Ziziphi zithako 4 carbon oxide uyaxabana? Zeziphi izinto ngayo carbon dioxide?

Carbon dioxide, okwabizwa ngokuba 4 carbon oxide idityaniswe nenani izinto ezenza iintlobo ngeentlobo chemical ubume kunye neempawu ze-compound. Eliquka iimolekyuli non-polar, it has a iibhondi buthathaka kakhulu aphakathi kwaye inokuba kuphela ngohlobo berhasi, ukuba lobushushu Iqondo lobushushu lihle laya ngaphezulu kwama-31 Celsius. Carbon dioxide yikhompawundi imichiza eliquka enye carbon atom kunye athom ezimbini neoksijini.

Icarbon dioxide 4: Formula kunye Inkcazelo ngokuthe gabalala

Icarbon dioxide ekhona kule emkhathini kungomlinganiselo omncinci, kunye nezenzo njengoko a gas greenhouse. ifomula yayo chemical nto _Co-2. Kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, oko khona kuphela sikarhulumente sukube. KwiNtetho yayo eqinileyo, ibizwa ngokuba ice owomileyo.

Carbon dioxide wenkqubo yinxenye ebalulekileyo kumjikelo carbon. Avela ezahlukeneyo imithombo yendalo kuquka degassing mlilo, ukutshiswa izinto eziphilayo kunye neenkqubo aerobic zemiphunga ngayo izinto eziphilayo. ke imithombo Anthropogenic le carbon dioxide enxulumene kakhulu ukutshiswa kwezimbiwa ezahlukeneyo efosili ukulungiselela ukuveliswa zamandla ombane nezothutho.

Kwakhona eziveliswa iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo yokubola nokuphefumla zeselula. Izityalo aguqule icarbon dioxide mpilo ngexesha inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiphotosynthesis, esebenzisa zombini carbon neoksijini ukwenza iicarbohydrates. Ukongezelela, izityalo sikwakhupha ioksijini emoyeni, nto leyo ke lize lisetyenziswe yokuphefumla yi eziphilayo heterotrophic.

IKharbon dayokhsayidi (CO2) emzimbeni

Carbon monoxide awasabela ngayo kunye zizinto 4 ezahlukeneyo kunye imveliso inkunkuma sukube emzimbeni. Kukho ngaphezu kwama-90% yegazi ngohlobo yesoda (HCO _3). Enye - kusenokuqhutywa itshitshisiwe CO _{2 okanye} asidi (H2CO _3). Kuba kukulungelelanisa iinjongo ezi zihlanganisi egazini amalungu uxanduva ezifana kwesibindi kunye nezintso. NebhiKharbonati - lulwelo yemichiza isebenza njenge buffer. Igcina pH igazi kwinqanaba elifunekayo, uphambuke ezintethweni ukunyuka iasidi.

Isakhiwo neempawu carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ i-compound yemichiza yigesi kubushushu igumbi nangaphezulu. Le ibandakanya omnye carbon atom kunye athom ezimbini neoksijini. Abantu nezilwanyana kukhutshwe carbon xa dioxide siphefumla. Ngaphezu koko, usoloko lamiswa xa into organic combusted. Izityalo zisebenzisa carbon dioxide wemveliso yokutya. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yiphotosynthesis.

Iipropati dioxide carbon ziye zifundwa sisazinzulu Scottish uYosefu Black emva 1750s. Ngaba eyigesi, unako ukufaka amandla thermal kwaye nefuthe iimeko kwemozulu kunye nemozulu kwi iplanethi yethu. Nguye unobangela kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokwandisa lobushushu kumphezulu Yomhlaba.

Indima begazi

Carbon monoxide awasabela ngayo kunye zizinto ezahlukeneyo 4 kwaye imveliso isiphelo kwi eziphilayo ezifumana amandla kokutshatyalaliswa iswekile, amafutha kunye acid. Le yinkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yokuphefumla zeselula, uphawu zonke izityalo, izilwanyana, umngundo amaninzi kwaye ezinye iintsholongwane. Xa izilwanyana eziphezulu, icarbon dioxide egazini esuka nezihlunu umzimba emiphungeni apho iyaphuma. Izityalo efunyenwe emoyeni ukuze zisetyenziswe photosynthesis.

