Ziziphi izilwanyana ezikhoyo? Ezinye iinkalo zodidi

Ihlabathi lezilwanyana elisijikelezayo lihluke kakhulu. Ukuhamba, ukuhamba, ukuhamba, ukuhamba nokusebenza: "Isidalwa ngasinye sibabini," njengoko iBhayibhile ithi. Kwaye zingaphi na ezi "zidalwa", kwaye ziziphi izilwanyana ezihlala emhlabeni, emoyeni nasemanzini, zifunde kweli nqaku.

Isayensi yesigaba sezilwanyana

Kukhona inzululwazi eyenza bonke abemi bezinto eziphilayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-taxonomy kwaye ikhetha ukuba ziphi izilwanyana. Inzululwazi iyakwazi ukucacisa umlinganiselo wobudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo, ezingenakuze zihlale zifana nokufana kwangaphandle. Kwenzeka ukuba okufana nezinye izilwanyana zivela kwiimilayezo ezahlukileyo, kwaye ngokungafaniyo (i-armadillos, i-anteaters, sloths) zihlangene kwiyunithi enye. Inkcazo yobudlelwane balaba okanye ezinye izidalwa kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi, kunye nophando lwe-paleontological and genetic.

Ziziphi iiklasi zezilwanyana?

Ubomi boMhlaba buhlukaniswe zizikumkani ezinhlanu. Ihlabathi lwakhiwe ngamabhaktheriya, iprotozoa, iifungi, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana (izidalwa ezininzi ezinokuthi zihambe, zondla izityalo okanye ezinye izilwanyana). Ubukumkani bezilwanyana buhlukelelwe kwiintlobo ezili-10, ngokulandelanayo, phakathi kweyona nto inokuqhubekayo yimiqobo (ine-axis e-skeletal axis). Eyona ndlela iphakamileyo kakhulu iinjongo ezithintekayo ezinomtsalane oguqulwa kwi-chorda.

Ziziphi izilwanyana ezikhoyo?

Iintlobo, ngokwazo, zahlula kwiiklasi. Izilwanyana ezinamaqabunga zikwahlula ngeeklasi ezintlanu: iintlanzi, i-amphibians, izilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo, iintaka kunye nezilwanyana. Lo mva unenhlangano ephezulu phakathi kwabo bonke abathintekayo. Kukho neeklasi ezimbini zezi zilwanyana: i-oviparous ne viviparous. Iyokuqala ibeka amaqanda njengeentaka, umzekelo, kodwa iintsana zabo zondliwa ubisi. Okwesibini (kunye ne-marsupial, kunye ne-placental) ibeletha okanye iibhokhwe ezingakhuselekanga, ezise-sikhwama esikhethekileyo somama, okanye zizala abantwana abasele bakha.

Fumana ukuba luphi uhlobo lwezilwanyana olunokuthi lube nalo, kwaye ngakumbi ngokubanzi. Izicandelwana zihlukaniswe ngamaqela, amashishini - ukuzala, nokuzala - kwiintlobo. Namhlanje, kufikelela kumawaka angamawaka amaxilongo ephila kwihlabathi lethu. Yaye nganye yezilwanyana ibizwa ngokuba yedwa.

Ingcamango yokutya

Ngaba siya kuzifumana ezinye iilwanyana? Imifuno, i- omnivorous, i-carnivorous. Izityalo ezihlaza zibonelela ngokutya ngokusebenzisa i-photosynthesis, eguqula umoya, amanzi, amandla elanga kwiimveliso eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izilwanyana azi ukuba zenze njani oku. Bamele badle izityalo okanye uhlobo lwabo. Ngoko kutyalwa ukhenketho lokutya.

Ukutya ukutya

Ininzi yeentlobo zezilwanyana ezikhoyo zidla ukutya kokutya. Basebenzisa iindawo ezithile zezityalo kunye neentlobo zazo, ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwinkqubo yokugaya inyama. Wonke umntu unokhetho lwakhe: amaqabunga kunye neziqu, iingcambu kunye namagxolo. Oku kuninzi kunokuba kunzima ukugaya, kodwa le nkqubo kwizilwanyana ezinomsoco zinceda ama-microorganism kunye nama-bacterium ahlala kwisisu. Kwiklasi nganye, uhlobo, i-detachment kukho i-herbivorous. Lezi zinambuzane: izilwanyana, iinyosi, iibhotela, iinkumbi, kunye neentlanzi: umzekelo, abameli beethambo, nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo: ii-turtles, neentaka: iipasta, inkukhu. Kwiklasi yezilwanyana ezincelisayo, ama-marsupials, i-artiodactyls, i-odd-ungulates, iigorants, i-hares, i-proboscis i-herbivorous. Ezinye iimbhokhwe nazo zikhetha i-phytoplankton. Kwindlela yokutya, ezi zilwanyana zibizwa ngokuba yizinto eziphilayo zesekondari (trophic).

Omnivorous

Qhubeka ufumanisa ukuba zeziphi izilwanyana? I-Omnivores yindlela elandelayo esiya kuyiqwalasela. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba ezininzi iintlobo zezilwanyana ezondla kakhulu kwizityalo, ngamanye amaxesha azikhathaleli ukutya inyama. Kanti ngamanye amaxesha, i-carnivores ayigxeki ukuzama nantoni na imifuno. Ezi zilwanyana zibizwa ngokuba yi-omnivores. Njengomzekelo, unokuzisa ezinye iinambuzane (iimboli, njl.), Izityiba, iigwane, ihagu, iimbhokhwe ezininzi, ii- apes (ama-chimpanzees kunye nabanye). Kuyafana nakwindoda.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba inkqubo yokugaya i-omnivores ayikho into ekhethekileyo. Ngako oko, isisu sawo sinokugaya ukutya kokutya kunye nesilwanyana. Izilwanyana ze-omnivorous nazo zingenayo imfumba, njengabasendle, kunye ne-incisors zikhona phambi komlomo.