Zokudlala Ukufunda: GOST, isishwankathelo, iintlobo, amaxabiso

zokudlala Ukufunda - umbuzo enganiki mdla, kubonakala ngathi, kunokuba ube nomdla amagosa kuphela okanye nabazali ayikhathalele kakhulu malunga ukhuseleko lwabantwana babo. Enyanisweni, le ngxaki kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi namhlanje iimeko ezimaxongo xa abazali basoloko kuyafuneka ukuba siwuqwalasele umba yokulungisa umdlalo okanye kwindawo yezemidlalo-ukuphuhlisa abantwana babo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukwazi ugubungela izinto zokudlala, yintoni na eluncedo nengeloncedo uhlobo oluthile.

Okuphoxayo kukuba, urhulumente silawula kwaye ilawula mba. Ukuqhelaniswa nemigangatho kwaye uphunyeziwe - oku ingongoma esisiseko ngenxa ekuhlanganiseni kwabo asebenza iingcali profile, obeqhuba izifundo ezizodwa izibalo ngendlela yokukhusela abantwana bethu ngexesha lokudlala esebenzayo. Ukongeza, ukunqongophala nolungelelaniso kunye nemigangatho kumaziko aseburhulumenteni kunye neemfuno zijonge ukudilizwa yesiza, ukuba ifakiwe kummandla kamasipala ngaphandle ekuthobeleni imithetho, yaye oku kukodwa Ngumsebenzi eninzi kunye ezingemnandi.

Ukubaluleka ingxaki Kucacile

Iingcali zengqondo kunye nootitshala kudala wabonisa ukuba umntwana luphuhlisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokuvisisana xa alibhekiseli. Le ezincinane kuyinyaniso ingakumbi zehlabathi kolwazi. Ngelishwa, uluntu namhlanje kakubi a ebizwa ngokuba yi-umlinganiselo ezimbalwa uthando lwabazali, ukubonisa uthando lwabo amatakane ngokusebenzisa iziphiwo ezahlukeneyo kunye okukhona. Abantwana efanayo, ngaphandle ukulondolozwa ngabazali nokunxibelelana ngqo kunye nomama notata, kufuneka ukudala iimeko umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nezentlalo.

Le ndawo zezona zifaneleke kakhulu impumelelo yokuqala, kakade, ibala yabantwana. Kukho inala uyakwazi frolic kwaye ukuvavanya izakhono zonxibelelwano. Noko ke, abazali badla qaphela njalo ngobunono phezu ukhuseleko umntwana wakhe ningabaleli naye nje sikhwele axhotyiswe ngokukodwa kule ndawo, kodwa nje ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo. Le olugqithisileyo akusoloko akagwetyelwa - indawo zokuzonwabisa zabantwana, yenzelwe kwaye exhobele shustriki kakhulu noko amnye ebantwini. Ukufakelwa kunye limisele izixhobo (kunye nemidlalo, kwakunye umdlalo) - oku iinkqubo zilawulwa kwaye esweni luluntu nabasemagunyeni, ezilawulwa yi-imigaqo evunyiweyo. Bathi, ukulawula, phakathi kwezinye izinto, hayi nje kuphela umgangatho zonke ukuba abantwana twist, ndizibhija, ebhabha kuyo kwaye enyuka, kodwa usenokuquka zokudlala abantwana.

Ukuyishiya phantsi kwe window

Kweli nqaku, siza kuqwalasela le Ipeyinti kakhulu ethandwa, asetyenziswa zokudlala abantwana. Phakathi kwabo kuya kuba kufana looking aqhelekileyo kakhulu kwaye lungqiniwe kwiminyaka yokusebenza, kanye lama kwiinguqulelo mihla.

De kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo kuzo zonke iinkundla elalisakuba yiSoviet Union ukudala ukutyabeka ukunceda umaleko usebenzisa zokudlala isanti.

Kunzima ukufumana umntu kwakungayi ekhaya izimbiwa evakalala ayikho kuphela kucebisa kunye nezihlangu, kodwa kwiindawo esitheleyo ngakumbi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokuchasene kwentlabathi kuphela nomama kwafuneka ukuba ndizihlambe rebyatnyu kunye endlini ezi ngquzu.

Ziziphi iingenelo kunye nengeloncedo nesanti ngathi izinto esetyenziswa njenge ukutyabeka ngenxa zokudlala abantwana? Ixabiso - oku inzuzo yayo ephambili. Ukongeza, intlabathi kungabizi kakhulu, nto kwaye eziphathekayo efikelelekayo, ukuba uhlangabezana njani nale njongo yayo iphambili - lubamba amandla Kuna ngexesha, oko ke kusehlisa amathuba yokwenzakala kakhulu zandikhathaza. Ke kaloku ke bawo:

• lula eziqhutywa ngaphandle ebaleni;
• evakalala, kukho ithuba lokudibana ngamehlo kunye namanye 'ezingafanelekanga "le ndawo;
• esantini ukufihla iiglasi ezaphukileyo, amatye, kobutyobo kunye nezinye "izipho" ngokugqibeleleyo;
• emva kwemvula intlabathi ngokubamba entle ngokukhawuleza emanzini ngokwabo, kodwa inkqubo nangoku asinakusetyenziswa ngokwaneleyo kwaye amathuba okuba ngexesha slushy, abantwana kufuneka badlale eludakeni - phezulu kakhulu.