ice owomileyo

Umkhenkce owomileyo okanye eziqinileyo carbon dioxide yigesi CO karhulumente esiqinileyo ₂ lobushushu -78,5 ° C. Xa uhlobo yayo yendalo na into ayikho zifumaneka kwindalo kodwa eyenziwe ngumntu. Kuyinto enemibala kwaye zingasetyenziswa ukulungiselela nezihlwahlwazayo, njengento okupholisa kwizikhongozelo kunye ice cream kwaye cosmetology, umzekelo ebandayo of intsumpa. A pair omkhenkce owomileyo zingabangela mandife kwaye ikhokelele ekufeni. Xa usebenzisa ice owomileyo kufuneka balumke kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Ngamandla oluqhelekileyo akuyi kuya kunyibilika ukusuka okuqinileyo ukuya kulwelo, kwaye endaweni ophuma okuqinileyo ngqo negesi. Oku kubizwa sublimation. Izakutshintsha ngqo ukusuka okuqinileyo ukuya igesi na lobushushu ngaphezu lobushushu eliphantsi kakhulu. ice Dry sublimates kwiqondo lobushushu eziqhelekileyo. Oku ukhupha carbon dioxide, nto leyo eye akukho ivumba kunye nombala. Icarbon dioxide ibe kwegesi noxinzelelo ngaphezu 5.1 ATM. Igesi ephuma kwi-ice abandayo owomileyo ukuze, xa ugalelwe umoya ayaphola kunyuka kwamanzi emoyeni inkungu, elijongeka umsi emhlophe ashinyeneyo.

Ukulungiswa kwezakhiwo chemical kunye indlela

Kushishino, icarbon oxide 4 zilungisiwe ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Ovuthayo amafutha (C + O ₂ = CO _2).
2. Ngu yokubola thermal of lekalika (CaCO ₃ = cao + CO _2).

Imali kweziphumo carbon monoxide into ihlanjululwa 4 kwegesi lwawamanzi zibe neebhaloni ezizodwa.

Njengoko acid, carbon oxide 4 awasabela ngayo kunye izinto ezifana:

• Amanzi. Xa iifom zichithakala asidi (H ₂ CO _3).
• izisombululo awana. 4 carbon monoxide (CO formula ₂₎ awasabela ngayo kunye alkalis. Kule ityuwa eliphakathi kwaye kwasekwa acid (NaHCO _3).
• oxides Basic. Kwezi abasabela iityuwa benziwa carbonates (CaCO ₃ Na ₂ CO _3).
• Carbon. 4 xa carbon monoxide wasabela ngokuba ngamalahle ashushu, 2 amiliswe le carbon oxide (carbon monoxide), nto leyo ibangele ityhefu. (CO ₂ + C = 2Kor).
• Wemagniziyam. Ngokuqhelekileyo, carbon dioxide eninzi iya akayixhasi yokutsha, kuphela xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, oku idibene nesinyithi ezithile. Umzekelo, ilitha magnesium kuya kuqhubeka ukuze ayitshise _co-2 ngexesha indlela redox (2Mg + CO ₂ = 2MgO + C).

indlela lomgangatho carbon monoxide kubonakaliswa 4 ngokugqithisa amanzi lekalika (Ca (OH) ₂ okanye amanzi nge barite (Ba (OH) _2. Umntu bagcine turbidity kunye kwezulu. Ukuba ngoko uqhube Intili carbon dioxide, amanzi abe ngaphaya kwakhona , carbonates njengokuba ezingenakunyibilika eziguqulelwe kwi carbonates hydrogen enyibilikayo (ityuwa asidi of asidi).

Icarbon dioxide kwakhona kuveliswa ngexesha ukutshiswa zonke fuels carbon-based ezifana methane (igesi yendalo), distillates oyile (ipetroli, idizili, separafini, propane), amalahle okanye iinkuni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amanzi kukwaqaqambise.

Carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide) ibandakanya omnye carbon atom kunye athom ezimbini oksijini zibanjwa kunye ngeentambo covalent (okanye electron division). carbon Pure inqabile kakhulu. Ifumaneka kwindalo kuphela ngohlobo izimbiwa, grafayithi nedayimani. Ngaphandle koku, le ibhloko yokwakha ubomi, nto leyo kunye hydrogen neoksijini Iifomu yikhompawundi esisiseko, zonke equka umhlaba.

Hydrocarbon ezifana amalahle, i-oyile negesi yendalo - yikhompawundi equlathe carbon kunye hydrogen. Le element uqulathwe calcite (CaCo ₃₎ kunye neeminerali e sedimentary nemetamorphic rocks lekalika naziiperile. Le element, eliquka zonke izinto eziphilayo - lusuka kumafutha eziphili zamandulo ezaba lilitye ukuya DNA.