kuphela yokuguquguquka lobushushu.