Utyani obuluhlaza?

Standard kwakhona evumela egubungele kumabala emidlalo eyenziwe ngobunono yendalo neyenziweyo. Oku ingca, kuhlwayelwa sabasiza ngendlela zemveli, kodwa ungasebenzisa i iiloni ezikhuliselwe zokukhulisa ezikhethekileyo, efana naleyo kutyhobozela zebhola kunye nezinye amabala ezemidlalo.

kwizazi:

• bayancokola nobuhlobo yokusingqongileyo;
• ukufakwa yashiya elungileyo;
• imbonakalo entle.

bendlela:

• Ingca udinga ukunakekelwa njalo ngenyameko (unkcenkceshayo, kukucheba, amagqabi yokutshayela nengqushu podsevanie azityekanga okanye iindawo elinyukayo);
• ixabiso eliphezulu;
• ingca - coating unomsa kakhulu, ingca yendalo kufuneka zidityaniswe kunye nezinye izixhobo, nto leyo iya kulungiswa kufakelo kwiindawo zokulwa, izilayidi kunye nezixhobo zemidlalo.

ixesha elide yaye uluncedo ukuba afakelwe iisoyi. Ubude, lexinene umbala imfumba zinoku-odolwa ngokokubona kwayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ezinye iindidi ze ingca babeke phezu zeendawana okhethekileyo zentlabathi okanye zerabha entle mixture oko kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele, kuba oko konyusa iindleko zeenkonzo. Kuni- of zokudlala kwi-avareji liya kuxabisa zii 20-30 square metre zempahla ekrwada ngamnye, ukongeza kufuneka ukongeza iindleko nokupakisha, yokuncamathelisa ezizodwa kunye nezincedisi.

"Esezantsi" Floor

Kweli candelo, hayi sithetha thina ngezinto olulula, yaye phezu zenyathi olwahlukileyo ukutyibilika, ezifana tile wokuza kukaTartan. Oku eliphezulu-zobugcisa, bomelele yaye elide irabha enamathela ngenxa kumabala emidlalo zabantwana. le nto amaxabiso eyahlukileyo kakhulu (ukusuka engange 950 square metre nganye). Siqulathe nentlaka lyu kongezwe mixture rubber kwi mxube ukuba ezinye ongeziweyo zifakwe, nto leyo eya kuba iindleko ukutyabeka.

Tiles ziyahluka imilo, ubukhulu kunye nombala. Sombala kuvame iindleko ezinkulu: omnye nje Kilo of idayi ungaphezulu $ 100, kwaye xa umthengi ufuna ukutyibilika eliqaqambileyo kwaye inemibalabala umntwana wakho, kuya kufuneka ifolokhwe phandle.

ngokoqobo lwangoku

Kutshanje, ethandwa kakhulu ekuthiwa-zerabha ngeso lenyama. Oku ingaba:

• Kufuma - ngerabha mixture ukusuka iqhezu omhle, oko kakhulu eninzi (ukusuka engange-1600 square metre nganye), kodwa umthengi ofumana esiphelweni ixesha elide ukuba iya kuthabatha iminyaka emininzi, ulondolozo simahla yaye ngokwenene inceda ukukhusela abantwana.
• Roll nokwadala - oko ke yesibini imali eninzi izinto ngenxa ngokubekwa isiseko abantwana umdlalo iindawo. sokuphila Its-avareji malunga iminyaka esi-7, ixabiso ixhomekeke ubukhulu kunye nenani lamanqanaba kwi ukutyabeka. Kusenokuba emibini okanye emithathu-sixhobo sekhombuya esinee, yaye "iqebengwana" kukutyeba-2 mm ukuya kwi-5 cm.
• Kwaye ke yokugqibela ukhetho lo lokufaka yerabha ukutyabeka ngenxa kumabala emidlalo zabantwana. kuba amaxabiso ibaluleke kakhulu (ukususela 1600 ukuya engange-2500 square metre nganye). Uyakwazi ukugcina ngokusebenzisa inani elincinci imibala, ukongeza, eqinileyo flooring efanelekileyo ukwenza kwi kumabala emidlalo, kubantwana efanayo ngokuqhelekileyo isicelo kuyingozi kakhulu, kodwa inkonzo lokuhlolwa avavanyelwe ukuphelwa lixabiso ngenyameko.

Jonga amaxwebhu

Uluhlu olupheleleyo izenzo olumisiweyo zomthetho imithetho, kufuneka ibe yintoni na indawo yolonwabo kubantwana, iqulathe amanqaku eziphantse zibe lishumi. Noko ke, kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili, kubonisa ngqo kwiimfuneko echaza into ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa ikhava ibekwa zokudlala. GOST P 52169-2012 iqulathe uluhlu lwezincedisi, ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu yamasuntswana elamkelekileyo pads indawo oya kuyo. Ukongeza kwisanti kunokuba amahlalutye okanye ixolo neetshiphusi. Ezinye iindwendwe - P EH 1177 abolekwe kwi-EU kwaye ilawula umgangatho ukutyabeka rubber phezu kumabala emidlalo kunye namabala emidlalo.